臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

多數國家的進步與發長過程中，都是在以前農業社會慢慢轉型成工業社會，多數的工業社會國家多以製造業為主，而為製造業的打下基礎撐起這一片天的主要人員多是基層的勞工同胞。在這份研究中，主要在研討職業安全衛生的之重要因素，以南部大型鋼鐵公司之基層勞工安全健康衛生的管理執行上的管理層級人員及專家為調查對象，包含業界廠處長級管理職主管、政府機關勞檢處官員、從事爭取改善勞工福利條件之勞團理事長及資深基層員工，期望能提供職業勞工安全衛生健康文化在如何建立執行之指導方針。
此研究根據學生多年來在大型鋼鐵業的職業安全衛生管理工作經驗及在各種層別的接觸基礎下，自行構制成一『製造業安全衛生文化準則表』為探討研究基礎，在各種綜合評量下架設出四大探討構面為:A職業安全衛生政策、B職業安全衛生管理推動及監督查核、C機械設備環境管理要求、D人員作業管理等，以及十三項評估準則，並採取向專家學者及業界個別以問卷方式進行深度訪談，利用運用多評準決策方法（Multiple Criteria Decision Making, MCDM）創建安全衛生文化樣本，再進行彙整分析，得到以下結果：「安全衛生文化」四大構面中，「職業安全衛生管理推動及監督查核」為總影響源；「職業安全衛生政策」構面總影響源為「職業安全衛生法令與管理系統認證」；「職業安全衛生管理推動及監督查核」構面總影響源為「政府機關督導」；「機械設備管理及作業環境要求」構面總影響源為「5S規畫執行與管理」；「人員作業管理」構面總影響源為「職業安全衛生教育訓練及專業證照」。
本研究依據上述研討結果，針對製造業安全衛生文化提出以下改善建議：
1、遵照且優於政府職業安全衛生法令規定及取得管理系統認證
2、建立培養現場基層主管(股長級)走動式安全管理制度，實施股長安全衛生管理
機制。
3、建立機械設備完修時程之電腦化管理，及確實制定各種SOP及風險評估並適當
依照現況修改。
4、落實職業安全衛生教育訓練，及培訓人員考取證照，

關鍵字：安全衛生文化、鋼鐵公司、製造業、決策實驗室分析法、多評準決策方法

Abstract

The trajectory of the progress and development in many countries tend to evolve from the agricultural society in the past into an industrial society gradually. In most countries, the industrial societies rely heavily on the manufacturing industry, whose personnel are mainly grassroots laborers that shoulder the burden and open up a new era. This study mainly examines the major factors of occupational safety and health, with the personnel at the management level and experts of the management of grassroots labor health and hygiene in the huge steel factories in southern Taiwan as the objects, including the directors and mangers in factories, officials of labor inspection departments in the governmental organizations, directors in labors’ unions that fight for better welfare for labors and senior grassroots laborers. It is hoped to provide references in contrasting guidelines for the execution of occupational safety and health culture for laborers.
This study is the experiences of the researcher in working in huge steel factories in the areas of occupational safety and health management and with labors at different levels. With the “Occupation Safety and Health Culture Checklist for the Manufacturing Industry” that constitutes an entity of its own at the foundation of research, four perspectives have been constructed with integrated evaluations: A. occupational safety and health policy; B. occupational safety and health promotion, monitoring and inspection; C. requirements on the machinery design environment and management; D. personnel management. With 13 evaluation criteria, individual questionnaires and in-depth interviews were conducted with experts, scholars and industries. Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) was used to construct the safety and health culture samples for summary and analysis. The results were derived: “the perspective of “occupational safety and health” was “The Occupational Safety and Health Act and Certification of Management System”; the perspective of “Occupational Safety and Health Management, Promotion, Monitoring, and Inspection” was the “Supervision of Government Organizations”; the total affecting sources of the perspective of “Machinery Facilities Management and Operation Environment’s Requirements” were “5S Plans Execution and Management”; the affecting sources of the perspective of the “Personnel’s Operation Management” was “the Educational Training and Professional Certification of Occupational Safety and Health”.
According to the results of this study, the suggestions for the occupational safety and health culture of the manufacturing industry are as follows:
1. Follow the laws and regulations on occupational safety and health at a higher standard and obtain certification from the management system.
2. Establish and cultivate grassroots managers (at the section chief level) with the mobile safety management system to implement section chief safety and health mechanism.
3. Establish the computerized management of machine facilities maintenance, construct SOPs accurately and evaluate the risk for appropriate rectification according to the current conditions.
4. Consolidate educational training on occupational safety and health, and train personnel to obtain certifications by taking the related tests.

Keywords: safety and health culture, steel company, DEMATEL, manufacturing industry, Multiple Criteria Decision Making

目 錄
摘 要………………………………………………………………………………………i
ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………………………iii
銘 謝………………………………………………………………………………………v
目 錄 ……………………………………………………………………………………vi
圖 目 錄………………………………………………………………………………viii
表 目 錄 ………………………………………………………………………………ix
第一章 緒論 ……………………………………………………………………………1
第一節 研究背景與動機……………………………………………………………1
第二節 研究目的……………………………………………………………………4
第三節 研究範圍……………………………………………………………………4
第四節 研究方法與流程……………………………………………………………5
第二章 文獻探討…………………………………………………………………………7
第一節 職業安全衛生政策…………………………………………………………7
第二節 職業安全衛生管理推動及監督查核 ……………………………………16
第三節 機械設備管理及作業環境要求 …………………………………………21
第四節 人員作業管理 ……………………………………………………………35
第五節 構面準則文獻彙整 ………………………………………………………45
第三章 研究方法 ………………………………………………………………………50
第一節 研究對象及研究方法流程 ………………………………………………50
第二節 應用DEMATEL方法建立系統結構模型 ………………………………52
第三節 應用DANP方法計算準則權重 …………………………………………55
第四節 應用修正式VIKOR選取最佳方案………………………………………59
第四章 實證分析 ………………………………………………………………………62
第一節 專家訪談與指標架構之修正 ……………………………………………62
第二節 問卷與正式指標架構之建立及訪談名單及方式 ………………………63
第三節 應用DEMATEL建構影響網絡關係 ……………………………………65
第四節 結合DEMATEL與ANP計算準則權重…………………………………75
第五節 運用VIKOR求取總績效及改善策略……………………………………79
第六節 研究結果與討論 …………………………………………………………80
第五章 結論與建議 ……………………………………………………………………85
參考文獻…………………………………………………………………………………92
一、中文部分………………………………………………………………………92
二、英文部分………………………………………………………………………93
三、網站部分………………………………………………………………………98
附錄 研究問卷 ……………………………………………………………………99

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