臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要針對分布於臺灣的角魚科當中 4 個屬包括黑角魚屬
(Chelidonichthys)、鱗角魚屬(Lepidotrigla)、棘角魚屬(Pterygotrigla)和牛角魚屬
(Bovitrigla)作為形態分類研究類群。
本文針對以上物種檢閱了過去的文獻，整理更新及修正了國內標本資料(中
央研究院生物多樣性博物館、國立海洋生物博物館)和修正了以往的文獻資料，
並為臺灣的角魚科魚類進行了分類整理，研究提供了上述物種之形態數據、形
態描述、體色描述、地理分布、經濟利用、新鮮影像、酒精保存照、X 光骨骼
照及 4 個屬的分類檢索表，以作物種鑑定的依據，及日後相關研究參考，本研
究亦使用形態特徵與測量數據進行數值分類，產生表形聚類分析的相似度樹狀
圖，探討各屬種間的類緣關係。
臺灣文獻截至 2024 年共記錄 4 屬 18 種，本研究涵蓋 4 屬 21 種(包含 3 種未
描述種)角魚科魚類，共測量 170 尾標本，各屬魚種可透過形質測量、計數形
質、二態形質和色斑特徵分開，其中二態形質是最接近現階段分類的分析，因
各屬間的特徵非常明顯，棘角魚屬的三個亞屬都有區分開來，其次是計數形
質，因屬間差異最大的計數形質部分是背鰭軟條數。

This study mainly focuses on four genera of Triglidae distributed in Taiwan,
including Chelidonichthys, Lepidotrigla, Pterygotrigla and Bovitrigla, as
morphological classification research groups.
This article reviews the past literature on the above species, organizes, updates and
corrects the relevant data, and conducts a general arrangement and some revised data
for the Triglidae in Taiwan. The study provides the morphological data, morphological
description, Body color description, geographical distribution, economic utilization,
fresh images, alcohol preservation photos, X-ray skeleton photos and classification key
tables of four genera are used as the basis for crop species identification and as a
reference for future related research. This study also uses morphological characteristics
and the measurement data are numerically classified to generate phenotypic cluster
analysis and similarity dendrogram to explore the phylogenetic tree relationships
between genera and species.
As of 2024, Taiwanese literature documents a total of 18 species belonging to 4
genera, this study covers 21 species of Triglidae in 4 genera(including three undescribed
species), and a total of 170 specimens were measured. Fish species of each genus can
be separated by measured morphology, counted morphology, dimorphic morphology
and color pattern features, among which dimorphic morphology is the most complete
analysis , because the characteristics between each genera are very obvious, the three
subgenus of Pterygotrigla are all distinguished, followed by counting morphology,
because the part of counting morphology that has the greatest difference between genera
is the number of soft rays of the dorsal fin.

謝辭……………………………………………………………………………...……..I
摘要……………………………………………………………..…………………II-III
目錄………………………………………………………………………….…….IV-V
表目錄…………………………………………………………………….…….……VI
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………...……VII- VII I
壹、前言…………………………………………………………….………………1-2
貳、材料與方法…………………………………………………………………….3-6
參、結果
一、臺灣海域角魚科分類……………………………………………………...…...7
臺灣海域角魚科之屬間分類檢索表………………………………………....7
1. 牛角魚屬 Bovitrigla............................................................................................7
(1) 大棘牛角魚 Bovitrigla acanthomoplate.........................................................8
2. 黑角魚屬 Chelidonichthys..................................................................................8
臺灣海域黑角魚屬內種之分類檢索表..................................................................8
(1) 黑角魚 Chelidonichthys kumu...................................................................9-10
(2) 棘黑角魚 Chelidonichthys spinosus........................................................10-11
3. 鱗角魚屬 Lepidotrigla......................................................................................12
臺灣海域鱗角魚屬內種之分類檢索表...........................................................12-13
(1) 翼鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla alata.........................................................................13
(2) 貢氏鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla guentheri..............................................................14
(3) 姬鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla hime....................................................................15-16
(4) 日本鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla japonica..........................................................16-17
(5) 岸上氏鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla kishinouyi....................................................17-18
(6) 長吻鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla longifaciata..........................................................18
(7) 長胸鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla pectoralis........................................................18-19
(8) 臂斑鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla punctipectoralis..............................................19-20
(9) 未描述種鱗角魚 1 Lepidotrigla sp.1 .....................................................20-21
(10) 未描述種鱗角魚 2 Lepidotrigla sp.2 .........................................................21
(11) 未描述種鱗角魚 3 Lepidotrigla sp.3 ....................................................21-22
4. 棘角魚屬 Pterygotrigla....................................................................................23
臺灣海域棘角魚屬內種之分類檢索表................................................................23
(1) 粗棘角魚 Pterygotrigla (Pterygotrigla)cajorarori.......................................24
(2) 尖棘角魚 Pterygotrigla (Otohime) hemisticta.........................................24-25
(3) 長吻棘角魚 Pterygotrigla (Parapterygotrigla) macrorhynchus..................26
(4) 大眼棘角魚 Pterygotrigla (Parapterygotrigla) megalops........................…27
(5) 多斑棘角魚 Pterygotrigla (Parapterygotrigla) multiocellata.............…27-28
V
(6) 琉球棘角魚 Pterygotrigla (Pterygotrigla) ryukyuensis..........................28-29
(7) 太加拉棘角魚 Pterygotrigla (Otohime) tagala.......................................29-30
5.測量形質、計數與二態的聚類分析............................................................30-31
肆、討論...............................................................................................................32-34
一、種間存疑
(1)姬鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla hime 和大眼鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla oglina 為同種
可能性。
(2) 密點棘角魚 Pterygotrigla multipunctata 臺灣分布。
(3) 尖鰭鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla kanagashira 和深海鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla
abyssalis 臺灣海域分布疑慮。
二、種間差異
(1) 大棘牛角魚 Bovitrigla acanthomoplate 和琉球棘角魚 Pterygotrigla
ryukyuensis 相似度。
(2) 臂斑鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla punctipectoralis 種內形態差異。
(3) 棘黑角魚 Chelidonichthys spinosus 和黑角魚 Chelidonichthys kumu 相
似度。
三、分布範圍
(1) 大棘牛角魚分布範圍更新。
(2) 大眼棘角魚 Pterygotrigla megalops 臺灣紀錄。

四、3 種未描述種鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla sp.。
五、修訂臺灣海域角魚科之記錄文獻。
六、修訂臺灣角魚科魚類典藏標本。
七、樣本取得困難程度。
伍、參考文獻.......................................................................................................35-38

表目錄
表 1、臺灣角魚科魚類物種記錄文獻..................................................................81-82
表 2、本研究中各物種數量.......................................................................................83
表 3、4 屬 21 種角魚科魚類(共 170 筆數據)的 6 項計數形質平均值....................84
表 4、4 屬 21 種角魚科魚類(共 170 筆數據)的頻度分佈圖...............................85-87
表 5、4 屬 21 種角魚科魚類(共 170 筆數據)的左側鰓耙數頻度分佈圖................88
表 6、4 屬 21 種角魚科魚類(共 170 筆數據)的 3 項脊椎骨平均值........................89
表 7、4 屬 21 種角魚科魚類(共 170 筆數據)的 8 項二態形質................................90
表 8、1 種牛角魚屬魚類(共 5 筆數據)的 40 項測量形質平均值.......................91-92
表 9、2 種黑角魚屬魚類(共 25 筆數據)的 40 項測量形質平均值.....................93-94
表 10、11 種鱗角魚屬魚類(共 93 筆數據)的 40 項測量形質平均值.................95-98
表 11、7 種棘角魚屬魚類(共 47 筆數據)的 41 項測量形質平均值.................99-100

圖目錄
圖 1、牛角魚屬 Bovitrigla 魚類外部形質測量名稱及示意圖............................39-40
圖 2、鱗角魚屬 Lepidotrigla 魚類外部形質測量名稱及示意圖........................41-42
圖 3、黑角魚屬 Chelidonichthys 魚類外部形質測量名稱及示意圖..................43-44
圖 4、棘角魚屬 Pterygotrigla 魚類外部形質測量名稱及示意圖......................45-46
圖 5、牛角魚屬 Bovitrigla 手繪輪廓示意圖.............................................................46
圖 6、大棘牛角魚 Bovitrigla acanthomoplate...........................................................47
圖 7、黑角魚屬 Chelidonichthys 手繪輪廓示意圖...................................................48
圖 8、黑角魚 Chelidonichthys kumu..........................................................................49
圖 9、棘黑角魚 Chelidonichthys spinosus.................................................................50
圖 10、鱗角魚屬 Lepidotrigla 手繪輪廓示意圖.......................................................51
圖 11、翼鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla alata...........................................................................52
圖 12、貢氏鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla guentheri................................................................53
圖 13、姬鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla hime...........................................................................54
圖 14、日本鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla japonica.................................................................55
圖 15、岸上氏鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla kishinouyi..........................................................56
圖 16、長吻鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla longifaciata............................................................57
圖 17、長胸鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla pectoralis 標本保存照..........................................58
圖 18、臂斑鱗角魚 Lepidotrigla punctipectoralis.....................................................59
圖 19、鱗角魚屬(未描述種) Lepidotrigla sp.1..........................................................60
圖 20、鱗角魚屬(未描述種) Lepidotrigla sp.2..........................................................61
圖 21、鱗角魚屬(未描述種) Lepidotrigla sp.3..........................................................62
圖 22、棘角魚屬 Pterygotrigla 手繪輪廓示意圖......................................................63
圖 23、Pterygotrigla 亞屬特徵手繪圖.......................................................................64
圖 24、粗棘角魚 Pterygotrigla (Pterygotrigla) cajorarori........................................65
圖 25、尖棘角魚 Pterygotrigla (Otohime) hemisticta...............................................66
圖 26、尖棘角魚 Pterygotrigla (Otohime) hemisticta(小個體) ................................67
圖 27、長吻棘角魚 Pterygotrigla(Parapterygotrigla)macrorhynchus......................68
圖 28、長吻棘角魚 Pterygotrigla(Parapterygotrigla)macrorhynchus(小個體) ......69
圖 29、大眼棘角魚 Pterygotrigla (Parapterygotrigla) megalops 標本保存照........70
圖 30、多斑棘角魚 Pterygotrigla(Parapterygotrigla)multiocellata.........................71
圖 31、琉球棘角魚 Pterygotrigla (Pterygotrigla) ryukyuensis.................................72
圖 32、太加拉棘角魚 Pterygotrigla(Otohime)tagala................................................73
圖 33、4 屬 19 種角魚科魚類的 40 項測量形質形態聚類分析圖...........................74
圖 34、4 屬 19 種角魚科魚類的 8 項計數形質形態聚類分析圖.............................75
圖 35、4 屬 19 種角魚科魚類的 8 項二態形質形態聚類分析圖.............................76
圖 36、7 種棘角魚屬魚類的 40 項測量形質形態聚類分析圖................................77
VIII
圖 37、11 種棘角魚屬魚類的 40 項測量形質形態聚類分析圖..............................78
圖 39、鱗角魚屬 Lepidotrigla 吻棘形態手繪圖………………...............................79
圖 38、Pterygotrigla 屬下 3 亞屬頭部棘刺特徵之比較...........................................80

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