臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要在觀察牛樟椴木培養與平面培養牛樟芝之特徵、生長循環，並以光學顯微鏡鏡檢牛樟芝在牛樟椴木培養和平面培養之生長型態，嘗試繪出生活史。實驗發現，擔孢子萌發和生長密合度對牛樟芝菌絲平面培養及牛樟椴木培養的菌絲體和子實體生長影響甚大。牛樟椴木培養增加溼度方式和足夠空氣容易使子實體長出，尤其是在椴木凹陷、側方及下方會有子實體結構。觀察牛樟椴木子實體十一個月當中發現其顏色由最初之淡紅色轉為紅色帶白霧狀色直到呈現紅黃色；顯微鏡觀察零個月牛樟芝椴木有擔孢子、一個月開始有菌絲、兩個月有擔子、三~六個月膨脹擔子果分裂擔孢子衍生菌絲生長、八個月有節孢子，九個月菌絲接合、十個月擔子果、擔孢子、十一個月擔子果。牛樟芝平面培養生長受營養成分影響，第0天在培養皿中心點放置牛樟芝菌絲，第4天培養皿中心周圍有白色菌絲生長，第8天白色菌絲邊緣層開始有紅色菌絲擴散生長，第12~16天培養皿中心菌絲生長為一半面積，有紅色菌絲帶白色絨毛；顯微鏡觀察第0天培養擔孢子→第2~4天生長菌絲、扣子體→第6~8天轉變骨骼菌絲、節孢子→第12天節孢子融合膨脹擔子果→第14天擔子果逐漸成熟擔子→第16天成熟擔子分裂擔孢子，進行下一個循環生長週期。

In this study, the observation of growth traits and morphology of Antrodia camphorata on Cinnamomum kanehirai Hayata basswood and Petri dish (plate) were investigated. The optical microscope was also employed to examined the growth characteristics and eventually draw its life cycle. It was found that the germination of Antrodia camphorata basidiospore and growth seal tightness of Antrodia camphorata mycelium had a great impact on fruiting bodies. Increasing the humidity and sufficient air supply are crucial for fruiting bodies formation especially when mycelium appear in the notch, lateral, or bottom of basswood. The color of fruiting bodies of Antrodia camphorata in basswood was begin with light pink followed by red with mist white and then turns red to yellow during 11 months investigation. Meanwhile, Antrodia camphorata basidiospores was found in the basswood in the initial of cultivation, followed by hyphae (1st month), basidiomycota (2nd month), mycelial growth from basidiospores (derived from splitting of swelling basidiocarp) (3rd to 6th months), arthrospore (8th month), mycelium bonding (9th month), basidiocarp and basidiospores (10th month), and basidiocarp (11th month) was observed under microscope.
The growth of Antrodia camphorata in the plate was affected by nutrients. The Antrodia camphorata mycelium was inoculated at the center of the Petri dish and the white mycelium was observed at day 4. The red myceliums begin growth from white layer edge after 8th day. Subsequently, half of the plate spread with the white-hair-like red mycelium at 12 to 16 days of cultivation. The basidiospore was found in the inoculum at day 0 of culture under microscope. The growth of hyphae and clamp connections proceed for 2 to 4 days and changing to skeletal hyphae and arthrospore at 6th to 8th day. At 12th day, the arthrospore was fusion with expanded basidiocarp. The basidiocarp becomes mature and turns to basidiomycota after two weeks cultivation. Finally, the mature basidiomycota split to basidiospore at 16th day of inoculation. The life cycle of Antrodia camphorata is completed.

目錄
書名頁
博碩士論文授權書
論文口試委員審定書
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
致謝 IV
目錄 VI
表目錄 IX
圖目錄 X











第一章 前言 1
第二章 文獻回顧 2
2-1 牛樟樹的簡介 2
2-2 牛樟芝的簡介 2
2-3 真菌 7
2-4 真菌特徵 8
第三章 牛樟芝平面培養 15
3-1 實驗材料與方法 15
3-1-1 材料來源 15
3-1-2 牛樟芝平面培養基製備 17
3-2 結果討論 20
3-2-1 牛樟芝平面培養基之生長型態 20
3-2-2 牛樟芝平面培養基方法對照 22
3-2-3 牛樟芝光學顯微鏡觀察生長 25
第四章 牛樟芝椴木培養 34
4-1 實驗步驟 34
4-2 培養牛樟椴木A、B、C、D、E 37
4-3 牛樟芝椴木子實體生長型態 38
4-4 結果討論 39
第五章 結論與展望 57
第六章 參考文獻 59


附錄 60
附錄一﹑牛樟芝藥理作用和生物活性成分(翻譯) 60
附錄二﹑朝陽科技大學走入式培養室牛樟椴木樟芝生長情形 104
作者簡歷 134

1.丁澤民、王偉、張世玲、連慧瑞，「生物學」，藝軒圖書文具有限公司(1991)。

2.王昱昇、尤封陵、汪蕙蘭、李英中、施玟伶、許世元、郭加恩，「基礎微生物
學」，美商麥格羅希爾出版(2006)。

3.吳聲華、周文能、王世珍，「台灣真菌子囊菌與擔子菌的認識」。國立自然科學
博物館(2002)。

4.周純芬、彭洪文，「微生物學速成」，合記圖書出版社(2005)。

5.林苡芬，「不同發酵碳源之牛樟芝菌絲體發酵過濾液對人類肝癌細胞株之影
響」，國立臺灣大學食品科技研究所碩士論文(2004)。

6.楊盛行、李昆達、陳建源、劉俊民，「基礎微生物學」，藝軒圖書文具有限公司
(2007)。

7.劉業經，「臺灣重要樹木彩色圖誌」，國立中興大學，臺灣省林務局合作研究報
告(1970)。

8.鄧小晨、胡承，「微生物學」，新文京開發出版有限公司(2003)。

9.Geethangili M, and Tzeng Y. M., 2011, Review of
Pharmacological Effects of Antrodia camphorata and Its
Bioactive Compounds. Evidence-Based Complementary and
Alternative Medicine, Article ID 212641,
DOI:10.1093/ecam/nep108.