臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

陣列天線具有提升資料傳輸量與改善通訊品質等優點，近年來由於第五代行動通訊即將運行，其中新增的毫米波頻段因大氣中的氧氣與水氣使電磁波的信號快速衰減，使天線傳輸距離較短的問題，需要使用到陣列天線來增加傳輸距離。但陣列天線的缺點是尺寸較大且造價昂貴，且運用的頻段在30 GHz，對天線設計來說，相較於Sub-6GHz頻段的天線，無論是天線本身的特性或是材料的相關參數，在毫米波頻段下，將會大幅增加設計上的限制與難度。
本論文設計主軸為應用於毫米波頻段的高增益陣列天線，並針對其旁波位準進行優化，共提出兩款陣列天線，皆使用RT 5880板材進行設計。第一款天線設計為串聯式微帶陣列天線，為目前較為常見的陣列天線形式，且透過類似二項式分布的排列方式改變天線各元件的寬度來實現不等振幅設計，使其在不影響天線增益的情況下，旁波位準從-13 dB改善至-18 dB；第二款天線為使用了基板整合波導的槽孔陣列天線設計，其中以改變Via的位置改變槽孔的輻射電阻來抑制旁波瓣，並在最佳化後的結果，可以將旁波位準從-7.5 dB改善至-12.5 dB。上述兩種天線尺寸最寬處僅7 mm，設計簡單易於製作，且不論在場型、增益、天線效率及旁波位準上，皆取得良好的效能。

In this thesis, the high-gain array antennas applied in the millimeter-wave band has been proposed for the optimized sidelobe level. Two antenna arrays are proposed, which are designed with RT/duroid 5880. The first antenna design is a cascade microstrip array antenna, which is the most common array antenna. Where the width of each antenna element is changed through a similar binomial distribution arrangement to achieve unequal amplitude design, Which not effects antenna gain. The sidelobe level is achieved to -18 dB from -13 dB. The second antenna is a slot array antenna design that uses a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW). Modify the position of vias which affects radiation resistance, therefor suppress sidelobe. The optimized result indicates the sidelobe level from -7.5 dB improved to -12.5 dB. Those sizes of two array antennas less than 7mm for the width of the structure. The design is simple and easy to manufacture. Those have good performance indeed from the result of the radiation field, gain, antenna efficiency, and sidelobe level.

摘 要 III
ABSTRACT IV
誌 謝 V
目 錄 VI
表 目 錄 VIII
圖 目 錄 IX
第一章 序論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機與文獻導覽 2
1.3 論文架構 3
第二章 基礎理論 4
2.1 傳輸線與天線理論概述 4
2.1.1 波導與傳輸線形式 4
2.1.2 傳輸線理論 7
2.1.3 天線理論概述與系統觀 17
2.1.4 基板整合波導理論 24
2.2 微帶天線原理與設計 29
2.3 槽孔天線原理與設計 40
2.4 陣列天線原理與設計 45
2.5 毫米波頻段之特性 51
第三章 串聯式微帶陣列天線設計 55
3.1 前言 55
3.2 天線設計與模擬結果 56
3.3 天線實測結果與討論 65
3.4 結論 75
第四章 結合基板整合波導之槽孔陣列天線設計 76
4.1 前言 76
4.2 天線設計與模擬結果 77
4.3 天線實驗結果與討論 87
4.4 結論 96
第五章 研究總結與未來研究發展 97
5.1 研究總結 97
5.2 未來研究發展 99
參考文獻 100

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