臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在台灣，牛樟芝是一種非常有名的中國傳統食用菌類藥物，近年來有研究指出，它具有抗氧化和抗癌功用。然而近幾年來台灣牛樟芝最近以來已經應用在中國傳統醫學上，以治療食物及藥物中毒，腹瀉，高血壓和肝癌等，但是目前卻很少有生物活性的試驗報告。再者，細胞凋亡和癌症之間的關係受到相當多的重視，有越來越多相關研究顯示腫瘤轉化、發展和轉移的相關過程涉及改變正常的細胞凋亡途徑。
　　台灣的婦女中，乳癌是最常見的惡性腫瘤。在乳癌中大約有三分之一的患者發展轉移，最後進展為乳癌末期。儘管如此現在對於早期乳癌的治療還是使用化療的方式。乳癌就像其他癌症一樣，由於環境和有缺陷的基因之間的相互作用產生後，正常的細胞會受限於細胞週期，當細胞發生不正常時細胞會啟動修復及凋亡機制，但是癌症細胞不受到細胞週期的限制，不會啟動修復及凋亡機制，進而產生癌化細胞。在美國，有10％至20％乳癌和卵巢癌患者，其一級或二級親屬有這些疾病，這些癌症的家族遺傳傾向，被稱為遺傳性乳腺癌 - 卵巢癌綜合徵。
將培養的MCF-7乳癌細胞加入不同濃度的台灣牛樟芝萃取物（5-20 μg/ml），因此MCF-7細胞開始產生細胞凋亡，染色質濃縮， 甚至DNA序列片段. sub G1階段累積。此外，在MCF-7乳癌細胞凋亡的過程中，將伴隨著細胞色素c釋放，caspase 3 活化，和 PARP的裂解。研究顯示，牛樟芝萃取物透過誘導細胞凋亡，抑制MCF-7乳癌的細胞生長，它未來可能將具有抗癌藥物產品中的高度應用價值。

In Taiwan, Antrodia camphorata is a very famous Chinese traditional medicine, in recent years, studies have pointed out that it has antioxidant and anti-cancer function. Taiwan Antrodia camphorata, however, recently has been applied in traditional Chinese medicine and used to treat food poisoning, diarrhea, high blood pressure and liver cancer, but very few biological activity test report. In recent years, the relationship between apoptosis and cancer are quite a lot of attention, more and more studies have shown that tumor transformation, progression and metastasis process involves changing the normal apoptotic pathway.
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in Taiwan women. Approximately one-third of all women with breast cancer develops metastases and ultimately expires due to the effects of the disease. Despite the fact that many tumors initially respond to chemotherapy, breast cancer cells can subsequently survive and gain resistance to the treatment. Breast cancer, like other cancers, occurs because of an interaction between the environment and a defective gene. Normal cells divide as many times as needed and stop. They attach to other cells and stay in place in tissues. Cells become cancerous when mutations destroy their ability to stop dividing, to attach to other cells and to stay where they belong. In the United States, 10-20% of breast and ovarian cancer patients, one or two relatives with these diseases, these cancers familial tendency, known as hereditary breast cancer - ovarian cancer syndrome.
Antrodia camphorata (5-20 μg / ml) the cultured MCF-7 breast cancer cells with different concentrations of the MCF-7 cells undergo apoptosis, chromatin condensation, and even DNA sequence fragment accumulation of sub G1 stage.Further, in the process of apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, will be accompanied by cytochrome c activation Caspase 3 of release, and PARP degradation.Studies have shown that Antrodia camphorata through induction of apoptosis, inhibit the growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells, it may be the high value products with anti-cancer drugs.

授權書.................................................................................................I
目錄....................................................................................................III
圖目錄................................................................................................V
致謝....................................................................................................VII
中文摘要.............................................................................................X
Abstract...............................................................................................XII
I.前言
1.1 背景資料......................................................................................1
1.1.1 乳癌的病理機制.......................................................................1
1.1.2 台灣牛樟芝...............................................................................4
1.1.3 細胞凋亡...................................................................................5
1.2 研究目的......................................................................................7
II.方法與材料
2.1 材料..............................................................................................8
2.2 台灣牛樟芝的萃取與製備..........................................................9
2.3 細胞培養和與細胞存活率分析.................................................10
2.3.1 人類乳癌細胞株......................................................................10
2.3.2 細胞冷凍與解凍......................................................................10
2.3.3 繼代培養..................................................................................11
2.3.4 細胞總蛋白萃取......................................................................11
2.3.5 細胞毒性試驗..........................................................................11
2.4 流式細胞技術試驗.....................................................................13
2.5 西方墨點分析法.........................................................................15
2.6 統計學分析................................................................................16
III.結果
3.1 牛樟芝萃取物對於MCF-7細胞的生長與存活力影響.............17
3.2 流式細胞技術測定MCF-7細胞的存活力.................................19
3.3 牛樟芝萃取物對於細胞色素c釋放，caspase 3 活化，和 PARP 裂解的響..............................................................................................20
3.4 牛樟芝萃取物對於Bcl-XL protein的影響...............................21
IV. 討論與結論......................................................................22
參考文獻.........................................................................................25
圖與表.............................................................................................30
附錄.................................................................................................38

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