臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

脂溶性維生素在人體健康中扮演著重要角色，除了調節基本的生理功能外，還能預防和降低疾病的發生率。缺乏或過量的脂溶性維生素會對健康造成影響。研究顯示，缺乏脂溶性維生素可能增加慢性病、心血管疾病甚至癌症的風險；而過量則有中毒的風險。因此，監測血漿中脂溶性維生素的濃度，不僅有助於了解其含量，還可作為臨床診斷的輔助標準。
過往的脂溶性維生素分析方法耗時耗溶媒且操作繁複，特異性和靈敏度不佳。本研究開發了一種新型萃取裝置技術，具有操作簡便、省時、溶媒消耗少、環境友好的優點，並結合高靈敏度的UHPLC-MS/MS分析儀器，用於檢測人體血漿中微量脂溶性維生素的濃度。本研究優化萃取溶媒、輔助鹽種類和用量、萃取時間及甲酸溶液體積等參數，以提升萃取效率。結果顯示，使用1 mL乙醇、200 mg無水硫酸鎂、渦旋輔助震盪3分鐘，以及50 mg PSA、50 mg C18和100 mg無水硫酸鎂作為淨化吸附劑（比例1:1:2）可在5分鐘內完成樣品前處理。最佳化條件下，線性範圍為1 ng/mL至1000 ng/mL，線性相關係數大於0.993，偵測極限為0.3至0.8 ng/mL，定量極限為1 ng/mL。此方法快速、環境友善、省時，且具有良好回收率，顯示出在不同領域和樣品基質的前處理過程中的潛力。

Fat-soluble vitamins play a crucial role in human health. Besides regulating essential physiological functions, they can also prevent and reduce the incidence of diseases. Deficiency or excess of fat-soluble vitamins can impact health. Research shows that a lack of fat-soluble vitamins may increase the risk of chronic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and even cancer, while an excess can led to toxicity. Therefore, monitoring the concentration of fat-soluble vitamins in human plasma helps understand their levels and serves as an auxiliary standard for clinical diagnosis.
Previous methods for analyzing fat-soluble vitamins were time and solvent-consuming and complex with poor specificity and sensitivity. In this study, we intend to develop a new extraction technique that is simple, fast, consumes less solvent, is low-cost, and is environmentally friendly for rapid isolation and cleanup of fat-soluble (Vitamins D and E) from human blood samples, and then, it was analyzed using UHPLC-MS/MS for quantification. We optimized various parameters such as extraction solvent, type and amount of salts, extraction time, and volume of formic acid solution to enhance the extraction efficiency of target vitamins. Results showed that using 1 mL ethanol, 200 mg anhydrous magnesium sulfate, vortex-assisted agitation for 3 minutes, and 50 mg PSA, 50 mg C18, and 100 mg anhydrous magnesium sulfate as dSPE adsorbents (in a ratio of 1:1:2) allowed sample pretreatment to be completed within 5 minutes. Under optimal conditions, the linear ranges were between 1 to 1000 ng mL-1, with correlation coefficients greater than 0.993. Detection limits ranged from 0.3 to 0.8 ng mL-1, and the quantification limits were 1 ng mL-1 for all the target vitamins. These results prove that the developed method is fast, sensitive, environmentally friendly, time-saving, and has reasonable recovery rates, indicating its potential for application in clinical analysis and diagnosis.

Acknowledgements.......iv
Table of Content.......v
List of Tables..vi
List of Figures..vii
Acronyms and Abbreviations.....ix
Chapter – I.... 1
1. INTRODUCTION..1
1.1 Background.....1
1.2 Target chemistry compound and its functions....2
1.3 Source of vitamin D and E.....6
1.4 Vitamin D and E deficiency.....10
1.5 Treatment of vitamin D and E deficiency.....11
1.6 Biological sample analysis.....13
1.7 Analytical methods for determining vitamin D and E.....14
1.8 Sample preparation.....16
1.8.1 Protein precipitation.....18
1.8.2 Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE).....19
1.8.3 Salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE).....21
1.8.4 Dispersive solid-phase extraction(dSPE).....22
1.9 Aim of this study.....23
Chapter-II.....26
2. EXPERIMENTAL SECTION.....26
2.1 Equipment and Chemicals.....26
2.2 Instrument.....26
2.3 Real samples.....29
2.4 Human Blood Samples Collection.....30
2.5 FaVEx Procedure.....32
Chapter-III.....34
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.....34
3.1 Target analyte separation.....35
3.2 Effect of extraction solvent.....35
3.3 Effect of salt type.....37
3.4 Effect of extraction time.....38
3.5 Effect of formic acid volume.....40
3.6 Effect of dSPE technology clean-up sorbents.....41
3.7 Method Validation.....43
3.8 Comparison to other methods.....44
Chapter-IV.....47
4. CONCLUSION.....47
5. REFERENCES.....48

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