臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在物聯網迅速發展的背景下，各類電子產品與應用日新月異，將各種設備透過網路相連接，實現智慧化控制和資料交換成為必要。其中，對無線裝置的能源供應成為了關鍵技術挑戰。
傳統的WPT系統採用非輻射性WPT方法，在距離上存在明確上限，並且存在線圈對準的嚴格限制，不利於許多場合的開發與應用。本研究之微波充電系統採用微波功率傳輸(MPT)方法，此類方法具備更長距離傳輸與穿透性強等優點，適合後續開發可攜帶設備與醫療植入物之應用。所提出之系統透過微波的電磁輻射將能量從來源端（一次側）傳輸至負載端（二次側）進行儲能。二次側的通訊設備可以藉由儲存的電能啟動並將其中所包含的資料與訊息回傳至一次側。
過去的結合了資訊傳輸功能的微波充電研究中，需要額外的天線裝置方能完成資訊傳輸，大幅佔用空間。本研究之特色在於微波充電與通訊功能皆工作於同一操作頻率，並設計使二次側僅需使用一組天線，可有效減少所需的佔用空間，這對於醫療植入物的開發尤為重要。且本研究之系統工作頻率為2.418GHz，遵循國際電信聯盟提出的無線電規則指定的超高頻ISM頻段(2.4 - 2.5GHz)。包含Wi-Fi、藍芽在內的各項常用無線區域網路技術適用於該頻段，因此具備更好的通用性與應用前景。

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), connecting various devices through networks for smart control and data exchange has become essential. Energy supply for wireless devices is a key technical challenge.
Traditional Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) systems using non-radiative methods have clear distance limits and strict coil alignment requirements, which hinder their development and application in many scenarios. This thesis proposes a microwave power transfer (MPT) system, which offers longer transmission distances and stronger penetration, making it suitable for portable devices and medical implants. The system transfers energy from the source (primary side) to the load (secondary side) via microwave electromagnetic radiation for energy storage. The secondary side communication device can use the stored energy to activate and transmit data back to the primary side.
Previous research on microwave charging with data transmission required additional antennas, occupying significant space. This thesis features both microwave charging and communication at the same operating frequency, with the secondary side designed to use a single transceiver antenna, effectively reducing space requirements—critical for medical implants. The system operates at 2.418GHz, within the ultra-high frequency ISM band (2.4 - 2.5GHz) designated by ITU radio regulations. Common wireless technologies like Wi-Fi and Bluetooth operate in this band, offering better compatibility and application prospects.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
Contents iii
List of Figures v
List of Tables ix
Chapter 1. Introduction 1
1.1 Overview 1
1.2 Literature Review 2
1.3 Research Motivation and Objectives 3
1.4 Contribution 5
1.5 Overview 6
Chapter 2. WPT Technology 7
2.1 Classifications of WPT System 9
2.1.1 Near-Field WPT 9
2.1.2 Far-Field WPT 12
2.2 Microwave Power Transmission 15
Chapter 3. MPT System 17
3.1 MPT Architecture 19
3.2 Antenna Basic Introduction 20
3.2.1 Frequency Bandwidth 20
3.2.2 Antenna Gain 20
3.2.3 VSWR 22
3.2.4 Polarization 22
3.3 Matching Network Principle 24
3.4 Basic RF-DC Rectifier Architecture 29
3.4.1 Half-Wave Voltage Doubler Circuit 29
3.4.2 Full-Wave Voltage Doubler Circuit 31
3.4.3 Cockcroft-Walton Charge Pump Circuit 34
3.4.4 Dickson Charge Pump Circuit 34
3.5 Rectifier Components 37
3.5.1 Microstrip Line 37
3.5.2 Schottky Diode 38
3.5.3 Filter Capacitor 41
3.5.4 Load Resistance 41
3.6 Data Transmission 42
3.6.1 RF Circulator 42
3.6.2 Wi-Fi Technology 43
3.6.3 WebSocket Protocol 45
Chapter 4. System Design 48
4.1 System Hardware 48
4.2 Design of RF-DC Rectifier 54
4.3 System Software 61
4.4 Summary of Operation 62
Chapter 5. Experimental Results 64
5.1 RF-DC Rectifier Measurement 64
5.2 System Experiment & Result 70
Chapter 6. Conclusions 83
References 85

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