臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究旨在探討職場關係品質、工作情緒與員工福祉之間的關聯性，並進一
步檢視組織支持及團隊合作如何作為中介之影響關係。
研究對象設定為20 歲以上具備正職工作經驗之職場工作者，並將問券依自
變項、中介變項、依變項分為三個階段，以減少填答者作答時的印象偏誤，同時
為方便發放及受測者填答全程使用網路問卷平台進行發放與收集，最終收回441
份有效問卷。本研究結論摘要如下：
1. 女性較男性對於工作壓力反應感知更為敏感。
2. 良好的職場關係品質能有效增進員工的福祉感及營造正面的工作情緒
3. 正向工作情緒有助於平衡工作與生活；然而，若個人與主管間的關係過於良
好，可能會影響工作與私生活之間的平衡。
4. 感知到較高程度的組織支持能夠減輕工作壓力，並促進工作幸福感與生活滿
意度的提升；缺乏組織支持時，即使職場關係品質良好，也可能不足以全面
提升員工福祉。
5. 團隊合作對於緩解工作壓力、改善工作與生活的平衡，以及提高生活滿意度
具有正面影響。

This study aims to explore the relationship between the quality of workplace
relationships, work emotions, and employee well-being. It further examines how
organizational support and teamwork serve as mediating factors in this relationship.
The research subjects were set as workplace workers aged 20 and above with fulltime
work experience. The questionnaire was divided into three stages based on
independent variables, mediating variables, and dependent variables to reduce response
bias. For convenience in distribution and response, an online questionnaire platform was
used for the entire process, ultimately collecting 441 valid questionnaires. The summary
of the study''s conclusions is as follows:
1. Women are more sensitive than men to perceived work stress responses.
2. Good quality workplace relationships can effectively enhance employees'' sense of
well-being and create positive work emotions.
3. Positive work emotions help balance work and life; however, if the relationship
between the individual and their supervisor is too good, it may affect the balance
between work and personal life.
4. A high degree of perceived organizational support can alleviate work stress and
promote improvements in work happiness and life satisfaction. In the absence of
organizational support, even good quality workplace relationships may not be
sufficient to comprehensively enhance employee well-being.
5. Teamwork positively impacts alleviating work stress, improving the balance
between work and life, and increasing life satisfaction.

目 錄
論文審定書 i
致謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機 1
第二節 研究目的 2
第三節 研究流程 3
第二章 文獻回顧 4
第一節 職場關係品質 4
第二節 工作情緒 6
第三節 組織支持 8
第四節 團隊合作 10
第五節 員工福祉 11
第三章 研究方法 19
第一節 研究架構與假設 19
第二節 研究流程 25
第三節 研究量表 29
第四章 研究分析 31
第一節 樣本敘述性統計 31
第二節 量表信度分析 33
第三節 共同方法變異檢測 34
第四節 差異性分析 35
第五節 相關性分析 37
第四節 中介效果檢定 41
第六節 假設檢定 46
第五章 結論與建議 48
第ㄧ節 研究結論 48
第二節 管理意涵 51
第三節 研究限制與未來研究建議 52
參考文獻 53
附錄 62

中文文獻
王淳盈（2005）。社會支持與控制信念對花蓮縣吉安鄉東昌村阿美族與漢族老人之生活滿意度的影響。慈濟大學，未出版，花蓮。
江麗美譯，Gerard Hargreaves原著，有效壓力管理，台北：智庫文化。
吳年章（2008）。國民小學教師情緒能力、自我效能與身心健康之相關研究。國立嘉義大學國民教育研究所碩士論文，未出版，嘉義。
吳婉瑜（2011）。知覺組織支持、幸福感與工作績效之關聯-以工作態度為調節變項（未出版碩士論文）。國立臺灣大學管理學院商學研究所，臺北市。
李弘暉、鍾麗英（1999）。團隊運作過程對團隊績效影響之研究。人力資源學報，11，1-30。
李晶,&馬上鈞.（2011）。個人工作壓力因應於休閒活動之研究 —以台灣地區職工為例。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告，台北市。
林可凡（2022）。焦點解決思維、希望感、創造思考與生活滿意度之關聯性研究（未出版碩士論文）。國立臺灣師範大學教育學院教育心理與輔導學系，台北市。
林惠彥、陸洛、吳珮瑀、吳婉瑜（2012）。快樂的員工更有生產力嗎？組織支持 與工作態度之雙重影響。中華心理學刊，54（4），451-469。
胡雯淋（2023）。人資工作者多向度適配、工作滿意度及生活滿意度之探究（未出版碩士論文）。國立嘉義大學輔導與諮商學系研究所，嘉義市。
高旭繁、陸洛. （2011），作壓力及其後果的組群差異：以OSI 模式為理論基礎之大樣本分析. 臺大管理論叢, 22（1）, 239–272.
張春興（2006）。張氏心理學辭典重訂版。臺北:東華書局股份有限公司。
張雅萍（2014）。人格特質、組織變革認知、職場關係品質、工作績效（碩士論文）。 國立高雄應用科技大學人力資源發展系碩士論文，高雄市。
張翼丞，2010，臺中市國小教師情緒智慧、自我效能與職業倦怠之相關研究，未出版碩士論文，逢甲大學公共政策研究所，臺中市。
張競成. （2019）. 工作幸福感文獻回顧. 科技與人力教育季刊, 6（2）, 18-31.
陳建丞（2008）。員工知覺的組織支持與工作績效間的中介模型研究。管理學報， 25（3），309-331。
陳書梅，2010，讀者服務館員負面工作情緒之實證研究－以公共圖書館為例，圖書 資訊學刊，8 （1），59 -96。
陳儷文 （2006）。臺北市單身者的寂寞感與生活滿意度之相關研究。文化大學生活應用科學研究所碩士在職專班碩士論文，臺北市。
陸洛, & 高淑芳. （1999）. 主管工作壓力的族群差異：個人背景, 工作與職業因素. 中華心理衛生學刊》（台灣）, 12, 23-66.
陸洛，「工作壓力之歷程：理論與研究的對話」，中華心理衛生學刊，第10卷 第4期，民國86年，頁19-51。
陸洛、李惠美、謝天渝，「牙醫師職業壓力與身心健康及職業倦怠之關係：以 高雄市牙醫師為例」，應用心理研究，第27期，民國94年，頁59-80。
陸洛. （1997）. 工作壓力之歷程：理論與研究的對話. 中華心理衛生學刊》（台灣）, 10, 19-51.
董氏基金會心理衛生中心. （2022, September 30）. 工作壓力男女大不同？. 董氏基金會華文心理健康網. https://www.etmh.org/Services/show_more?id=c0035e0ea3e84b6e9a0e33f95f65f902
蔡三榮（2010）。組織成員信任、職場關係品質與工作績效之研究-以臺北縣政府消防局為例（碩士論文）。私立世新大學行政管理學系，台北市。
鄭釗仁、許世卿（2017）。情緒智商對創新行為之影響：探討團隊合作的中介效果。 創造學刊，8，2，19-31。
 
英文文獻
American Psychological Association. （2013）. APA survey finds US employers unresponsive to employee needs. the Internet：http://www. apa. org/news/press/releases/2013/03/employee-needs. aspx.
Anonymous, “Office Workers Say Job Stress Causes Physical Problems,” ISHN, Vol.40, Iss. 12, Dec, 2006, p.8.
Argyris, C. （1960）. Understanding organizational behavior.
Bakker, A. B., & Oerlemans, W. G. （2011）. Subjective well-being in organizations.
Bardasi, E., & Francesconi, M. （2004）. The impact of atypical employment on individual wellbeing：evidence from a panel of British workers. Social Science & Medicine, 58（9）, 1671-1688.
Beehr, T. A., & Newman, J. E. （1978）. Job stress, employee health, and organizational effectiveness：A facet analysis, model, and literature review 1. Personnel psychology, 31（4）, 665-699.
Berman, E. M., West, J. P., & Richter, M. N., Jr. （2002）. Workplace relations：Friendship patterns and consequences （according to managers）. Public Administration Review, 62（2）, 217–230
Blanchflower, D. G., & Oswald, A. J. （1998）. What makes an entrepreneur?. Journal of Labor Economics, 16（1）, 26-60.
Blau, P. （1964） Exchange and Power in Social Life. Wiley, New York, NY, USA. Chidambaram, L., & Tung, L. L. （2005）. Is out of sight, out of mind? An empirical study of social loafing in technology-supported groups. Information Systems Research, 16（2）, 149–168.
Brief, A. P., & Nord, W. R. （1990）. Work and meaning：Definitions and interpretations. In A. P. Brief & W. R. Nord （Eds.）, Meanings of occupational work：A collection of essays, 1-19）.
Cameron, K. S., Bright, D., & Caza, A. （2004）. Exploring the relationships between organizational virtuousness and performance. American Behavioral Scientist, 47（6）, 766-790.
Caplan, R. D., Cobb, S., & French Jr., J. R. P. （1975）. Relationships of cessation of smoking with job stress, personality, and social support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60, 211-219.
Carlisle, D., “Pilot Stress and What To Do About It ?” Flight Safety , Vol.31, 2002, pp.24-28.
Chen, Z. X., Tsui, A. S., & Farh, J. L. （2002）. Loyalty to supervisor vs. organizational commitment：Relationships to employee performance in China. Journal of occupational and organizational psychology, 75（3）, 339-356.
Clark, A. E., & Oswald, A. J. （1996）. Satisfaction and comparison income. Journal of Public Economics, 61（3）, 359-381.
Clark, S. C. （2000）. Work/family border theory：A new theory of work/family balance. Human Relations, 53（6）, 747-770
Cohen, S. G., & Bailey, D. E. (1997). What Makes Teams Work：Group Effectiveness Research from the Shop Floor to the Executive Suite. Journal of Management, 23(3), 239-290.
Cooper, C. L., & Marshall, J. （1978）. Sources of Managerial Stress and White Collar Stress. In C. L. Cooper & R. Payne （Eds.）, Stress at Work, New York：Wiley.
Cooper, C. L., Sloan, S. J., & Williams, S., Occupational Stress Indicator Management Guide, Windsor：NFER-Nelson, 1988.
D’Acci, L. （2011）. Measuring well-being and progress. Social Indicators Research, 104（1）, 47-65.
Daniels, K., Brough, P., Guppy, A., Peters-Bean, K. M., & Weatherstone, L. （1997）. A note on modification to Warr''s measures of affective well-being at work. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 70（2）, 129–138
Danna, K., & Griffin, R. W. （1999）. Health and well-being in the workplace：A review and synthesis of the literature. Journal of management, 25（3）, 357-384.
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. （1985）. The Satisfaction With Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49（1）, 71–75.
Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective well-being：Three decades of progress. Psychological bulletin, 125(2), 276.
DOI:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195332919.003.0007
Easterlin, R. A. （1995）. Will raising the incomes of all increase the happiness of all?. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 27（1）, 35-47.
Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived Organizational Support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 500-507.
Fairbrother, K., & Warn, J. （2003）. Workplace dimensions, stress and job satisfaction. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18（1）, 8-21.
French, J.R. and Kahn, R.L. （1962） A Programmatic Approach to Studying the Industrial Environment and Mental Health. Journal of Social Issues, 18, 1-47.
Gavin, J. H., & Mason, R. O. （2004）. The Virtuous Organization:：The Value of Happiness in the Workplace. Organizational Dynamics, 33（4）, 379-392.
Graen, G. B., & Cashman, J. F. （1975）. A role-making model of leadership in organizations：A development approach. In J. G. Hunt, & L. L. Larson （Eds.）, Leadership Frontiers. Kent, OH：Kent State University Press.
Greenhaus, J. H., & Allen, T. D. （2011）. Work-family balance：A review and extension of the literature. Handbook of occupational health psychology, 2, 165-183.
Hackman, J. R., & Lawler, E. E. （1971）. Employee reactions to job characteristics. Journal of Applied Psychology, 55（3）, 259.
Harris, O. J., & Hartman, S. J. （2001）. Organizational behavior. Psychology Press.
Harris, P. H. & Harris, K. G. （1996）. Managing effectively through teams. Team Performance Management：An International Journal, 2（3）, pp. 23-36.
Hayman, J. 2005. Psychometric Assessment of an Instrument Designed to Measure Work Life Balance. Research and Practice in Human Resource Management 13 （1）：85-91
Heisel, M. J., & Flett, G. L. （2004）. Purpose in life, satisfaction with life, and suicide ideation in a clinical sample. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26（2）, 127–135.
Homans, G. C.（1974）. Elementary Forms of Social Behavior, 2nd Ed, New York：Harcourt Brace Jovanovich
Jacobs, B. J. （1979）. A preliminary model of particularistic ties in China political alliances:Kan-ching and kuan-his in a rural Taiwanese township. China Quarterly, 78, 237-273.
Jamal, M. （1990）. Relationship of job stress and type-A behavior to employees’ job satisfaction, organizational commitment, psychosomatic health problems, and turnover motivation. Human Relations, 43, 727-738.
Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. （1978）. Organizations and the system concept. Classics of organization theory, 80（480）, 27.
Kickul, J. R., Neuman, G., Parker, C., & Finkl, J. （2001）. Settling the score：The role of organizational justice in the relationship between psychological contract breach and anticitizenship behavior. Employee responsibilities and rights journal, 13, 77-93.
Kumar, N., Scheer, L. K., & Steenkamp, K. B. （1995）. The effects of supplier fairness on vulnerable resellers. Jounal of Marketing Research, 32, 54-65.
Lazarus, R. S. （1991）. Emotion and adaptation. Oxford University Press.
Lazarus, R. S. （1999）. Hope：An emotion and a vital coping resource against despair. Social research, 653-678.
Levinson, H. （1965）. Reciprocation：the relationship between man and organization. Administrative Science Quarterly, 9, pp.370-390.
Liden, R. C., & Graen, G. （1980）. Generalizability of the vertical dyad linkage model of leadership. Academy of Management Journal, 23, 451-465.
Liden, R. C., & Graen, G. （1980）. Generalizability of the vertical dyad linkage model of leadership. Academy of Management Journal, 23, 451-465.
Lourel, M., Ford, M. T., Gamassou, C. E., Guéguen, N., & Hartmann, A. （2009）. Negative and positive spillover between work and home：Relationship to perceived stress and job satisfaction. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 24（5）, 438–449.
Luttmer, E. F. （2005）. Neighbors as negatives：Relative earnings and well-being. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 120（3）, 963-1002.
Margolis, B. L., Krose, W. H., & Ownn, R. P., “Job Stress An Unlisted Occupational Hazard,” Journal of Occupational Medicine, Vol.16, 1974, pp.245-258
McGrath,J. E. （1976）, Stress and Behavior in Organization, Handbook of Industrial and Organization Psychology, Chicago：Rand McNally.
Mishra, B.K. and Rajamani, R.K. （1992） The Discrete Element Method for the Simulation of Ball Mills. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 16, 598-604.
Nielsen, I. K., Jex, S. M., & Adams, G. A. （2000）. Development and validation of scores on a two-dimensional workplace friendship scale. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 60（4）, 628-643.
Nosek, J. T. （2004）. Group cognition as a basis for supporting group knowledge creation and sharing. Journal of Knowledge Management, 8（4）, 3-18.
O''Driscoll, M. P. （1996）. The interface between job and off-job roles：enhancement and conflict. International review of industrial and organizational psychology, 11, 279-306.
Organ, D. W., & Konovsky, M. （1989）. Cognitive versus affective determinants of organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of applied psychology, 74（1）, 157.
Pavot, W., & Diener, E. （1993）. Review of the satisfaction with life scale. Psychological assessment, 5, 164–172.
Pearce, J. A., & Robbins, D. K. （1994）. Retrenchment remains the foundation of business turnaround. Strategic Management Journal, 15（5）, 407-417.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. （2003）. Common method biases in behavioral research：a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of applied psychology, 88（5）, 879
Qudsyi, H., Sholeh, A., & Afsari, N. （2020, February）. Life satisfaction among college students：The role of self-monitoring through peer education. In International Conference on Educational Psychology and Pedagogy-" Diversity in Education"（ICEPP 2019） （pp. 95-100）. Atlantis Press.
Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived Organizational Support：A Review of the Literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 698-714.
Robertson, I. T., & Flint‐Taylor, J. （2008）. Leadership, psychological well‐being, and organizational outcomes.
Rousseau, V., Aube, C., & Savoie, A. （2006）. Teamwork behaviors：A review and an integration of frameworks. Small Group Research, 37, 540–570.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. （2000）. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55（1）, 68.
Salas E., T. L. Dickinson, & S. A. Converse. （1992）. ‘‘Toward an Understanding of Team Performance and Training.’’ In Teams：Their Training and Performance, edited by R. W. Swezey and E. Salas, pp. 3–29. Norwood, NJ：Ablex.
Selye, H., The Stress of Life, New York：McGraw-Hill, 1956.
Shaver, P., Schwartz, J., Kirson, D., & O''connor, C. （1987）. Emotion knowledge：further exploration of a prototype approach. Journal of personality and social psychology, 52（6）, 1061.
Shonk, James H. （1982）. Working in teams：A practical manual for improving work groups. AMACOM, New York.
Sias, P.M., Krone, K.J., & Jablin, F.M. （2002）. An ecological systems perspective on workplace relationships. Handbook of interpersonal communication, 3, 615-642.
Smith, J. B. （1998）. Buyer–seller relationships：similarity, relationship management, and quality. Psychology & Marketing, 15（1）, 3-21.
Smyth, J. M., Zawadzki, M. J., Juth, V., & Sciamanna, C. N. （2017）. Global life satisfaction predicts ambulatory affect, stress, and cortisol in daily life in working adults. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 40, 320–331.
Staines, G. L. （1980）. Spillover versus compensation：A review of the literature on the relationship between work and nonwork. Human relations, 33（2）, 111-129.
Swathi, V., & Reddy, M. S. （2016）. Stress among working women：A literature review. International Journal of Computational Engineering & Management, 19（4）, 2230-7893.
Veenhoven, R. （1984）. Conditions of Happiness. Dordrecht：Springer.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. （1988）. Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect：the PANAS scales.
Weber, L., & Shellenbarger, S. （2010, March 5）. Office Stress：His vs. Hers. THE WALL STREET JOURNAL. https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324678604578340332290414820
West, M. A., & Anderson, N. R. (1996). Innovation in Top Management Teams. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(6), 680-693.
Xanthopoulou, D., Bakker, A. B., & Ilies, R. （2012）. Everyday working life：Explaining within-person fluctuations in employee well-being. Human relations, 65（9）, 1051-1069.
Zajonc, R. B. （1984）. On the primacy of affect.
Zedeck, S. （1992）. Introduction：Exploring the domain of work and family concerns.
Zedeck, S., & Mosier, K. L. （1990）. Work in the family and employing organization. American Psychologist, 45（2）, 240.
Zhao, S., Zhang, J., Liu, Y., Ji, H., & Lew, B. （2020）. The association between psychological strains and life satisfaction：Evidence from medical staff in China. Journal of Affective Disorders, 260, 105–110.
Zheng, X., Zhu, W., Zhao, H., & Zhang, C. （2015）. Employee well‐being in organizations：Theoretical model, scale development, and cross‐cultural validation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36（5）, 621-644.