臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究之研究目的為經由動物攝食鉛蓄電池廠不同作業流程產生或使用之鉛粉塵的實驗，以了解不同鉛粉塵的生物攝取率及鉛同位素分布的特性，並評估以鉛同位素作為判斷不同鉛來源之可能性。
以5-6週齡之雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠進行動物實驗，將鉛蓄電池廠不同製程所使用或產生的鉛粉塵分別與AIN-76半純淨飼料均勻混合，使濃度達到所需目標劑量（5mg Pb/kg BW/Day或10mg Pb/kg BW/Day），並設另一對照組，僅餵食AIN-76半純淨飼料，分別在第15、29、43天進行解剖採血，分析大鼠血中鉛值，並將血樣送往清華大學貴重儀器中心，利用感應耦合電漿質譜儀進行鉛同位素分析。
血中鉛分析結果發現，除了劑量的高低會影響相對生物攝取率外，鉛粉塵的粒徑大小及成分也會影響生物攝取率。不論實驗天數，粒徑較小的鉛粉塵相對生物攝取率均高於粒徑大者，含二氧化鉛化合物的鉛粉塵的相對生物攝取率高於單純只含鉛的鉛粉原料及裁切粉塵。
在鉛同位素比分析結果方面，則發現在本研究中討論鉛蓄電池廠不同製程之鉛粉塵時，Pb206/Pb207具有統計上顯著性的差異。同時發現在不同程度的個別鉛粉塵暴露狀況下，在鉛同位素比會有小幅度的變化，雖沒有統計意義上的差異，但若已知鉛蓄電池廠鉛粉塵原始同位素比時，這仍可視為一粗略判斷鉛蓄電池廠員工鉛暴露來源及暴露程度，及改善作業環境優先順序的依據。

The purpose of this study was to determine the bioavailability of ingested lead dust from a lead battery plant and changes in lead isotope composition in the blood. At the same time, this study tries to evaluate the possibility of distinguishing the lead exposure sources by examining isotope ratio changes.
An animal experiment was performed with 5-6 weeks old male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats of each experiment group were fed the mixture of AIN-76 semipurifed diet with various lead dusts from the assembly line of a lead battery plant. The target doses were 5mg Pb/kg BW/Day and 10 mg Pb/kg BW/Day, respectively, for each type of lead dust which control group were fed with AIN-76 semipurified diet only. Every three animals for a specific lead dust and dose group were sacrificed at the15th, 29th, 43rd, respectively. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for blood lead level and lead isotope composition.
Results of blood lead determination showed that, in addition to the effect of lead dose on the bioavailability, the lead dust species and their particle sizes also had influences on the bioavailability. It was found that the bioavailability of lead dust was inversely associated with particle size, and the lead peroxide dust demonstrated higher bioavailability than the elemental lead powder.
Besides, the results of lead isotope composition analysis showed that Pb206/Pb207 was a sensitive indicator in this study, for lead source identification. According to the results of present study, Pb206/Pb207 ratio is a useful tool to trace the lead dusts to which the workers were exposed. Moreover, with different extents of lead exposure, there were few changes in various lead isotope ratios in blood. If the original isotope ratios of lead dust from the lead battery plant were known, it would be available to use this method to estimate the lead exposure level of the workers in the battery plant, and to set up the priority for working environment improvement.

. 葉文裕、陳春萬 台灣地區鉛作業勞工暴露現況與未來研究規劃
行政院勞委會勞工安全衛生研究所 勞工安全衛生簡訊第26期
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