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研究生:Julien Claude Pierre Voignier
研究生(外文):JULIEN CLAUDE PIERRE VOIGNIER
論文名稱(外文):Great Power Interplay in International Security Organizations: in the Case of U.S. and China’s Strategic Moves toward Membership in the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
指導教授:森亞博森亞博引用關係
指導教授(外文):KOSTADINOV, YAVOR A
口試委員:劉廣華陳嘉生
口試委員(外文):Nathan K. H. LiuMichael Chen
口試日期:2024-06-14
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:銘傳大學
系所名稱:國際事務碩士學位學程
學門:社會及行為科學學門
學類:國際事務學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2024
畢業學年度:112
語文別:英文
論文頁數:61
外文關鍵詞:United StatesChinaNuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)Nuclear Non-Proliferation (NPT)Institutional statecraft
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This thesis investigates how the United States (U.S.) and China leverage membership in the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) to advance their national interests and contribute to the discourse on non-proliferation. Grounded in offensive realism, the study explores the theories of institutional statecraft and economic statecraft to analyze their strategic behaviors. The inclusion of case studies involving India and Pakistan, aspiring NSG members, adds depth to the analysis. Employing a single-case design and triangulating data from various perspectives, the paper utilizes a thematic analysis method to draw insights from official documents, statements, and expert opinions. The findings reveal that the U.S. advocates for NSG membership to secure a regional ally, bolster its geopolitical influence, and create American jobs. Conversely, China's support for Pakistan, though less explicit, aims to counterbalance India’s and U.S. regional influence. As strategic competition intensifies, understanding superpowers' roles in the NSG is crucial for anticipating future trends and formulating effective policies.
Abstract i
List of Tables iv
List of Figures v
List of Acronyms vi
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Research Motivation 1
1.2 Background 3
1.3 Research goal, objectives, and questions 6
1.4 Scope and Limitations 7
Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature 8
2.1 The offensive realist theory 8
2.2 Strategic Governance: Navigating Institutions and Economics 11
2.2.1 Institutional Statecraft 11
2.2.2 Economic statecraft 16
Chapter 3 Methodology 19
3.1 Data collection method 19
3.2 Analytical Framework 20
3.3 Data Analysis Method 20
Chapter 4 Findings and Analysis 22
4.1 Discussion of Findings 22
4.1.1 NSG statements 25
4.1.2 U.S. statements 29
4.1.3 China’s statements 37
4.1.4 NGO statements 39
4.2 Analysis 42
4.2.1 U.S. statements and thematic analysis 42
4.2.2 China statements and thematic analysis 44
Chapter 5 Conclusions and Recommendations 47
5.1 Conclusions 47
5.2 Limitations 48
5.3 Recommendations for Further Research 48
References 49
Appendix 54


Books
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Journal Articles
Alam, Khalid Mehmood, Saranjam Baig, and Faqeer Muhammad, 2023. "China-Pakistan economic corridor: an alternative trade route." Essays and Perspectives on the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and Beyond, 62-72.
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Babina, Tania, Benjamin Hilgenstock, Oleg Itskhoki, Maxim Mironov, and Elina Ribakova. 2023. “Assessing the Impact of International Sanctions on Russian Oil Exports.” Social Science Research Network, January. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4366337.
Blanchard, Jean‐Marc F., and Norrin M. Ripsman. 1999. “Asking the Right Question:When Do economic Sanctions Work Best?” Security Studies 9 (1–2): 219–53. https://doi.org/10.1080/09636419908429400.
Blanchard, Jean-Marc F., and Norrin M. Ripsman. 2008. “A Political Theory of Economic Statecraft.” Foreign Policy Analysis 4 (4): 371–98. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-8594.2008.00076.x.
Carina, Van de Wetering, 2016. “Changing US foreign policy toward India: US-India relations since the Cold War” Springer.
Dueck Colin, “The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. John Mearsheimer. New York: W.W. Norton, 2001. Survival 44, no. 3 (September 1, 2002): 150–51, https://doi.org/10.1093/survival/44.3.150.
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Ikenberry, G. John, and Darren Lim. 2017. “China’s Emerging Institutional Statecraft the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the Prospects for Counter-hegemony.” Brookings, January. https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/handle/1885/217906.
Ikenberry, G. John, and John J. Mearsheimer. 2001. “The Tragedy of Great Power Politics.” Foreign Affairs 80 (6): 173. https://doi.org/10.2307/20050342.
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Jervis, Robert. 1982. “Deterrence and Perception.” International Security 7 (3): 3. https://doi.org/10.2307/2538549.
Kate, Heinzelman. 2008. "Towards Common Interests and Responsibilities: The US-India Civil Nuclear Deal and the International Nonproliferation Regime." Yale J. Int'l L. 33 447.
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Mason, Henry L. 1974. “Toward a Politics of the Planet Earth. By Harold Sprout and Margaret Sprout.The American Political Science Review 68 (2): 883–84. https://doi.org/10.2307/1959638.
Mearsheimer, John J. “Back to the Future: Instability in Europe after the Cold War.” International Security 15, no. 1 (1990): 5–56. https://doi.org/10.2307/2538981.
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Miles, M., and Huberman A. 1994. “Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook.” Journal of Environmental Psychology 14 (4): 336–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0272-4944(05)80231-2.
North, Douglass C., and Robert Paul Thomas. 1970. “An Economic Theory of the Growth of the Western World.” Economic History Review 23 (1): 1. https://doi.org/10.2307/2594560.
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News Website
BBC, 2015. “Obama: US and India can be ‘best partners’.” Accessed June 29, 2024 https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-30995988
Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation, Double Standards & Pakistan’s Quest for Nuclear Power, April 05, 2010, Accessed June 29, 2024 https://armscontrolcenter.org/double-standards-pakistans-quest-for-nuclear-power/
Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation, India Moving Forward on Nuclear Energy, February 24, 2010, Accessed June 29, 2024 https://armscontrolcenter.org/india-moving-forward-on-nuclear-energy/
Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation, U.S.-India Nuclear Ties: More Exceptions & Inconsistencies?, November 15, 2010, Accessed June 29, 2024 https://armscontrolcenter.org/u-s-india-nuclear-ties-more-exceptions-inconsistencies/
De Luca Andrea, “Outreach.” Nuclear Suppliers Group. Accessed June 27, 2024. https://www.nuclearsuppliersgroup.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=39&Itemid=222&lang=en#:~:text=2021-,1974,peaceful%20purposes%20could%20be%20misused.
Korhonen Iikka. “Sanctions against Russia: what have been the effects so far?” June 22, 2023. Accessed June 29, 2024 https://www.economicsobservatory.com/sanctions-against-russia-what-have-been-the-effects-so-far
Mearsheimer, John J. “India Needs The Bomb.” The New York Times. Accessed March 24, 2000. Accessed June 29, 2024 https://www.nytimes.com/2000/03/24/opinion/india-needs-the-bomb.html.
Nuclear Engineering International. “US reaffirms support for Indian membership of Nuclear Suppliers Group.” Accessed June 27, 2023. https://www.neimagazine.com/news/newsus-reaffirms-support-for-indian-membership-of-nuclear-suppliers-group-10967702
Polgreen L. AND Landler M., “Obama Is Not Likely to Push India Hard on Pakistan”, November 05, 2016, Accessed June 29, 2024 https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/06/world/asia/06india.html?_r=2
Spang, C. S., “US Slams Pakistani Firms with Sanctions for Nuclear Trade”, Voice of America, March 26, 2018, Accessed June 29, 2024 https://www.voanews.com/a/us-slams-pakistan-companies-sanctions-nuclear-trade/4317189.html
Xiaoqiang, F., “Beijing could support India’s NSG accession path if it plays by rules”, Global Times, June 16, 2016, Accessed June 29, 2024 https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/988607.shtml
World Nuclear Association, Nuclear Power in Pakistan, April 2, 2024. Accessed June 29, 2024 https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-o-s/pakistan

Archives
Embassy of the People’s Republic of China in the Federal Republic of Nigeria, Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Hong Lei's Remarks on Issues Related to Enlargement of NSG, Published June 12, 2016, Accessed June 29, 2024 http://ng.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/fyrth/201606/t20160612_7057286.htm
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General Distr. “Information Circular.” International Atomic Energy Agency. Published July 1992, Accessed June 29, 2024 https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/infcirc254r1p2.pdf
General Distr. “Information Circular.” International Atomic Energy Agency. Published November 13 2013, Accessed June 29, 2024 https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/1978/infcirc254r12p1.pdf.
International Atomic Energy Agency, Communication dated 10 September 2008 received from the Permanent Mission of Germany to the Agency regarding a "Statement on Civil Nuclear Cooperation with India" ,Published September 19, 2008, Accessed June 29, 2024 https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/2008/infcirc734c.pdf
Ministry of External Affairs Government of India, Spokesperson's comments on NSG Plenary meeting in Seoul, Published June 24, 2016, Accessed June 29, 2024 https://www.mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/26949/Spokespersons+comments+on+NSG+Plenary+meeting+in+Seoul
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Joint Statement between the People's Republic of China and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan on Strengthening China-Pakistan All-Weather Strategic Cooperative Partnership and Building Closer China-Pakistan Community of Shared Future in the New Era, Published November 04, 2018, Accessed June 29, 2024 https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/wjdt_665385/2649_665393/201811/t20181104_679546.html
Nuclear Supplier Group, Extraordinary Plenary Meeting Vienna, Published September 4-6, 2008, Accessed June 29, 2024 https://www.nsg-online.org/images/Sep_2008_Public_Statement_Consensus.pdf
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White House Archives, Statement of Administration Policy H.R. 5682 - United States and India Nuclear Cooperation Promotion Act of 2006, Published July 26, 2006, Accessed June 29, 2024 https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/omb/legislative/sap/109-2/hr5682sap-h.pdf
White House Archives, U.S.-India Joint Statement, Published September 30, 2014, Accessed June 29, 2024 https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2014/09/30/us-India-joint-statement


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