臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

適度規律的運動能促進健康且能正面地提高人體免疫反應，進而增加人體的抵抗能力，太極拳是簡單易學且可推廣的運動。本研究的主要目的，在探討太極拳運動對骨密度、免疫球蛋白A及白血球吞噬作用的影響。以長期從事太極拳運動三年以上不間斷與無運動習慣之坐式生活停經女性共30位為受試者，太極拳運動組15位（平均年齡63.0 ± 6.6歲、身高153.6 ± 5.5公分、體重58.0 ± 3.8公斤、體脂肪百分比32.0 ± 7.0 ﹪、身體質量指數（Bady Mass Index，BMI）24.7 ± 2.5、拳齡範圍3 ~ 47年）和坐式生活組15位（平均年齡61.7 ± 5.4歲、身高154.9 ± 4.4公分、體重58. 3 ± 4.4公斤、體脂肪百分比32.4 ± 4.0 ﹪、身體質量指數24.3 ± 1.6）。以雙能X光吸收測量儀（Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry，DEXA）測量腰椎第二節至第四節各節及平均骨密度；利用流式細胞分類儀（Flow Cytometry）檢測受試者之白血球吞噬作用的能力；並利用酵素免疫吸附分析儀（ELISA reader）來檢測唾液免疫球蛋白A的濃度。所有測量結果以SPSS 統計軟體處理，以獨立樣本t考驗分析資料，顯著水準皆訂為α＝.05。研究結果發現太極拳運動組與坐式生活組間腰椎骨密度之第二節、第三節、第四節和第二至第四節平均骨密度沒有顯著差異（p＞.05）。白血球吞噬作用的能力在太極拳運動組則顯著高於坐式生活組（p＜.05）。而在唾液免疫球蛋白A濃度方面，太極拳運動組高於坐式生活組，但沒有顯著差異（p＞.05）。由本研究可以得到以下結論：長期從事太極拳運動可以增進白血球吞噬能力，抵抗病毒的能力較高。隨著年齡的增加，骨密度及免疫系統皆會呈現下降的趨勢。

Regular exercise was not only improving health but also increase the response of body immune mechanism to be able to further enhance the ability of body defense. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of tai chi chuan ( TCC ) exercise on bone mineral density ( BMD ), immunoglobulin A ( IgA ) and phagocytosis. They were assigned to TCC group ( n＝15，age 63.0 ± 6.6 yrs, height 153.6 ± 5.5 cm, weight 58.0 ± 3.8 kg, body fat 32.0 ± 7.0 ﹪, and body mass index ( BMI ) 24.7 ± 2.5, time of training 3 ~ 47 yrs ) or sedentary group ( n＝15，age 61.7 ± 5.4 yrs., height 154.9 ± 4.4 cm, weight 58.3 ± 4.4 kg, body fat 32.4 ± 4.0 ﹪, BMI 24.3 ± 1.6 ). The lumbar spine density was measured by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry ( DEXA ), flow cytometry to detect the ability of phagocytosis and ELISA reader to detect the concentration of saliva immunoglobulin A ( s-IgA ). Data were analyzed with t-test by SPSS. The significant level was 0.05.Statistical analysis indicated that the TCC group were significant ( p＜.05) changes on phagocytosis and VO2max. No significant ( p＞.05 ) changes were found between sedentary group and TCC group about BMD and s-IgA. It is concluded that TCC exercise may improve elder people’s immune function. With age increasing, BMD and immune system will perform descending trend.

口試委員與所長簽字證書…………………………………………………I
授權書……………………………………………………………………..II
中文摘要………………………………………………………………….III
英文摘要………………………………………………………………….IV
謝誌…………………………………………………………………….….V
目錄……………………………………………………………………….VI
表目錄………………………………………………………………….…IX
圖目錄………………………………………………………………….… X
第壹章 緒論………………..…………………………………………..1
第一節 前言…………………………………………………………...1
第二節 問題背景……………………………….……………………..2
第三節 研究問題………………………..…………………………….5
第四節 研究假設……………………………………………….……..5
第五節 研究範圍與限制……………………………….……………..6
第六節 名詞操作性定義…………………………………….………..7
第七節 研究的重要性……………………………………….………..8
第貳章 文獻探討………………….………………………………….9
第一節 太極拳運動對健康的助益………….………………………..9
第二節 運動對骨密度的影響………………….……………………13
第三節 運動對免疫功能的影響…………………………………….16
第四節 結語………………………………………………………….19
第參章 研究方法與步驟…………………………………………...21
第一節 受試者…………………………………………….…………21
第二節 實驗流程…………………………………………………….22
第三節 實驗時間與地點…………………………………………….23
第四節 實驗方法、步驟與儀器……………………………………...23
第五節 統計分析…………………………………………………….27
第肆章 結果…………………………………………………………..28
第一節 受試者基本資料…………………………………………….28
第二節 受試者最大氧攝取量……………………………………….29
第三節 太極拳運動對骨密度的影響……………………………….29
第四節 太極拳運動對免疫系統的影響…………………………….30
第伍章 討論…………………………………………………………..32
第一節 受試者……………………………………………………….32
第二節 受試者最大氧攝取量……………………………………….32
第三節 太極拳運動對骨密度的影響……………………………….34
第四節 太極拳運動對免疫系統的影響…………………………….37
第陸章 結論與建議………………………………………………....39
參考文獻………………………………………………………………...40
中文部分…………………………………………………….…………40
英文部分…………………………………………………….…………41
附 錄
附錄一、受試者須知與參與同意書…………………………………..50
附錄二、受試者身體狀況調查問卷……………………………………51
附錄三、2900氣體分析裝置儀器操作與校正程序………………….52
附錄四、踏車運動重量負荷程序……………………………………..53
附錄五、唾液檢查採檢說明…………………………………………...54
附錄六、s-IgA間接酵素免疫吸附分析步驟…………………………55
附錄七、吞噬作用實驗分析步驟……………………………………..58
附錄八、受試者基本資料及最大氧攝取量…………………………..59
附錄九、腰椎骨密度測量一覽表……………………………………..60
附錄十、受試者白血球吞噬作用能力及唾液免疫球蛋白A（s-IgA）濃度測量一覽表…………………………………………….61
附錄十一、吞噬作用流式細胞儀分析圖…………………………….62

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