臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　目的：探討滑板運動參與者運動正念、心理堅韌性與心流體驗之關係。方法： 以國內15歲以上曾參與滑板運動者為受測對象。取樣方法為立意取樣和滾雪球取樣，使用電子問卷在滑板場與線上社群收集滑板參與者性別、年齡、板齡、玩板頻率與玩板時最常所處的場地類型等背景變項，還有運動正念、心理堅韌性和心流體驗知覺程度。初始得 452份問卷，在剔除無效樣本後對剩餘 393有效樣本進行獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析與多元逐步迴歸分析，藉以了解滑板運動參與者三個心理變項間 差異情形與變項間的解釋力關係。結果 本研究發現男性在心理堅韌性和心流體驗的知覺上顯著高於女性，而不同年齡群體在運動正念、心理堅韌性和心流體驗方面並無顯著差異 具有 10-14年板齡的滑板者在心理堅韌性和心流體驗方面明顯優於板齡不到 5年的者；此外，每週玩板次數平均四次以上的參與者在心理堅韌性和心流體驗方面也顯著高於每週玩板次數少於四次的參與者 在場地類型方面，經常在滑板場玩板的人的心流體驗明顯高於在其他場地玩板的人。從變項間的相互影響來看，運動正念的子構念「注意力控制」對心理堅韌性解釋力達 28.8%，另對心流體驗 解釋力達39.9%，而心理堅韌性則 對心流體驗解釋力達最後，心理堅韌性和運動正念的子構念「注意力控制」兩者共同解釋心流體驗61.7%變異量，惟心理堅韌性的影響力較大。結論本研究確認了運動正念、心理堅韌性和心流體驗在滑板運動參與者中密切相互影響，尤其心理堅韌性在這三者關係中起到了最為關鍵的解釋作用 且此三種心理構念在不同背景變項之間具有差異。

　　Objective: To explore the relationship among mindfulness, mental toughness and flow experience in skateboarding participants. Methods: The study targeted skateboarders aged 15 and above in Taiwan. Purposive and snowball sampling methods were used, and electronic questionnaires were distributed both online and at skate parks. The questionnaires collected demographic information, as well as perceptions of mindfulness, mental toughness, and flow experience. A total of 452 questionnaires were initially collected, and after eliminating invalid samples, 393 valid samples were analyzed using independent sample t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results: This study found that males have significantly higher perceptions of mental toughness and flow experience than females. There were no significant differences in mindfulness, mental toughness, and flow experience among different age groups. Skateboarders with 10-14 years of experience showed significantly higher levels of mental toughness and flow experience compared to those with less than 5 years of experience. Additionally, participants who skateboard more than four times a week also had significantly higher levels of mental toughness and flow experience compared to those who skateboard less than four times a week. In terms of location, those who frequently skateboard at skate parks had significantly higher levels of flow experience compared to those who skateboard at other locations. The mindfulness sub-construct "attention control" explained 28.8% of the variance in mental toughness and 39.9% of the variance in flow experience. Mental toughness alone explained 53.7% of the variance in flow experience. Lastly, mental toughness and the mindfulness sub-construct "attention control" together account for 61.7% of the variance in flow experience, with mental toughness having a greater impact. Conclusion: This study confirms the close interrelationship among mindfulness, mental toughness, and flow experience in skateboard participants, particularly highlighting the key explanatory role of mental toughness. Moreover, these three psychological constructs show variations across different demographic variables.

謝誌　I
摘要　II
英文摘要　III
目錄　IV
圖目錄　VI
表目錄　VII

第壹章　緒論　1
　第一節　研究背景與動機　1
　第二節　研究目的　4
　第三節　研究問題　4
　第四節　名詞釋義　5
第貳章　文獻探討　9
　第一節　滑板介紹　9
　第二節　正念意義與發展概述　22
　第三節　心理堅韌性之意義與發展概述　29
　第四節　心流體驗之意義與發展概述　32
　第五節　運動正念、心理堅韌性及心流體驗之相關研究　40
　第六節　文獻總結　46
第參章　研究方法　49
　第一節　研究架構與研究假設　49
　第二節　研究流程　51
　第三節　研究對象與抽樣　53
　第四節　研究工具　54
　第五節　資料處理方法　61
第肆章　結果　63
　第一節　滑板運動參與者現況分析　63
　第二節　不同背景變項在運動正念、心理堅韌性及心流體驗之差異情形　68
　第三節　運動正念對於心理堅韌性的解釋力　91
　第四節　運動正念對於心流體驗各層面及整體的解釋力　93
　第五節　心理堅韌性對於心流體驗各層面與整體的解釋力　103
　第六節　運動正念與心理堅韌性對於心流體驗的聯合解釋力　104
第伍章　討論　117
　第一節　滑板運動參與者現況討論 117
　第二節　不同背景變項在在運動正念、心理堅韌性及心流體驗之差異情形　118
　第三節　運動正念、心理堅韌性及心流體驗彼此的解釋力之討論 124
第陸章　結論與建議　133
　第一節　結論　133
　第二節　建議　136
參考文獻　141
附錄　151
　附錄一：滑板人之正念、心理堅韌性與心流體驗正式問卷　151
　附錄二：量表作者同意授權證明　160

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