臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　女性教育程度的提升與勞動參與率的增加被認為有助於減少健康的性別差距，本研究重新檢視男、女性的自評健康狀況是否因男、女性在婚姻、就業以及兼顧工作與家庭的責任與義務的不同而有所差異。以婚姻保護作為理論框架，探討婚姻型態與自評健康之間的關係，以及就業對男、女性是否具有相同的益處；此外，兼顧工作與家庭是否會對自評健康產生影響。
　　本研究所使用的資料來自「華人家庭動態資料庫」，此資料庫是以華人家庭成年樣本為對象的固定樣本追蹤調查資料，從1999年至2007年按照受訪者編號逐年合併受訪者每年的追蹤資料，透過Ordered Probit模型以及Random-Effects Ordered Probit模型進行分析。

　　研究發現，婚姻對男、女性皆具有保護效果，離婚會對男性自評健康狀況產生顯著負向影響；喪偶會對女性自評健康狀況產生負向影響，且婚姻保護的效果是隨時間累積。就業有助於男、女性的自評健康狀況，不論男、女性，每週工作41-50小時，對健康的益處最大；以及兼顧工作與家庭會對女性的自評健康狀況有顯著負向影響。

目錄

第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
第二節 研究目的 5
第二章 理論探討與文獻回顧 7
第一節 台灣地區婚姻型態的變遷 7
第二節 婚姻、就業與家庭對健康的保護效果 10
第三節 婚姻型態與自評健康 12
第四節 就業與家庭對自評健康狀況的影響 16
第三章 研究方法與設計 21
第一節 資料來源與研究對象 21
第二節 研究架構 24
第三節 變項處理與定義 25
第四節 資料分析方式 29
第四章 研究結果與發現 34
第一節 描述性統計 34
第二節 自評健康狀況之影響因素—ORDERED PROBIT模型之分析 37
第三節 自評健康狀況之影響因素—異質性的考量 49
第五章 結論與建議 55
第一節 討論與結論 55
第二節 政策建議 59
第三節 研究限制與未來發展 61
參考文獻 62

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