中文部分
中華民國攀登協會(2004)。攀岩場地。 取自 http://climbing.org.tw/07court/index.htm
朱素玥、鄭天明、李佳豪(2008)。認真性休閒與心流體驗之關係-兼論情境涉入的角色。第十屆 休閒、遊憩、觀光學術研討會暨國際論壇。
朱笠瑄(2003)。東北角海岸攀岩冒險遊憩活動之研究。朝陽科技大學休閒事業管理系,碩士論文。呂慧珊(2006)。心流經驗與其前因對創造力的影響。國立中正大學企業管理所,博士論文。李玉麟(1997)。攀岩。國立體育學院運動教練研究所,碩士論文。李尚儒(2009)。山溪釣遊者釋獲行為、深度休閒特質、流暢體驗與地方依附感影響之研究。國立雲林科技大學,碩士論文 。李春安(2008)。衝浪者的專業化程度與擁擠規範之關係。國立東華大學觀光暨遊憩管理研究所,碩士論文。李素馨(1994)。典型相關分析-專業程度、遊憩動機和基地屬性認知關係之探討。戶外遊憩研究,7(3),39-62。沈金永(2008)。複合式游泳池會員的深度休閒特質對流暢經驗之影響。 國立雲林科技大學,碩士論文。林妙冠(2003)。網路學習者之電腦自我效能於數位學習滿意度與使用意願關聯性研究-以神迷經驗為中介變數。大葉大學資訊管理學系碩士班,碩士論文。林柏志(2009)。遊憩專門化、場所依戀、心流體驗之關係研究--以台灣池釣者為例。南華大學,碩士論文。林晉榮(2002)。體適能與健康相關生活品質。國民體育季刊,132。林淑芬、吳淑女(2006)。女性保健志工人格特質、組織承諾與神馳經驗關係之探討-以彰化縣市為例。人文暨社會科學期刊,2(1),78-88。林淑琍(2009)。自行車活動參與者人格特質、遊憩專門化與流暢體驗關係之研究。南華大學,碩士論文。林靜宜(2007)。創作動機、沉浸體驗對個人創意表現、創作滿意度、再創作意圖之影響。國立高雄大學經濟管理研究所,碩士論文。林佑瑾、李英弘、葉源鎰(2004)。認真性休閒與休閒阻礙關係之研究:以高爾夫運動者為例。戶外遊憩研究,17(3),51-79。
林震岩(2007)。 多變量分析:SPSS的操作與應用。台北市: 智勝文化。
范子琪(2007)。由網路玩家之心流體驗探討深度休閒與網路成癮之相關性。世新大學觀光學研究所,碩士論文。香港攀登運動總會(1997)。「運動攀登」簡介。 取自 http://www.hkscu.org/
張定綺(譯)(1993)。Csikszentmihalyi 著。快樂從心開始。台北: 天下文化。
張婷婷(2006)。攀岩者的參與動機與休閒知覺自由對休閒型態的影響。國立雲林科技大學休閒運動研究所,碩士論文。梁英文、曹勝雄(2007)。認真性休閒與場所依戀之關係:遊憩專門化扮演的角色。戶外遊憩研究,20(3),1-24。莊靜如(2007)。參與休閒活動之高齡者其內在參與動機、涉入、心流體驗與休閒滿意關係之研究。國立嘉義大學休閒事業管理研究所,碩士論文。陳宛螢(2008)。攀岩活動參與者神馳狀態與時間扭曲感變化相關之研究。大葉大學休閒事業學系,碩士論文。陳玟榆(2007)。影響志願服務者心流體驗與組織承諾因素之探究-以台中縣立港區藝術中心為例。朝陽科技大學休閒事業管理系碩士班,碩士論文。陳冠中(2008)。太極拳心流體驗量表編製。國立嘉義大學體育與健康休閒研究所,碩士論文。陳寬裕、歐典灝、毆人豪(2009)。認真性休閒特質與幸福感之研究:兼論配偶支持的干擾效果。觀光休閒學報,15(2),113-140。
黃孟立、高俊雄(2007)。深度休閒流暢經驗之研究─以晨泳會員為例。運動休閒餐旅研究,2(4),1-20。黃芳銘(2002)。結構方程模式理論與應用。台北:五南。
黃柏勳(2003)。攀岩。台北:輕舟。
楊胤甲(2006)。愛好自行車休閒運動者之流暢體驗、休閒效益與幸福感之研究。靜宜大學觀光事業研究所,碩士論文。楊原芳(2004)。內在休閒動機、認真型休閒特性與最適體驗關係之研究-以高爾夫球運動為例。中國文化大學,碩士論文。葉佩宸(2006)。認真休閒參與者退出因素之研究。國立臺灣師範大學,碩士論文。葉源鎰(2007)。具心流體驗之高爾夫運動參與者休閒阻礙與遊憩精熟度之相關性研究。戶外遊憩研究,20(1),69-94。詹前志(2005)。以遊憩專業化程度區隔人工攀岩場使用者之研究。世新大學觀光學系,碩士論文。歐聖榮(2007)。休閒遊憩理論與實務。台北:前程。
顏家芝、薛雅丹、黃文卿(2006)。從深度休閒理論探討太魯閣國家公園解說志工隊解說服務之投入程度與其深度休閒特質之關係。戶外遊憩研究,19(1),51-75。英文部分
Berger, B. G. (1996). Psychological benefits of an active lifestyle: What we know and what we need to know. Quest, 48, 330-353.
Bricker, K. S., & Kerstetter, D. L. (2000). Level of specialization and place attachment: An exploratory study of whitewater recreationists. Leisure Sciences, 22(4), 233-257.
Bryan, H. (1977). Leisure Value system and recreational specialization: The case of trout fishermen. Journal of Leisure Research, 9(3), 174-187.
Clarke, G. S., & Haworth, T. J. (1994). "Flow" experience in the lives of sixth-form colledge students. British Journal of Psychology, 85, 511-523.
Cole, J. S., & Scott, D. (1999). Segmenting participation in wildlife watching: A comparison of casual wildlife watchers and serious birders. Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 4(4), 44-61.
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1975). Beyond Boredom and Anxiety. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: the psychology of optimal experience. NY: Harper Collins.
Csikszentmihalyi , M. (1997). Finding flow: The psychology of engagement with everyday life. New York: Harper Collins.
Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Csikszentmihalyi, I. (1988). Optimal Experience:Psychological studies of flow in consciousness: Cambridge University Press.
Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Kleiber, D. A. (1991). Leisure and selfactualization. In B.L.Driver, P. J. Brown & G.L.Peterson (Eds.), Benefits of leisure(pp.91-102) State college, PA: Venture Publishing,Inc.
Csikszentmihalyi , M., & Larson, R. (1987). Validity and reliability of the experience - sampling method. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorders, 175, 526-536.
Csikszentmihalyi, M., & LeFevre, J. (1989). Optimal Experience in Work and Leisure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 815-822.
Ditton , R. B., Loomis, D. K., & Choi, S. (1992). Recreation specialization: Reconceptualization from a social world's perspective. Journal of Leisure Research, 24, 33-51.
Edgar, J. L., & Thomas, B. L. (1999). Serious Leisure. In R. A. Stebbins (Ed.), Leisure Studies: Prospects for the 21st Century (pp. 69-79): Venture Publishing,Inc.
Ellis, G. D., Voelkl, J. E., & Morris, G. (1994). Measurement and analysis issues with explanation of variance in daily experience using the flow. journal of Leisure Research, 26(4), 337-356.
Ewert, & Hollenhorst. (1994). Individual and setting attributes of the adventure recreation experience. Leisure Sciences, 16(3), 177-191.
Ewert, A., & Galloway, S. (2001). Adventure recreation: what's new for resourse managers, public policy analysis and recreation providers. Parks and Recreation, 36(2), 26-34.
Gibson, H., Willming, C., & Holdnak, A. (2002). "We're Gators...not just Gator fans":serious leisure and university of Florida football. Journal of Leisure Research, 34(4), 397-425.
Iso-Ahola, S. E. (1980). Toward a dialectal social psychology of leisure and recreation. In S. E. Iso-Ahola (Ed.), Social psychological perspectives on leisure and recreation. Spring field: Charles C. Thoma s.
Jackson, S. A. (1995). Factor influencing the occurrence of flow state in elite athletes. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 7, 138-166.
Jackson, S. A. (1996). Toward a conceptual under standing of the flow experience in elite athletes. Research Quarterly for Exerciseand Sport, 67(1), 76-90.
Jackson, S. A., & Csiksentmihalyi, M. (1999). Flow in sport Champaign. IL: Human Kinetic.
Jackson, S. A., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1999). Flow in Sports. Champaign: Human Kinetic.
Jackson, S. A., Kimiecik, J. C., Ford, S. K., & Marsh, H. W. (1998). Psychological correlates of flow in sport. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 20, 358-369.
Jackson, S. A., & Marsh, H. W. (1996). Development and validation of a scale to measure optimal experience: The Flow State Scale. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 18, 17-35.
Jones, I. (2000). A model of serious leisure identification: the case of football fandom. Leisure Studies, 19, 283-298.
Kerstetter, D. L., Confer, J. J., & Graefe, A. R. (2001). An exploration of the specialization concept within the context of heritage tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 39, 267-274.
Kuentzel, W. F., & Heberlein, T. A. (1992). Does specialization affect behavioral choices and quality judgments among hunters? Leisure Sciences, 14, 221-226.
Kuentzel, W. F., & McDonal, C. D. (1992). Differential effects of past experience,commitment, and lifestyle dimensions on river use specialization. Journal of Leisure Research, 24(3), 269-287.
Lee, J. H., & Scott, D. (2004). Measuring birding specialization: A confirmatory factor analysis. Leisure Sciences, 26, 245-260.
Lee, S. H., Graefe, A. R., & Li, C. L. (2007). The effects of specialization and gender on motivations and preferences for site attributes in paddling. Leisure Sciences, 29, 355-373.
Little, B. R. (1976). Specialization and the varieties of environmental experience: Empirical studies within the personality paradigm. In S.Wapner, S. Cohen & B. Kaplan (Eds.), Experiencing the environment (pp.81-116). New York: Plenum.
Mannell, R. C., Zuzanek, J., & Larson, R. (1988). Leisure statesand “flow” experience: testing perceived freedom and intrinsic motivation hypotheses. Journal of Leisure Research 20(4), 289-304.
Martin, S. R. (1997). Specialization and differences in setting preferences among wildlife viewers. Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 2(1), 1-18.
Massimini, F., & Carli, M. (1988). The Systematic Assessment of Flow in Daily Experience. In M. Csikszentmihalyi & I. Csikszentmihalyi (Eds.), Optimal Experience:Psychological studies of flow in consciousness: Cambridge University Press.
McFarlane, B. L. (1994). Specialization and motivations of birdwatchers. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 22, 361-370.
McFarlane, B. L. (2004). Recreation specialization and site choice among vehicle-based campers. Leisure Sciences, 26, 309-322.
McIntyre, N., & Pigram, J. J. (1992). Recreation specialization reexamined: The case of vehicle-based campers. Leisure Sciences, 14, 3-15.
Miller, C. A., & Graefe, A. R. (2000). Degree and range of specialization across related hunting activities. Leisure Sciences, 22(3), 195-204.
Moneta, G. B., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1996). The effect of perceived challenges and skill on the quality of subjective experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 275-310.
Needham, M. D., Vaske, J. J., Donnelly, M. P., & Manfredo, M. J. (2007). Hunting specialization and its relationship to participation in response to chronic wasting disease. Journal of Leisure Research, 39(3), 413-437.
Novak, P. T., & Hoffman, L. D. (1997). Measuring the flow experience among web users. [Interval Research Corporation].
Scott, D., Ditton, R. B., Stoll, J. R., & Lee, E. T. (2005). Measuring specialization among birders: Utility of a self-classification measure. Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 10(1), 53-74.
Scott, D., & Shafer, C. S. (2001). Recreational Specialization: A Critical Look at the Construct. Journal of Leisure Research, 33(3), 319-343.
Stebbins, R. A. (1982). Serious Leisure: a conceptual statement. Pacific Sociological Review, 25, 251-272.
Stebbins, R. A. (1992a). Amateurs, professionals, and serious leisure. Montreal, Quebec: McGill-Queens University Press.
Stebbins, R. A. (1992b). Hobbies as marginal leisure: The case of barbershop singers. Society and Leisure, 15, 375-386.
Stebbins, R. A. (1994). The liberal arts hobbies: A neglected subtype of serious leisure. Quebec: McGill-Queen's University Press.
Stebbins, R. A. (2001). Serious leisure. Society, 38(4), 53-58.
Trevino, L. K., & Webster, J. (1992). Flow in computer-mediated communication Communication Research, 19(5), 539-573.
Tsaur, S. H., & Liang, Y. W. (2008). Serious leisure and recreation specialization. Leisure Sciences, 30, 325-341.
Vaske, J., Dyar, R., & Timmons, N. (2004). Skill level and recreation conflict among skiers and snowboarders. Leisure Sciences, 26(2), 215-225.
Virden, R. J., & Schreyer, R. (1988). Recreation Specialization as An Indicator of Environmental Preference. Environment and Behavior, 20(6), 721-739.
Voelkl, J. E. (1990). The Challenge Skill Ratio of Daily Experience among Older Adults Residing in Nursing Home. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 24, 7-17.
Voelkl, J. E., & Ellis, G. D. (1998). Measuring flow experience in daily life: An examination of the items used to measure challenge and skill. Journal of Leisure Research, 30(3), 380-389.
Weekley, G. M. (2002). Recreation specialization as an indicator of environmental preference. Unpublished Unpublished master thesis, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV.