臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來，教育界面臨了一連串的教育政策改革及少子化的雙重衝擊，首當
其衝的是位於正式國民教育基礎的國小。目前國內的許多小學正面對了轉型及
廢校的壓力，而謀求學校之永續經營可謂是每所國小最高長官—校長的重責大
任，但學校的經營成敗卻需靠校內全體教職員的團隊合作才能達成。因此，國
小校長的經營與教職員的士氣間的關係即是本研究欲探索部分。本文以國小校
長領導風格、教師工作滿意度與調職意願為研究構面，希望研究結果可供志於
經營國小的管理者參考。本研究於全國北、中、南的國小以問卷方式便利取樣，
用來研究一、不同的教師人口統計變數對其校長領導風格、工作滿意度與調職
意願是否有顯著的差異? 二、國小校長的領導風格是否與教師工作滿意度及調
職意願有相關？三、 國小校長之領導風格及教師工作滿意度是否能預知教師
調職意願？
研究結果發現：「國小校長領導風格」在某幾項人口統計變項（性別、年
齡、教育程度、婚姻狀況）沒差別。但「國小校長領導風格」在人口統計變項
（每月收入、在學校職稱）有差別；「教師工作滿意度」和「教師調職意願」
在這六個人口統計變項（性別、年齡、教育程度、每月收入、婚姻狀況、在學
校職稱）皆沒差別；而「國小校長領導風格」愈強，則「教師工作滿意度」愈
高，呈正相關；「教師工作滿意度」愈高，「教師調職意願」就愈低，呈負相關。
除此之外，可以使用「國小校長領導風格」與「教師工作滿意度」此二個
構面當自變數、「教師調職意願」構面當依變數來整理出迴歸方程式，所以可
證明三個構面間有相關性，並可以進行「教師調職意願」之預測。

In recent years, the education sector has been faced with the double impact
of serial educational policy reforms and declining birthrate. Many elementary
schools are facing the pressure of transition or shutdown. Thus, seeking for
the sustainable development of schools is the unalienable responsibility of
every principal. However, the success of managing a school lies in the
teamwork of all teachers and staff members. Therefore, this research aims to
study the relationship between the management styles of principals and the
morale of teachers and staff. This study researched on the factors of
elementary-school principals’ leadership style, teachers’ job satisfaction and
teachers’ transference inclination. Hopefully the results are made available to
those interested in elementary school management as references. For the
survey’s convenience, this research randomly sampled teachers located in the
north, middle and south of the country to fill in a questionnaire. The survey
result was to analyze 1) whether different demographic variables of teachers
showed significant difference concerning the principal’s leadership style,
teacher’s job satisfaction, and teacher’s transference inclination; 2) whether
the elementary-school principal’s leadership style and teacher’s job satisfaction
as well as transference willingness are related; 3) whether it is possible to
forecast teacher’s transference inclination in terms of the elementary-school
principal’s leadership style and teacher’s job satisfaction.
The research results found that elementary-school principal’s leadership
style bore no difference in the demographic variables of gender, age, education
level, and marital status. However, the leadership style did show difference in
the demographic variables of monthly income and position. The teachers' job
satisfaction and their transference inclination showed no difference in the six
demographic variables of gender, age, education level, monthly income,
marital status and school position. But, the stronger the elementary-school
principal’s leadership is, the higher the teacher’s job satisfaction-- a positive
correlation. In contrast, the higher the teacher’s job satisfaction is, the lower
iii
the teacher’s transference inclination--a negative correlation.
In addition, we used as independent variables the two following factors
"elementary-school principal’s leadership style" and "teacher’s job satisfaction"
while "teacher’s transference inclination" was used as dependent variable to
sort out their correlation through regression equation. The result proved that
these three factors are related, which can be used to predict a teacher’s
transference inclination.

中文摘要 ……………………………………………………………… i
英文摘要 ……………………………………………………………… ii
誌謝 ……………………………………………………………… iv
目錄 ……………………………………………………………… v
表目錄 ……………………………………………………………… vi
圖目錄 ……………………………………………………………… ix
第壹章 緒論……………………………………………………………… 1
第一節 研究動機………………………………………………………… 1
第二節 研究目的………………………………………………………… 3
第三節 研究問題………………………………………………………… 4
第四節 研究流程………………………………………………………… 5
第貳章 文獻探討………………………………………………………… 6
第一節 主管領導風格之文獻探討……………………………………… 6
第二節 教師工作滿意度之文獻探討…………………………………… 15
第三節 教師調職意願之文獻探討……………………………………… 25
第參章 研究方法………………………………………………………… 30
第一節 研究架構………………………………………………………… 30
第二節 研究問題與研究假設…………………………………………… 31
第三節 影響教師工作滿意度、調職意願和問卷設計………………… 33
第四節 研究工具及信效度檢驗………………………………………… 36
第五節 研究對象與抽樣………………………………………………… 40
第六節 資料分析方法…………………………………………………… 40
第肆章 研究結果與分析………………………………………………… 42
第一節 研究問卷回收描述……………………………………………… 42
第二節 研究工具檢驗…………………………………………………… 49
第三節 人口統計變項對國小校長領導風格之差別分析……………… 51
第四節 人口統計變項對教師工作滿意度之差別分析………………… 60
第五節 人口統計變項對教師調職意願之差別分析…………………… 66
第六節 國小校長領導風格與教師工作滿意度對教師調職意願之影響 71
第伍章 結論與建議……………………………………………………… 78
第一節 研究結論………………………………………………………… 78
第二節 研究限制………………………………………………………… 80
第三節 未來研究建議…………………………………………………… 81
參考文獻 …………………………………………………………………… 82
附錄 …………………………………………………………………… 86
vi
表目錄
表3-3-1 國小主管之領導風格的問題分類 ······························34
表3-4-1 預試問卷回收統計表 ········································36
表3-4-2 樣本結構之描述統計表 ······································37
表3-4-3 衡量構面之Cronbach’s α ·····································39
表3-4-4 KMO 與Bartlett 檢定········································40
表4-1-1 問卷回收統計表 ············································42
表4-1-2 樣本結構之性別分佈 ········································43
表4-1-3 樣本結構之年齡分佈 ········································44
表4-1-4 樣本結構之教育程度分佈 ····································44
表4-1-5 樣本結構之每月收入分佈 ····································45
表4-1-6 樣本結構之婚姻狀況分佈 ····································45
表4-1-7 樣本結構之在學校職稱分佈 ··································46
表4-1-8 國小校長領導風格構面之敘述統計量 ··························46
表4-1-9 教師工作滿意度構面之敘述統計量 ····························47
表4-1-10 教師調職意願構面之敘述統計量 ·····························48
表4-2-1 國小校長領導風格、教師工作滿意度和教師調職意願構面之信度 ··49
表4-2-2 KMO 與Bartlett 檢定 ········································50
表4-3-1 性別對國小校長領導風格之t 檢定 ·····························51
表4-3-2 年齡對國小校長領導風格之變異數同質性檢定 ··················53
表4-3-3 年齡對國小校長領導風格之單因子變異數分析 ··················53
表4-3-4 教育程度對國小校長領導風格之變異數同質性檢定 ··············54
表4-3-5 教育程度對國小校長領導風格之單因子變異數分析 ··············54
表4-3-6 每月收入對國小校長領導風格之變異數同質性檢定 ··············55
表4-3-7 每月收入對國小校長領導風格之單因子變異數分析 ··············55
表4-3-8 每月收入對國小校長領導風格之描述性統計量表 ················55
表4-3-9 每月收入對國小校長領導風格之變異數多重比較分析(LSD 法) ····56
表4-3-10 婚姻狀況對國小校長領導風格之變異數同質性檢定 ·············56
表4-3-11 婚姻狀況對國小校長領導風格之單因子變異數分析 ·············57
表4-3-12 在學校職稱對國小校長領導風格之變異數同質性檢定 ···········57
表4-3-13 在學校職稱對國小校長領導風格之單因子變異數分析 ···········58
表4-3-14 在學校職稱對國小校長領導風格之描述性統計量表 ·············58
表4-3-15 在學校職稱對國小校長領導風格之多重比較分析(Scheffe 法) ····58
vii
表4-3-16 研究假設一檢驗結果 ·······································60
表4-4-1 性別對教師工作滿意度之t 檢定 ·······························61
表4-4-2 年齡對教師工作滿意度之變異數同質性檢定 ····················62
表4-4-3 年齡對教師工作滿意度之單因子變異數分析 ····················62
表4-4-4 教育程度對教師工作滿意度之變異數同質性檢定 ················63
表4-4-5 教育程度對教師工作滿意度之單因子變異數分析 ················63
表4-4-6 每月收入對教師工作滿意度之變異數同質性檢定 ················63
表4-4-7 每月收入對教師工作滿意度之單因子變異數分析 ················63
表4-4-8 婚姻狀況對教師工作滿意度之變異數同質性檢定 ················64
表4-4-9 婚姻狀況對教師工作滿意度之單因子變異數分析 ················64
表4-4-10 消費頻率對教師工作滿意度之變異數同質性檢定 ···············65
表4-4-11 消費頻率對教師工作滿意度之單因子變異數分析 ···············65
表4-4-12 研究假設二檢驗結果 ·······································65
表4-5-1 性別對教師調職意願之t 檢定 ································66
表4-5-2 年齡對教師調職意願之變異數同質性檢定 ······················68
表4-5-3 年齡對教師調職意願之單因子變異數分析 ······················68
表4-5-4 教育程度對教師調職意願之變異數同質性檢定 ··················68
表4-5-5 教育程度對教師調職意願之單因子變異數分析 ··················68
表4-5-6 每月收入對教師調職意願之變異數同質性檢定 ··················69
表4-5-7 每月收入對教師調職意願之單因子變異數分析 ··················69
表4-5-8 婚姻狀況對教師調職意願之變異數同質性檢定 ··················70
表4-5-9 婚姻狀況對教師調職意願之單因子變異數分析 ··················70
表4-5-10 在學校職稱對教師調職意願之變異數同質性檢定 ···············70
表4-5-11 在學校職稱對教師調職意願之單因子變異數分析 ···············71
表4-5-12 研究假設三檢驗結果 ·······································71
表4-6-1 國小校長領導風格與教師工作滿意度的相關係數表 ··············72
表4-6-2 國小校長領導風格預測教師工作滿意度之迴歸分析摘要表 ········73
表4-6-3 國小校長領導風格預測教師工作滿意度之迴歸係數表 ············73
表4-6-4 教師工作滿意度與教師調職意願的相關係數表 ··················74
表4-6-5 教師工作滿意度預測教師調職意願之迴歸分析摘要表 ············74
表4-6-6 教師工作滿意度預測教師調職意願之迴歸係數表 ················75
表4-6-7 國小校長領導風格、教師工作滿意度與教師調職意願的相關係數表 75
viii
表4-6-8 國小校長領導風格與教師工作滿意度預測教師調職意願之迴歸分析摘要
表································································76
表4-6-9 國小校長領導風格與教師工作滿意度預測教師調職意願之迴歸係數表
··································································76
表4-6-10 研究假設四-六檢驗結果 ····································77
表5-1-1 本研究假設之檢驗結果 ······································80
ix
圖目錄
圖1-4-1 研究流程圖 ················································5
圖2-1-1 俄亥俄州的體恤和體制結構的構面圖 ··························13
圖3-1-1 研究架構圖 ················································30

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