臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究旨在探討臺灣地區人民的價值觀取向與Schwartz之人類價值觀理論模式的適配程度。研究方法採次級資料分析法，資料來源為中央研究院調查研究專題中心學術調查研究資料庫之2006「臺灣世界價值觀調查」原始資料，有效樣本為1227份。本研究之資料處理採用描述性統計、考驗、單因子變異數分析、驗証性因素分析與多元尺度分析等方法，分析結果之具體發現如下：
一、臺灣社會的價值觀屬性與西方社會的價值觀屬性相反。
二、臺灣地區人民的價值觀模式與Schwartz價值觀模式部份適配。
三、不同性別、年齡與教育程度之臺灣地區人民在Schwartz四個價值觀 構面之取向偏好與Schwartz的推論大部份一致。
四、縮減題項後之Schwartz PVQ價值量表，未能符合良好測驗之條件 與標準。
根據上述之研究結論，對後續之研究者與價值觀相關教育工作者，分別提出研究工具、研究內容、研究方法、統計方法與延伸研究等具體建議。

This study was intended to validate the structure of Schwartz human value theory by analyzing the secondary data of world values survey conducted in Taiwan on 2006. Secondary data analysis was adopted in this study. Totally 1227 valid samples had been extracted from 2006 world values survey database of Taiwan. The extracted data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way analysis of variance, confirmatory factor analysis and multidimensional scaling. Finding of this study are listed as follows:
1. The value attribute of Taiwanese society is contrary with Western society.
2. The value structure of Taiwanese is partially adapted with human value structure of Schwartz’s theory.
3. The value orientation of different gender, age and educational attainment of Taiwanese confirmed with the assumption of Schwartz’s theory.
4. The item reduced P.V.Q. value scale did not meet the conditions and standards of good test.
According to the finding above, recommendations have made to the educator and researcher for further reference.

目 次
第一章 緒論
第一節 研究背景與動機 ……………………………………………… 1
第二節 研究目的與問題 ……………………………………………… 9
第三節 名詞解釋 ……………………………………………………… 10
第四節 研究範圍與限制 ……………………………………………… 11
第二章 文獻探討
第一節 價值觀的理論 ………………………………………………… 13
第二節 價值觀的內涵 ………………………………………………… 45
第三節 價值觀的相關研究 …………………………………………… 54
第三章 研究設計與實施
第一節 研究架構與假設 ……………………………………………… 65
第二節 研究方法與樣本 ……………………………………………… 69
第三節 研究工具 ……………………………………………………… 75
第四節 資料處理與分析 ……………………………………………… 87
第五節 研究程序 ……………………………………………………… 89
第四章 研究結果與討論
第一節 敘述性統計分析 ……………………………………………… 91
第二節 驗證性因素分析 ……………………………………………… 94
第三節 人口特徵差異分析 ……………………………………………… 110
第四節 分佈構形檢定 ………………………………………………… 119
第五章 研究結論與建議
第一節 研究結論 ……………………………………………………… 127
第二節 研究建議 ……………………………………………………… 129
參考文獻
一、中文部份 ………………………………………………………… 133
二、西文部份 ………………………………………………………… 135
附錄
附錄一 英文版2006世界價值觀調查問卷 …………………………… 141
附錄二 中文版2006世界價值觀調查問卷 ………………………… 159
表 次

表2-1-1 組織文化層次比較表 ……………………………………………… 15
表2-1-2 Erikson心理社會理論的人生八大發展階段 ……………………… 18
表2-1-3 人類思維的神經邏輯層次的內涵 ………………………………… 22
表2-1-4 Kluckhohn與Srodtbeck的價值導向模式 ……………………… 24
表2-1-5 Rockeach的價值觀模式 ………………………………………… 32
表2-1-6 Schwartz的價值觀模式 …………………………………………… 34
表2-1-7 Schwartz十類價值取向與人口特徵相關性之實徵研究摘要表 … 41
表2-1-8 價值觀相關研究一覽表 43
表2-2-1 Schwartz PVQ 價值量表之原始題目對照表 …………………… 52
表2-3-1 價值關相關研究問題之分類統計 ………………………………… 60
表3-1-1 Schwartz四個構面屬性與十類價值取向之操作型定義對照表 … 67
表3-2-1 抽樣樣本代表性檢定結果 ………………………………………… 73
表3-2-2 成功樣本代表性檢定結果（加權後） …………………………… 74
表3-3-1 背景變項資料過錄對照表 ………………………………………… 79
表3-3-2 背景變項樣本摘要表 ……………………………………………… 80
表3-3-3 研究變項資料過錄對照表 ………………………………………… 80
表3-3-4 研究變項樣本摘要表 ……………………………………………… 83
表3-3-5 二個因素構面之轉軸後的因素矩陣 ……………………………… 85
表3-3-6 四個因素構面之轉軸後的因素矩陣 ……………………………… 86
表4-1-1 臺灣地區人民價值觀偏好之分析摘要 …………………………… 91
表4-1-2 臺灣地區人民價值觀四構面分析摘要 …………………………… 92
表4-2-1 驗證性因素分析之參數估計表 …………………………………… 96
表4-2-2 修正後之驗證性因素分析之參數估計表 ………………………… 97
表4-2-3 整體模型配適度檢定摘要表………………………………………… 101
表4-2-4 整體模型配適度檢定摘要表（Bollen-Stine bootstrap修正後） 102
表4-2-5 各測量指標之標準化因素負荷量與信效度檢定摘要表 ………… 104
表4-2-6 AVE區別效度分析摘要表 ……………………………………… 105
表4-3-1 不同性別之差異比較摘要表 ……………………………………… 110
表4-3-2 不同年齡之差異比較摘要表 ……………………………………… 111
表4-3-3 不同教育程度之差異比較摘要表 ………………………………… 113
表4-3-4 不同人口特徵變項在Schwartz四個價值構面之差異比較摘要表 114
表4-4-1 「因素分析」之因素負荷量與「多元尺度分析」之座標值對照表 122
表4-4-2 臺灣地區人民價值取向與Schwartz理論對照表 ……………… 125
圖 次

圖2-1-1 組織文化的三個層次 ……………………………………………… 15
圖2-1-2 社會系統理論在環境文化層面的模式 …………………………… 16
圖2-1-3 Erikson心理社會理論八大發展階段間之交互影響關係圖 ……… 19
圖2-1-4 人類思維的神經邏輯層次 ………………………………………… 21
圖2-1-5 Schwartz的十類價值取向之結構關係 …………………………… 36
圖2-3-1 「價值觀」相關博碩士論文篇數統計 …………………………… 59
圖2-3-2 「價值觀」相關博碩士論文分類排行統計 ……………………… 59
圖2-3-3 「價值觀」相關研究問題之分類排行統計 ……………………… 61
圖3-1-1 Schwartz價值觀模式之測量模式圖 ……………………………… 66
圖4-1-1 臺灣地區人民價值觀取向優先順序圖 …………………………… 92
圖4-2-1 標準化驗證性因素分析測量模式徑路圖 ………………………… 95
圖4-2-2 Bollen-Stine分佈圖 ……………………………………………… 102
圖4-3-1 不同性別之平均數圖 ……………………………………………… 115
圖4-3-2 不同年齡之平均數圖 ……………………………………………… 116
圖4-3-3 不同教育程度之平均數圖 ………………………………………… 118
圖4-4-1 線性適合度散佈圖（歐基里德直線距離模式） ………………… 119
圖4-4-2 因素分析所得之十項價值取向分佈構形 ………………………… 121
圖4-4-3 多元尺度分析所得之十項價值取向分佈構形 …………………… 122
圖4-4-4 Schwartz以最小空間分析法所得之人類價值觀環狀分佈構形 123
圖4-4-5 臺灣地區人民十項價值取向之環狀構形圖 ……………………… 124

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