臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

奈米材料的組裝對於其在實際應用方面尚有很大程度的影響，在本篇研究當中，我希望建立一種創新的一維材料組裝方法，透過朗謬爾薄膜來組裝奈米線形成微纖維，實驗結果顯示擁有高縱橫比及柔韌性的銅奈米線可以很好的透過此方法來形成微纖維，我隨後提出了對成形機制的假設，微纖維是依靠奈米線間作用例如凡德瓦爾力及纏結現象來使奈米線得以相互牽制進而組裝成微纖維，其中奈米材料的縱橫比變成為了決定奈米線是否能組裝的重要關鍵，從文獻中得知材料的柔韌性會很高程度決定於材料的厚度及長度。為了驗證此成形機制假設，我使用了另一種擁有低縱橫比的氧化鋅奈米線，實驗結果也與假設相互呼應。最後我提出結合兩種奈米線的方法，利用擁有高縱橫比的銅奈米線來當作主體，低縱橫比的氧化鋅奈米線則可以填充在其內部當作強化材料，如此便可彌補氧化鋅縱橫比不足的問題並成功使其與銅奈米線一同形成微纖維。

The arrangement of nanomaterials has a significant impact on their practical applications. In this study, I advanced an innovative method for assembling one-dimensional materials into microfibers of aligned constituents. I used Langmuir films to first isolate 1D nanomaterials into a 2D plane, then the nanowires can be reorganized into microfibers. Experimental results demonstrate that high aspect ratio and flexible copper nanowires can effectively form microfibers using this method. Subsequently, I hypothesized that the microfibers rely on interactions between the nanowires, such as van der Waals forces and entanglement phenomena, to restrain each other and assemble into microfibers. The aspect ratios of the nanomaterials become critical in determining whether a sample of nanowires can assemble via this method. To verify this forming mechanism, I combined a low aspect ratio nanowire zinc oxide nanorods with high aspect ratio copper nanowires to verify that microfibers can be drawn from Langmuir films as long as the average aspect-ratio reaches a threshold. This approach compensates for the insufficient aspect ratio of zinc oxide nanorods and successfully forms microfibers along with the copper nanowires.

論文審定書 i
中文摘要 ii
Abstract iii
List of Figures vii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Nanomaterial 1
1.1.1 Basic concepts and definitions of nanomaterials 1
1.1.2 Surface effect of nanomaterial 4
1.1.3 Quantum confinement effect of nanomaterial 5
1.1.4 Synthesis methods of nanomaterials 7
1.2 Nanomaterial assembly 10
1.2.1 Definition of assembly and basic concepts 10
1.2.2 Self-assembly and direct assembly 11
1.2.3 Different Methods to achieve direct assemble of nanomaterials 12
1.3 Entanglement within nanowires 13
1.3.1 Concepts of entanglement in polymer science 13
1.3.2 Similarities between nanowires and polymer chains 16
1.3.3 The flexibility of nanowires 18
1.4 Langmuir film 23
1.4.1 History and basic concepts 23
1.4.2 Mechanism behind Langmuir film forming 24
1.4.3 Effect of surface pressure 26
1.5 Motivation 28
Chapter 2 Experiment 31
2.1 Chemicals 31
2.2 Sample preparation 32
2.2.1 Copper nanowire synthesis 32
2.2.2 Zinc oxide nanowire synthesis 34
2.2.3 Langmuir film deposition and fiber drawing of copper nanowire 35
2.2.3 Copper and zinc oxide nanowire dispersion 37
2.2.4 Langmuir film deposition and fiber drawing 38
2.2.5 Twisting microfiber yarn 40
2.3 Characterization 41
2.3.1 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM, ZEISS GeminiSEM 450) 41
2.3.3 Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) 44
2.3.4 Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) 44
2.3.5 X-ray diffractometer (XRD, Bruker XRD D2 PHASER) 46
2.3.6 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR, Nicolet iS50) 47
Chapter 3 Results and Discussion 48
3.1 Characterization of nanomaterials 48
3.1.1 Copper nanowire 48
3.1.2 Zinc oxide nanowire 55
3.2 Characterization of Langmuir-Blodgett film 59
3.2.1 Copper Langmuir-Blodgett film 59
3.2.2 Zinc oxide Langmuir-Blodgett film 63
3.3 Characterization of microfiber draw from Langmuir-Blodgett film 68
3.3.1 Copper microfiber 68
3.3.2 Surface pressure vs. fiber diameter 74
3.4 Processibility of microfiber 81
Chapter 4 Conclusion 83
Chapter 5 Future work 85
Chapter 6 Reference 86

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