跳到主要內容

臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

(18.97.14.82) 您好!臺灣時間:2025/02/19 10:12
字體大小: 字級放大   字級縮小   預設字形  
回查詢結果 :::

詳目顯示

: 
twitterline
研究生:陳文彬
研究生(外文):Wen-Pin Chen
論文名稱:利用主動誘變與基因靜默技術提高牛樟芝菌絲體中抗發炎與抗氧化之活性成分含量
論文名稱(外文):Use of activation-tagging and gene silencing technologies to enhance antioxidant and anti-inflammation functions of Antrodia cinnamomea
指導教授:陳靖棻陳靖棻引用關係
指導教授(外文):Chin-Fun Chen
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:朝陽科技大學
系所名稱:生化科技研究所碩士班
學門:生命科學學門
學類:生物科技學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2010
畢業學年度:99
語文別:中文
論文頁數:121
中文關鍵詞:牛樟芝主動誘變
外文關鍵詞:Antrodia cinnamomeaactivation tagging
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:3
  • 點閱點閱:1589
  • 評分評分:
  • 下載下載:62
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:1
牛樟芝,學名為Antrodia cinnamomea,為台灣特有之藥用真菌,具抗癌與降血糖之功效,也可當作抗發炎與抗氧化之用。前人研究發現經主動誘變之方式能得到一個提高牛樟芝菌絲體抗氧化與抗發炎活性成分之轉殖系菌絲體,故本試驗利用主動誘變之技術以及基因靜默(gene silencing)(antisense)兩種方式進行牛樟芝之基因轉殖,以期能獲得數個提高高抗氧化與抗發炎活性成分之菌絲體,並且找出牛樟芝菌絲體中主要之抗氧化成分與抗發炎成分。在主動誘變試驗方面成功獲得32個轉殖菌絲體(AC1~J-2),其中AC1、AC2、AC10、AC15、AC20、AC26、AC29、J-1與J-2之抗發炎三萜dehydroeburicoic acid皆顯著高於未轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體。另外與抗發炎相關的多醣β-(1-3)-D-glucan,則在AC9中較高,且粗多醣含量之多寡與β-(1-3)-D-glucan無正相關。在抗氧化分析中則顯示牛樟芝主要之抗氧化活性成分為清除自由基的酚類化合物及螯合2價離子的類黃酮。另一方面,本研究亦成功利用DMAT synthase基因靜默獲得高含量dehydrosulphurenic acid與dehydroeburicoic acid之三萜之轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體AD-1。
Antrodia cinnamomea , a medicinal fungi, is well known in Taiwan as source of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of cancer, hyperglycemia, anti- oxidation and anti-inflammation. It has been reported that an activation-tagging method could enhance anti-inflammatory tritepenoids content in mycelia of A. cinnamomea. In order to obtain more transgenic mycelia with increased antioxidant and anti-inflammation compounds, the activation tagging method and gene silencing (antisense) of DMAT syntahse were performed separately in this study. Thirty two activation-tagged mycelia (AC1~J-2) were generated. Nine of them (AC1, AC2, AC10, AC15, AC20, AC26, AC29, J-1 and J-2) were determined with more anti-inflammatory triterpernoids (dehydroeburicoic acids), and one (AC9) with higher β-(1-3)-D-glucan (anti-inflammatory poly- saccharides). Results also showed that the phenolic compounds and flavonoids are responsible for the anti-oxidation in A. cinnamomea. By the other hand, a transgenic mycelia, AD-1, with higher dehydrosulphurenic and dehydroebucoic acids was also obtained in this study.
口試委員會審定書………………………………………………………….....#
中文摘要…………………………………………………………………….....I
英文摘要………………………………………………………….…………...II
致謝……………………………………………………………………..…….III
目錄…………………………………………………………………………...IV
表目錄………………………………………………………………………...XI
圖目錄………………………………………………………….……..…….. XII
附錄……………………………………………………………………..…..XIV
名詞縮寫表…………………………………………………………………..XV
壹、前言………………………………………………………………………..1
貳、文獻回顧…………………………………………………………………..2
一、牛樟芝簡介……………………………………………………………..2
(一)台灣牛樟芝之分佈…………………………………………………...4
(二)台灣牛樟芝之功效與市場上之訴求………………………………...4
1.台灣牛樟芝之抗氧化作用………………………………………...5
(1)酵素防禦系統………………………………………………...5
(2)非酵素防禦系統……………………………………………...6
2.台灣牛樟芝芝抗發炎作用 ............................................................ 8
(1)多醣體介紹 . ………………………………………………...8
(2)三萜類化合物介紹.............................................................. ..11
二、萜類之生合成路徑……………………………………….………...12
三、HMGR及DMAT synthase之相關介紹……………………………13
(一) 3-hydroxy- 3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A(HMGR)介紹………...14
(二) Dimethylallyl tryptophan synthase(DMAT synthase)介紹……….14
参、材料方法………………………………………………………………....16
一、試驗材料……………………………………………………..……16
(一)牛樟芝菌種來源與保存. ………………………………………...16
(二)農桿菌EHA105/pTAG-8菌種來源與保存................................. 16
(三)大腸桿菌勝任細胞製備與保存………..……………………..….16
(四)農桿菌勝任細胞製備與保存…………………………………….17
二、試驗方法………………………………………………………..…18
(一)牛樟芝菌絲體之基因轉殖…………………………………….....18
(二)牛樟芝菌絲體之genomic DNA之萃取....................................... 19
(三)牛樟芝轉殖菌絲體之確認............................................................ 20
(四)牛樟芝菌絲體之生長速率測定.................................................... 20
(五)牛樟芝菌絲體之靜置液態培養處理. ……………………….…..21
(六)牛樟芝菌絲體之胞外多醣體含量之測定…………………........21
1.牛樟芝液態培養之菌絲體與醱酵液之分離...........................21
2.胞外多醣體酒精沉澱法之處理………………..……......…...21
3.多醣之檢量線製作………………………………….………..22
4.利用酚-硫酸比色法進行胞外多醣體含量分析………….….22
5.苯胺藍螢光染色法檢量線製作…………………..………….22
6.利用苯胺藍螢光染色法檢測β- (1-3)-D-glucan多醣體含量.23
(七)牛樟芝菌絲體之甲醇萃取物抗氧化能力測定........................... 23
1.甲醇萃取物清除自由基能力測定............................................23
2.甲醇萃取物之螯合亞鐵能力測定 ………………………......24
(八) 牛樟芝菌絲體之水萃取物抗氧化能定...……………………...24
1.牛樟芝菌絲體之水萃物樣品製備……………………..........24
2.水萃取物清除超氧陰離子測定………………………..........25
(九)牛樟芝菌絲體甲醇萃取物總多酚含量分析…….…..…….……25
1.總多酚檢量線製作……………………………………..…....26
2.總多酚含量測定………………………..…………………....26
(十)牛樟芝菌絲體甲醇萃取物之三萜類含量測定……...….……....26
1.三萜類標準品溶液之配置與檢量線製作………...…………27
2.高效液相層析(HPLC)分析條件…………………...…...........27
3.甲醇萃取物之樣品製備………………..…………………….27
(十一)HMGR之比活性測定………………………...……...............28
1.蛋白質濃度之檢量線製作…………………………..……….28
2.牛樟芝菌絲體總蛋白質之萃取與萃取液之配製………...…28
3.HMGR之測定………..………………………………………29
(十二)反譯股基因靜默之載體構築………………………..….........29
1.牛樟芝菌絲體之total RNA萃取………………..…………..29
2.反轉錄聚合酶連鎖反應(RT-RCR)………..………………...30
3.反譯股-DMAT synthase之基因選殖與DMAT synthase之多重序列比對………………………………………………..……..31
4.黏接作用……..……………………………………………….31
5.大腸桿菌質體轉型…………………….……………….........31
6.膠體電泳與序列分析確認anti- DMAT synthase之片段…...32
7. pCAMBIA 1305.1載體與選殖的anti-DMAT synthase片段之
接合…………………………………………………...…….33
8.大腸桿菌質體轉型……..…….………..…...….……….........33
9. 膠體電泳分析確認pCAMBIA 1305.1/anti-DMAT synthase
之載體接合.…………………………………..……………..33
10.農桿菌質體轉型……………………………..………...........34
11.膠體電泳分析農桿菌之轉型…………………………….......34
12. pCAMBIA 1305.1/anti-DMAT synthase之載體與牛樟芝共
培養與抗生素之篩選………………………………….……35
13. pCAMBIA 1305.1/anti-DMAT synthase之轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體之確認………………………………………………………..35
14. pCAMBIA 1305.1/anti-DMAT synthase之轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體之表現量……………………………………………………..36
15.轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體AD-1甲醇萃取物之樣品製備……….. 36
肆、結果與討論 ……………………………………………………………..38
一、主動誘變轉殖系牛樟芝菌絲體之確認………………….………..38
(一)轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體之篩選結果…………………………………38
(二)轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體之分子鑑定結果...........................................39
二、主動誘變會改變牛樟芝菌絲體之生長性狀………...….………...39
三、轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體之抗發炎之活性分析………………………...40
(一) 主動誘變轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體之粗多醣含量與抗發炎之β-(1-3)-
D-glucan無關聯性且主動誘變能提高牛樟芝β-(1-3)- D-glucan
之含量……..................................................................................39
(二) 經主動誘變能提高牛樟芝菌絲體之抗發炎三萜類含量……...41
四、轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體抗氧化能力比較………………………….…..43
(一) 主動誘變能提高牛樟芝菌絲體之清除DPPH之能力……….43
(二) 牛樟芝菌絲體之螯合亞鐵能力高於牛樟芝子實體與培養基pH
值會影響其抗氧化能力………………….…….….…………...44
(三) 牛樟芝菌絲體之超氧歧化酵素並非其主要抗氧化物質……..46
五、轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體之三萜類含量提高與三萜生合成上游酵素HM
GR無關……………………………………………………….……48
六、DMAT synthase之反譯股基因靜默…………………..…………..49.
(一) 牛樟芝之DMAT synthase與Aspergillus fumigatus之多重序列
排比分析………………………….……….………………….....49
(二) anti-DMAT synthase基因選殖…………………………….…....50
(三) pCAMBIA 1305.1/anti-DMAT synthase載體構築…………….50
(四) pCAMBIA 1305.1/anti-DMAT synthase之轉殖系牛樟芝菌絲
體之確認……………………………………………………………..51
(五) pCAMBIA 1305.1/anti-DMAT synthase之轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體
AD-1之表現量受抑制…………………..………………………51
(六) 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體AD-1的治療攝護腺癌與抗發炎之三萜類含
量增加……….……………………………………………………..51
伍、結論與未來展望………………………………………………………….54
陸、參考文獻………………………………………………………….............85
柒、附錄……………………………………………………………….............94


表1. PCR 檢測轉殖基因 GUS 與 HPT 之引子與選殖反譯股DMAT
synthase之引子一覽表……………………………………………….56
表2. 三萜類標準品移動相沖提梯度之一覽表…………………………....56
表3. 高效液相層析分析使用儀器之一覽表………………………………56
表4. 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體甲醇萃取物中dehydrosulphurenic acid與
dehydroeburicoic acid化合物含量之測定…………………………...57
表5. 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體甲醇萃取物清除DPPH自由基能力之測定……58
表6. 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體甲醇萃取物螯合亞鐵離子能力之測定………....59
表7. 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體甲醇萃取物螯合亞鐵離子能力之測定………....60
表8. 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體水萃取物清除超氧陰離子能力之測定………....61
表9. 胺基酸多重比對所用之胺基酸一覽表……………………………………62
表10 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體甲醇萃取物中dehydrosulphurenic acid與
dehydroeburicoic acid化合物含量之測定…………………………...63

圖 1. 實驗之檢量線彙整 …………………………………………………..64
圖 2. 實驗之檢量線彙整 …………………………………………………..65
圖 3. 三萜標準品HPLC分析及檢量線分析 ……………………………..66
圖 4. 主動誘變轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體之生長型態與檢測 …………………..67
圖 5. 轉殖與未轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體生長曲線調查 ………………………..68
圖 6. 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體胞外粗多醣體含量 ……………………………..69
圖 7. 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體胞外粗多醣體與抗發炎之β-(1-3)- D-glucan
含量之關係……………………………………………………………70
圖 8. 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體甲醇萃取物中三萜類dehydrosulphurenic
acid含量之測定 ……………………………………………………..71
圖 9. 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體甲醇萃取物中三萜類dehydroeburicoic acid
含量之測定 …………………………………………………………..72
圖 10. 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體甲醇萃取物清除DPPH自由基之能力測定 ….73
圖 11. 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體清除DPPH自由基能力與總多酚含量之
關係…………………………………………………………………74
圖12. 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體A~P甲醇萃取物螯合亞鐵能力之測定……….75
圖13. 轉殖系牛樟芝菌絲體AC1~J-2甲醇萃取物螯合亞鐵能力之
測定…………………………………………………………………..76
圖14. 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體水萃取物清除超氧陰離子之能力測定…...........77
圖15. 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體之HMGR酵素之比活性… ……………………..78
圖16. 牛樟芝的DMAT synthase與Aspergillus flavus的DMAT synthase
之核苷酸多重序列比對……………………………….......................79
圖17. 反股基因靜默載體構築 ……………………………………………...80
圖18. 反股基因靜默轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體生長形態與檢測和表現量分析...81
圖19. 三萜類HPLC分析及檢量線分析.......................................................82
圖20. 轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體中drhydrosulphurenic acid 和 dehydroeburicoic
acid 含量之測定..................................................................................83
圖21. 萜類生合成相關途徑之示意圖……………………………………...84


附錄1.生物體內各種抗氧化系統 94
附錄2 (A) β-(1-3)-glucan結晶結構利用X-射線繞射(B) β-(1-3)-
glucan有1,6分之鍵結的化學結構……………………………..95
附錄3主動誘變轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體與利用PCR檢測主動誘變
轉殖牛樟芝菌絲體……………………………………………….96
附錄4. β-(1-3)-glucan不同分類來源的物理化學特性比較…………...97
附錄5. 萜類生合成相關途徑之示意圖 98
附錄6. 萜類生合成相關途徑之示意圖 99
附錄7. 農桿菌EHA105/pTAG-8質體之示意圖……………………...100
附錄8. AAM培養基之組成成分……………………………………….101
附錄9. pGEM®-T Easy Vector質體之示意圖………………………….102
附錄 10. pCAMBIA 1305.1載體示意圖………………………………..103
附錄11. 抗氧化試驗之反應式(A)清除DPPH之反應式(B)螯合
亞鐵離子之反應式(C)清除超氧陰離子之反應式…………...104
王伯徹和黃仁彰,「靈芝與樟芝之研發與市場面面觀」,食品工業發展研究所,新竹35(5),3-17(2002)。

王伯徹、陳啟楨和華傑,「食藥用菇類的培養與應用」,食品工業發展研究所,新竹(1998)。

王莉、史玲玲和張艷霞,「植物次生代謝途徑及其研究進展」武漢植物學研究,中國(2007)。

李國風、陳大樺和叶和春,「植物類異戊二烯代謝途徑的分子生物學研究進展」,植物學報, Vol. 42(6), pp. 551~558(2000)。

朱建儒,「探討通氣量於樟芝發酵生產生物鹼之影響」,碩士論文,國立中央大學化學工程與材料工程系,桃園(2003)。

呂美津,「牛樟菇子實體乙醇萃取物誘導HL60 細胞凋亡之研究」,碩士論文,國立屏東科技大學熱帶農業研究所,屏東(2003)。

宋祖瑩,「樟芝深層培養意抗氧化及抗腫瘤特性之研究」,博士論文,國立中興大學食品科學系,台中(2003)。

宋祖瑩、顏國欽和吳啟豪, 「樟芝深層培養發酵濾液保護四氯化碳誘導大鼠急性肝損傷之能力」,台灣保健食品學會第二屆第二次年會(2002)。

李士瑛、黃進發和廖啟成,「天然抗氧化素材GSH、SOD及Astazanthin之開發與應用」,生物產業,Vol. 11.pp. 155-163(2000)。

林讚標5,,「談牛樟與冇樟」,牛樟生物學及育林技術研討會論文集,林業叢刊第72號,pp.27-34(1997)。

徐銘豊,「樟芝(Antrodia camphorata)液態培養生產β- (1-3)- D-glucan 多醣體之研究探討,朝陽科技大學生物技術研究所,台中(2006)。


許淳鈞,「探討培養基組成對巴西洋菇發酵生產活性多醣及對其特性之影響」,博士論文,國立中央大學化學工程與材料工程研究所,桃園(2006)。

許英欽,「麩胺酸的添加和供氧量對液態發酵生產裂褶菌多醣的研究」,碩士論文,中央大學化學工程研究所,桃園(2002)。

邢朝斌、王一曼、陳正恒和沈海龍,「三萜皂苷的生物合成」,生命的化學,Vol. 25(5),(2005).

陳莉和吳耀生,「三萜皂苷生物合成途徑及相關酵素」,國外醫學,Vol.19(4)
.pp. 156-161(2004).

陳勁初、林文鑫、陳清農、許勝傑、黃仕政和陳炎鍊,「台灣特有真菌-樟芝菌絲體之開發」,Fungal Sciences(2001)。

陳怡欣,「牛樟芝發酵過濾液對大白鼠肝臟生理機能之影響」,碩士論文,中國醫藥學院營養研究所,台中(2002)。

黃惟敏, 「樟芝微量成分的研究(II)」,碩士論文,私立靜宜大學食品科學研究所,台中(1999)。

黃鈴娟,「樟芝與姬松茸芝抗氧化性質及其多醣組成分析」,碩士論文,中興大學食品科學系研究所,台中(2000)。

程一華, 「樟芝之成份研究」,碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學化學研究所,台北(1993)。

張中姿,「樟芝菌絲體之甲醇萃取部分對人類肝癌細胞株 (HepG2) 生長抑制作用的機轉探討」,碩士論文國立台灣大學醫學院生物化學暨分子生物學研究所,台北(2002)。

葉怡真,「樟芝對血管內皮細胞之影響及寶心血管疾病之機制探討」,碩士論文,中國醫藥學院營養研究所,台中(2002)。

鄭靖緹,「鴻喜菇之液態菌種培養及功能性培估」,碩士論文,南台科技大學化學工程研究所,台南(2004)。

蔡淑瑤,「靈芝與柳松菇之抗氧化性質和其對腫瘤細胞之毒性及柳松菇之抗致突變性質」,碩士論文,國立中興大學,台中(2002)。

蔡雁暉,「樟芝深層培養液及其多醣體之抗氧化特性」,碩士論文,國立中興大學食品科學研究所,台中(2002)。

曾英與楊濤,「植物萜類合成酶研究進展」,雲南植物研究,中國(2005)。

楊書威,「中藥樟菇活性成分之研究」,碩士論文,國立台灣大學醫學院藥學研究所,台北(1991)。

戴宇昀,「樟芝菌絲體與子實體對四氯化碳及酒精誘導之慢性及急性肝損傷之保肝功能評估」,碩士論文,國立中興大學食品科學研究所,台中(2001)。

簡秋原、姜宏哲與陳淑貞,「牛樟菇培養性狀及其三萜類成分分析之研究」,牛樟生物學及裕林技術研討會論文集,愛克斯文化事業有限公司,台灣(1997)。

曹小迎、蔣繼宏與劉群,「甲羥戊酸途徑關鍵酵素基因HMGR的選殖與分析」,武漢植物學研究(2007)。

謝秋蘭,「杜仲水萃物抗氧化機能性之研究」,博士論文,國立中興大學食品科學研究所,台中(2000)。

魏佳瑜,「固體栽培樟芝甲醇萃取物抗變異自由基功效與抗血小板凝集作用
探討」,碩士論文,私立台北醫學大學公共衛生,台北(2003)。

蘇慶華,「健康的守護神-國寶樟芝」,愛克斯文化事業有限公司,台灣(2002)


蘇毓琇,「牛樟芝利用農桿菌進行基因轉殖系統之研究」,碩士論文,朝陽科技大學生物技術研究所,台中(2006)。

賈宁、仇燕與王剛,「紫杉醇生物合成相關酵素類的研究進展」生物學雜誌, Vol.19(6).pp. 9~13(2002)。

水野卓、川和正允,「菇類的化學」,生物化學,國立編譯館(1996)。
Aoa, Z. H., Xua, Z. H., Lub, Z. M., Xua, H, Y.,Zhang, X. M.,and Doua, Z.
F.,“Niuchangchih (Antrodia camphorata) and its potential in treating liver diseases,” J. Ethnopharmacol., Vol. 121, pp.194-212(2009).

Hueu, Y. C., Chang, W.C., Hseu, Y. T., Lee, C. Y., Yech, Y. J., Chen, P. C., Chen, J. Y., and Yang, H. L.,“Pretection of oxidative damage by aqueous extract from Antrodia camphorate mycelia in normal human erythrocytes,” Life Sci., Vol. 71, pp. 469-482(2002).

Chang, H. L., Chao, G. R., Chen, C. C., and Mau, J. L.,“Non-volatile taste components of Agaricus blazei, Antrodia camphorate and Cordyceps militaris mycelia,” Food Chem., Vol. 74, pp. 2003-2007(2001).

Chen, S. C., Lu, M. K., Cheng, J. J., Wang, D. L.,“ Antiangiogenic activities of polysaccharides isolated from medicinal fungi,”FEMS Microbiol., Vol, 249, pp. 247-254(2005).

Chen, J. C., Lin, W. H., Chen, C. N., Sheu, S. J., Huang, S. J., and Chen, Y. L.,.“Development of Antrodia camphorata mycelium with submerged culture,” Fungal Sci.,Vol 16, pp. 7-22(2001b).

Chen, C. H., and Yang, S. W.,“New steroid acids from Antrodia cinnamomea, a fungal parasite of Cinnamomum micramomea,” J. Nat. Prod., Vol. 58(11). pp. 1655-1661(1995).

Cherng, I. H., and Chiang, H. C., “Three new triterpenoids from Antrodia cinnamomea,” J. Nat. Prod., Vol. 58, pp. 365-371 (1995).

Cherng, I. H., Wu, D. P., and Chiang, H. C.,“Triterpenoids from Anrodia cinnamomea,” Phytochemistry, Vol. 41, pp. 263-267 (1996).

Chiang, H. C., Wu, D., Cherng, I. W., and Ueng, C. H.,“A sesquiterpene
lactone, phenyl and biphenyl compounds from Antrodia cinnamomea,”
Phytochemistry, Vol. 39, pp. 613-616 (1995).

Chu, F. F., Doroshow, J. H., and Esworthy, R. S.,“Expression characterization and tissue distribution of a new cellular selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase GSH-Px-GI,” J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 268, pp. 2571-2576(1993).

Cress, W. A., Chayet, L. T.and Rilling, H. C.,“Crystallization and partial characterization of dimethylallyl pyrophosphate : L-tryptophan dimethylallyl
Transferase from Claviceps sp. J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 256, pp. 10917–10923(1981
).

Eo, S. K., Kim, Y. S., Lee, C. K., and Han, S. S.,“Possible mode of antiviral activity of acidic protein bound polysaccharide isolated from Ganoderma lucidum on herpes simplex viruses,”J. Ethnopharmacol., Vol. 72(3). pp. 475- 481(2000).

Goldstein, J. L., Russell, D. W., Schneider, W. J., Yamamoto, T., Luskey, K. L., and Brown, M. S.,“ Domain map of the LDL receptor:sequence homology with the epidermal growth factor precursor,” Cell, Vol. 37 (2). pp. 577–85(198
4).

Hsiao, G., Shen, M. I., Lin, K. H., Lan, M. H., Wu, L. Y., Chou, D. S., Lin, C. H., Su, C. H., and Sheu, J. R.,“Antioxidative and hepatoprotective effects of Antrodia camphorate extract,” J. Agric. Food Chem., Vol. 51. pp. 3302-3308(2003).

Hseu, Y. J., Chang, W. H., Hseu, Y. T., Lee, C. Y., Yech, Y. J., Chen, J. Y., and Yang, H. L.,“Protection of oxidative damage by aqueous extract from Antrodia
camphorate mycelia in normal human erythrocytes,” Life Sci., Vol. 71.pp. 469- 482(2002).

Huang, L. C., Huang, S. J., Chen, C. C., and Mau, J. L., “Antioxidant properties of Antrodia camphorata.”3rd International conference on Mushroom Biology and Mushroom Product & AMGA’s 26th National Mushroom Industry Conference, Oct. Sydney. Australia pp. 12-16(1999).

Hoekstra, W. G.,“Biochemical function of selenium and its relation to vitamin E,”Fed. Procissn., Vol. 34, pp. 2083-2089(1975).

Houng, S. Y., and Robert .R. J., “Sodium hydroxide-induced conformational change in schizophyllan detected by the fluorescence dye, aniline blue,” Carbohydr. Res., Vol. 310.pp. 91-99(1998).




Huang, L. C.,“Antioxidant properties and polysaccharide composition analysis of Antrodia camphorata and Agaricus blazei,” Master Thesis, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, pp. 63-76 (2000).

Hseu, Y. J., Chang, W. H., Hseu, Y. T., Lee, C. Y., Yech, Y. J., Chen, J. Y., and Yang, H. L.,“Protection of oxidative damage by aqueous extract from Antrodia
Camphorate mycelia in normal human erythrocytes,” Life Sci., Vol. 71.pp. 469- 482(2002).

Hsieh, J. L., Wu, C. L., Lee, C. H., and Shiau, A. L.,“Hepatitis B virus X protein sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to cytolysis induced by E1B-deleted 41 Adenovirus through the disruption of p53 function,”Clin Cancer., Vol. 9. pp. 338-345(2003).

Lee I. H., Huang R. L., Chen C. T., Chen H. C., Hsu W. C., and Lu M. K., “Antrodia camphorate polysaccharides exhibit anti-hepatitis B virus effects,” FEMS Microbiology, Vol. 209. pp. 63-67(2002).

Lei, L. S. and Lin, Z. B.,“Effect of Ganoderma polysaccharides on T cell subpopulations and production and production of interleukin2 in mixed lymphocyte response,” Acta Pharmaceuica Sinica, Vol. 27(5). pp. 331-335
(1992).

Lei, L. S. and Lin, Z. B.,“ Effect of Ganoderma polysaccharides on the activity of DNA polymerase in α –spleen cells stimulated by alloantigens in mice in vitro,”AT. Beijing Medical University, Vol. 23(4). pp. 329-333(1991).

Lin, E. S., Chen, Y. H., “Factors affecting mycelia biomass and exopolysaccharide production in submerged cultivation of Antrodia cinnamomea using complex media,” Bioresour. Technol., Vol. 98, pp. 2511–2517(2007).

Lin, E. S., Sung, S. C.,“Cultivating conditions influence exopolysaccharide production by the edible Basidiomycete Antrodia cinnamomea in submerged culture” Int. J. Food. Microbiol., Vol. 108, pp. 182-187(2006).

Litchfield, J. H.,“Morel mushroom mycelium as a food flavoring material” Biotechnol. Bioeng., Vol. 9, pp. 289-304(1967)


Luskey, K. L.,and Stevens, B.,“Human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase. Conserved domains responsible for catalytic activity and sterol-regulated degradation,” J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 260(18), pp. 10271–10277(1985).

Mau, J. L., Huang, P. N., Huang, S. J., and Chen, C. C.,“Antioxidant properties of methanolic extracts from two kinds of Antrodia camphorate mycelia,” Food Chem., Vol. 86, pp. 25-31(2004).

Mau, J. L.,Tasi, J. L., Tseng, Y. H., and Huang, S. J.,“Antioxidant properties of methanolic extracts from Ganoderma tsugae,”Food Chem., Vol. 86 , pp. 641-649(2005).

Moo, S. K., Kyung, M. P., Ih, S. C., Hak, H. K., Young, C. S.,“β-(1,6)-
branched β-(1,3)-glucan in skin care,”Cosmetics & Toiletries, Vol. 115, pp. 79-
86(2000).

Michielse, C. B., Arentshorst, M., Ram, A. F. J., and Hondel, C. A. M. J. J. v. d., “Agrobacterium-mediated transformation leads to improved gene replacement efficiency in Aspergillus awamori,” Fungal Genet. Biol., Vol. 42, pp. 9-19 (2005).

Michielse, C. B., Ram, A. F. J., Hooykaas, P. J. J., and Hondel, C. A. M. J. J. v. d., “Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Aspergillus awamori in the absence of full length VirD2, VirC2 or VirE2 leads to insertion of aberrant T-DNA structures,” J. Bacteriol., Vol. 186, pp. 2038-2045 (2004a).

Michielse, C. B., Ram, A. F. J., Hooykaas, P. J. J., Hondel., and Hondel, C. A. M. J. J. v. d., “Role of bacterial virulence proteins in Agrobacterium mediated transformation of Aspergillus awamori,” Fungal Genet. Biol., Vol. 45, pp. 571-578 (2004b).

Nakamura, N., Hirakawa, A., Gao, J. J., Kakuda H., Shiro, M., Komatsu, Y.,Sheu, C. C., and Hattori, M.,“Five new maleic and succinic acid derivatives from the mycelium of Antrodia camphorate and their cytotoxic effects on LLC tumor cellline,” J. Nat. Prod., Vol. 67.pp. 46-48(2004).



Parker, L.,“Protective role of vitamin E in biological systems,” J. Clin. Nutr. , Vol. 53, pp. 1050-1055(1991).

Rose, A. H and Tempest, D. W., Advances In Microbisl Physiology,Academic press ing, London, Vol 15, pp.141-148(1977).

Roveri, A., Maiorine, M., and Ursini, F.,“Enzymatic and immunological measurements of soluble and membrance-bound PHGPx,” Method Enzymol, Vol. 233, pp. 202-212(1994).
Shen, Y. C., Wang, Y. H., Chou, C. F., Lin, L. C., Chang, T. T., Tien, T. H., and Chou, C. J.,“Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of Antrodia camphor ata” Planta Med., Vol. 70,pp. 310-314(2004a).

Shen, Y. C., Chou, C. J., Wang, Y. H., Chen, C. F., Chou, Y. C., and Lu, M. K., “Anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts from mycelia of Antrodia camphorata cultured with water-soluble fraction from five different Cinnamomum species”FEMS Microbiology, Vol.231:137-143,pp. 1-122(2004b).

Shen, Y. C., Yang, S. W., Lin, C. S., Chen, C. H., Kuo, Y. H., and Chen, C. F.,“Zhankuic acid F: a new metabolite from a Formosan fungus Antrodia cinnamomea,” Planta Med., Vol. 63, pp. 86-88(1997).

Shu, C. H., and Lung, M. Y.,“Effect of culture pH on the antioxidant properties
of Antrodia camphorata in submerged culture,” J. Chin. Inst. Chem. Eng ., Vol. 8, pp. 1-8(2008).

Song, T. Y., and Yen, G. C.,“ Protective effects of Fermented filtrate from Antrodia camphorate in submerged culture against CCl4-induced hepatic toxicity in rats,” J. Agric. Food Chem., Vol. 51. pp. 1571-1577(2003).

Song,T. Y. and Yen,G. C.“Antioxidant properties of Antrodia camphorate in submerged culture."J. Agric. Food Chem.,Vol. 50,pp. 3322-3327(2002).

Reiter,R. J.,“Oxidative damage in the central nervous system:protection by melatonin,” Prog. Neurobiol., Vol. 56. pp. 359-384(1998).

Rice-Evans, C. A., Miller, N. J., and Paganga, G., “Antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds,” Trends. Plant. Sci., Vol. 2, pp. 152-159(1997).

Takahashi, k., Avissar, N., Whitin, J., and Cohen, H.,“Purification and characterization of human plasma glutathione peroxidase: a selenoglycoprotein distinct from the known cellular enzyme,” Arch. Biochem. Biophys., Vol. 256, pp. 677-686(1987).

Wu, Y. Y., Chen, C. C., Chyau, C. C., Chung, S. Y., and Liu, Y. W., “Modulation of inflammation-related genes of polysaccharides fractionated from mycelia of medicinal basidiomycete Antrodia camphorate,” Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, Vol. 28, pp. 258–267(2007c).
Xiuchun, G. b., and Jianyong Wua.,“Tanshinone production and isoprenoid pathways in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots induced by Ag+ and yeast elicitor” Plant Sci., Vol. 168(2), pp. 487-491(2005).
Yadomae, T. O.,“ N structure-activity relationship of im-munomodulating (1 - 3)-beta-D-glucans recent res,”Chem. Pharm. Sci., Vol. 1.pp. 23-33(1996).

Yamaguchi, T., Takamura, H., Matoba, T., and Terao, J.,“HPLC method for evaluation of the free radical-scavenging activity by food by using 1,1-diohenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,”Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., Vol.62(6).pp.
1201-1204(1998)

Yang, S. W., Shen, Y. C., and Chen, C. H.,“Steroids and triterpenoids of Antrodia cinnamomea—a fungus parasitic on Cinnamomum micranthum,” Phytochemistry, Vol. 41, pp. 1389-1392(1996).
QRCODE
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top