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Antrodia camphorata is a parasitical medicinal fungus of the family Polyporaceae (Aphyllophorales) that grows slowly on the inner cavity of the endemic camphor tree, Cinnamomum kanehirai. Traditionally, it has been used for health, nutritional, and therapeutic benefits to human hosts including antioxidation, vasorelaxation, antihepatitis B surface antigen, immunomodulatory, and tumorigenic diseases. A. camphorata is well known in Taiwan under the name of “niu-chan-ku” or “chang-chih”, mainly used in the formulation of neutraceuticals and functional foods, and is commercially available in the form of either fermented wine or pure culture in powder, tablet, or capsule form. The growth rate of natural A. camphorata is extremely slow, and the quantity of wild fungus is not sufficient for commercial exploitation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for mass production of A. camphorata fruiting bodies for health benefits. Accordingly, an object of the present study is to provide a process suitable for getting the fruiting bodies of A. camphorata from C. kanehirai. For this purpose, we have tested five isolates of A. camphorata, namely BCRC 35716, BCRC 35396, BCRC 35398, wild type-I, and wild type-II for their potential fruiting bodies production from C. kanehirai, in solid state and submerged bottle cultivations with controlled, and unctrolled CO2 for six months. Further, we have also studied the effect of C. kanehirai timber sterilization time for the A. camphorata fruiting bodies production against all the above five isolates for ten months. Among the five strains of A. camphorata studied, solid state cultivation of BCRC 35716, BCRC 35396 and BCRC 35398 produced significant amount of fruiting bodies from C. kanehirai when CO2 was controlled at 1% for six months, while submerged cultivation was relatively unfavourable for the fruiting bodies production. Interesting point mentioned here is that both the wild type strains are not favourable for A. camphorata fruiting bodies production from C. kanehirai under these experimental conditions. On the other hand, among the five strains, and C. kanehirai timber sterilization time tested, the isolate of BCRC 35398 produced significant amount of fruiting bodies with 120 min sterilization time in ten months, where the cultivation conditions were maintained at 28 ℃, 95% humidity, and had no extra medium used.
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