臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

現代橋梁工程中，纜索是斜張橋、預力箱型梁橋和拱橋等結構的重要構件。由於這些橋梁結構的持續發展，纜索索力的定期檢測與即時監測成為重要工作。傳統的索力估算方法包括直接量測和間接量測，而間接量測的微振法因為具經濟性且施工機動性極高，已成為實務工程中最常用的索力評估方法。本研究團隊基於微振法，發展出一套結合振形與振態頻率的索力估算法，並進一步解決了纜索複雜邊界束制和斷面積慣性矩難以精準判斷的問題。本論文的主要研究重點在於延伸這套方法至實際拱橋交叉聯結吊索系統的應用，尤其是在不需解開吊索聯結的情況下進行索力估算。首先以興同橋吊索的參數調整實驗室聯結鋼絞線系統來進行量測，用以驗證其在較低細長度參數下之估算誤差。接著更使用這套方法在興同橋進行交叉聯結吊索系統的現地量測，從而根據分析結果具體實證其索力估算精度。
由本研究的結果首先可發現，新式索夾在面外和面內方向量測的索力估算誤差都頗低，證明不同聯結方式對索力估算的影響。其次實驗室結果指出，吊索細長度參數對索力估算精度有顯著影響；當此值高於600時，誤差可控制在0.5%以下；但當此值低至250時，誤差可能達到2%至3%。至於實橋量測結果則顯示，實際聯結吊索的訊號較複雜，這個現象判斷可能來自實際索夾與吊索之接觸在現場參雜各種變數，並且自然會對各振態頻率與振形的識別產生相當影響，所以需經由系統化振態篩選機制來提高索力估算的準確性。綜合實橋聯結吊索三個案例的結果來看，在量測訊號齊全的情況下，索力估算誤差可控制在1%以下，展現出極為優異的實際應用價值。

In modern bridge engineering, cables are crucial components in structures such as cable-stayed bridges, prestressed box girder bridges, and arch bridges. Due to the continuous development of these bridge structures, the regular inspection and real-time monitoring of cable forces have become essential tasks. Traditional methods for estimating cable forces include direct measurement and indirect measurement. Among the indirect measurement methods, the ambient vibration method has been most commonly applied in practical engineering due to its cost-effectiveness and high operational flexibility. Our research team has developed a cable force estimation algorithm based on the ambient vibration method, which integrates mode shapes and natural frequencies. This approach further addresses challenges related to the complex boundary conditions of cables and the difficulty in accurately determining the cross-sectional area moment of inertia. The current study focuses on extending the application of this method to the case of two suspenders linked by an intersection clamp. Field validations with the out-of-plane and in-plane measurements on an arch bridge are conducted to verify the corresponding accuracy of tension estimation.
Based on the results of this research work, it is first observed that the tension estimation errors with the out-of-plane and in-plane measurements using the new type of intersection clamps are both quite low. This demonstrates the influence of different intersection clamps may have on the tension estimation. The laboratory results further indicate that the slenderness parameter of the suspenders significantly affects the accuracy of tension estimation. When this parameter is above 600, the estimation error can be kept below 0.5%. However, when it decreases to around 250, the corresponding error may be increased to the level between 2% and 3%. Regarding the measurements on actual bridges, the results show that the signals obtained from connected suspenders are much more complicated than those associated with the experimental system. This complexity is likely due to various factors for the actual contacts between the intersection clamps and the suspenders at the site. Such a problem may significantly deteriorate the identification accuracy of modal frequencies and shapes. Therefore, a systematic sifting algorithm, for mode selection is developed to improve the accuracy of tension estimation. According to the results from the three cases of actual linked suspenders, it is verified that the error of tension estimation can be kept under 1% if all the desired measurements are obtained. This demonstrates an exceptional value in practical applications.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 相關研究進展 2
1.3 研究動機與目的 3
1.4 論文架構 4
第二章 基於多點量測決定有效振動長度之索力估算法 6
2.1 纜索振動方程式與理論解 6
2.2 基於擬合振形正弦分量之有效振動長度 8
2.3 點位布設的重要考量 9
2.4 僅依局部多點量測之有效振動長度決定 11
第三章 推廣至聯結吊索之應用 14
3.1 數值模型探討 14
3.1.1 各振態振形峰谷值之觀察 15
3.1.2 不同量測範圍對有效半波長精度之影響 17
3.1.3 面內與面外量測之有效半波長精度比較 18
3.1.4 纜索細長度參數對有效半波長精度之影響 19
3.2 實驗室預力鋼絞線驗證 20
3.2.1 面內與面外量測之索力估算精度比較 21
3.2.2 纜索細長度參數對索力估算精度之影響 23
第四章 進一步實驗室預力鋼絞線驗證 40
4.1 實驗系統、量測儀器與相關規劃 40
4.2 以Case A案例重新檢視不同索夾對面內量測之影響 42
4.3 Case B與Case C案例之索力估算精度 43
第五章 興同橋聯結吊索之實際應用 73
5.1 興同橋簡介及其R6與R7吊索解開聯結之單根量測分析 73
5.2 R6吊索聯結下之面外量測分析 74
5.3 R6吊索聯結下之面內量測分析 77
5.4 R7吊索聯結下之面外量測分析 78
第六章 結論與建議 113
6.1 結論 113
6.2 建議 114
參考文獻 115

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