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研究生:吳駿一
研究生(外文):Chun-Yi Wu
論文名稱:18F-Fluoroacetat作為正子造影劑之生物特性研究暨放射性氟標記核苷類似物之合成及其作為基因探針於基因造影應用之研究
論文名稱(外文):The biological study of 18F-Fluoroacetate as a PET probe & the radiochemical synthesis of radiolabeled fluorinated nucleoside analogues and study as gene imaging probes
指導教授:王信二
指導教授(外文):Hsin-Ell Wang
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立陽明大學
系所名稱:放射醫學科學研究所
學門:醫藥衛生學門
學類:醫學技術及檢驗學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2007
畢業學年度:95
語文別:中文
論文頁數:110
中文關鍵詞:氟醋酸鹽核苷類似物正子斷層掃描基因造影劑
外文關鍵詞:FluoroacetateNucleoside analoguePositron emission tomographyGene expression probe
相關次數:
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  • 點閱點閱:484
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  • 下載下載:36
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:0
18F-Fluoroacetate 做為正子造影劑之生物特性研究
中文摘要
目的:醋酸鹽(acetate, Ac)在生物體內主要做為acetyl-CoA的提供
者,臨床上[11C]acetate ([11C]Ac)常被用於多種腫瘤的正子
斷層掃瞄(positron emission tomography, PET)診斷造影,
然而,C-11的短半衰期 (20分鐘)往往限制了它在臨床上的應
用。本研究以[18F]fluoroacetate ([18F]FAc)於荷腫瘤及發
炎組織老鼠模式下的表現,並與[18F]FDG在相同動物模式的結
果做比較,評估[18F]FAc做為PET造影診斷核醫藥物的潛力。
材料與方法:以ethyl bromoacetate為起始物,經兩步驟合成,可於
60分鐘內完成[18F]FAc的製備,產物放射化學純度>
98%,平均標記產率可達60% (decay corrected)。本研
究以二株腫瘤細胞 (NG4TL4 sarcoma和LLC1 lung
carcinoma)進行三種正子腫瘤造影藥物([18F]FAc,
[11C]Ac和[18F]FDG)的細胞攝取以及動物試驗,並比較
其結果。雄性FVB/N小鼠由左前肢皮下注入約0.1 mL
(含2x105)之NG4TL4 sarcoma細胞以誘發腫瘤。雄性
C57BL/6小鼠由左前肢皮下注入約0.1 mL (含2x106)之
LLC1 lung carcinoma細胞以誘發腫瘤,於進行放射藥
物實驗前3天,荷LLC1 lung carcinoma 之C57BL/6小鼠
再於對側肢體(右前肢)皮下注射0.1 mL松節油以誘發發
炎反應。
結果:細胞攝取實驗結果顯示,NG4TL4 sarcoma及LLC1 lung
carcinoma對[18F]FDG攝取(cell-to-medium ratio)皆隨時間
持續上升,且明顯高於其對[18F]FAc的攝取。而NG4TL4
sarcoma對[11C]Ac的攝取則較[18F]FAc與[18F]FDG為低,且在
30分鐘實驗期間內,其積聚量不隨時間改變。於兩種動物模式
中,腫瘤相較其他正常器官(除骨骼外)皆有明顯之[18F]FAc活
性積聚,在C57BL/6小鼠模式中,[18F]FAc於發炎亦有相當顯
著的活性積聚,只略低於腫瘤。[18F]FAc與[18F]FDG二者之
microPET造影皆能清楚偵測腫瘤及發炎組織,且生物分布實驗
結果與microPET造影結果一致。此外,生物分布實驗指出,
MicroPET造影中,注射[18F]FAc後骨骼的高活性積聚主要是由
於氟醋酸鹽在囓齒類動物體內脫氟現象所致。
結論:本研究成功製備高放射化學純度及產率之醋酸鹽類似物
[18F]FAc。MicroPET造影結果顯示[18F]FAc在兩種動物模式中
皆能偵測腫瘤,且於發炎部位亦有明顯的積聚。相較於
[11C]Ac,F-18較長的半衰期使[18F]FAc成為甚具潛力之PET造
影診斷核醫藥物。

放射性氟標幟核苷類似物之合成及其做為基因探針於基因造影應用之研究
中文摘要
目的:本研究主要目的為合成以氟-18 放射性同位素標定之胸腺嘧啶
衍生物[18F]FMAU及[18F]FEAU,並進行其生物特性測定,所獲
實驗結果將據以評估[18F]FEAU及[18F]FMAU的核子醫學影像是
否可用於評估基因治療療效之用。
材料與方法:以自行合成之2-O-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,3,5-
tri-O-benzoyl-b-D-ribofuranose做為標記前驅物,約
經3.5小時可得[18F]FMAU及[18F]FEAU產物,兩者之放
射化學純度皆>99%,放射化學產率經衰減校正皆可達
15~20%,進行[18F]FMAU、[18F]FEAU及[131I]FEAU三種
胸腺嘧啶衍生物在NG4TL4-STK (tk(+))和NG4TL4-WT
(tk(-))細胞的攝取實驗。於FVB/N小鼠右肩種植tk(+)
細胞,於左肩種植tk(-)細胞,於植入後第12天腫瘤成
長至約100~150 mm3時,進行[18F]FEAU或[18F]FMAU之
生物分布實驗及microPET造影。
結果:本實驗已成功合成[18F]FEAU與[18F]FMAU。細胞攝取實驗顯示
tk(+) 細胞對[18F]FEAU與[18F]FMAU的攝取(cell-to-medium
ratio)皆明顯多於tk(-)細胞;加入[18F]FEAU藥物並培養120
分鐘後,tk(+)與tk(-)細胞之藥物攝取比值(141.08)明顯大於
加入[18F]FMAU者(7.82),應是由於[18F]FMAU可於細胞增生時
被攝取併入DNA中所致。對荷肉瘤小鼠的生物分布實驗結果顯
示,尾靜脈注射[18F]FEAU後,除了tk(+)腫瘤和尿液之放射活
性積聚隨時間上升,其他器官包括tk(-)腫瘤之累積活性,皆
隨時間快速下降;tk(+)/tk(-)腫瘤攝取比值隨時間而上升,
於120分鐘達最高點(21.4)。而[18F]FMAU注射後120分鐘,除
了tk(+)腫瘤和尿液有多量放射活性積聚外,小腸、胰臟、腎
臟等亦有活性累積。注射[18F]FEAU後的microPET造影,顯示
僅tk(+)腫瘤處呈現大量活性積聚;而注射[18F]FMAU者,除tk
(+)腫瘤外、tk(-)腫瘤和快速增生器官亦有多量活性積聚,
microPET造影與生物分布實驗結果相符。
結論:本研究已成功建立多步驟合成[18F]FMAU與[18F]FEAU並進行生
物特性實驗,生物分布與微正子電腦斷層造影(microPET)結果
均顯示,[18F]FEAU可做為HSV1-tk基因造影劑,而[18F]FMAU
則可做為臨床腫瘤增生PET診斷造影劑。
The biological study of 18F-Fluoroacetate as a PET probe
Abstract
Objectives: [11C]acetate ([11C]Ac) has been used as a probe
of tumor detection through entry into anabolic
pathways as mediated by acetyl-coenzyme A.
However, the short half-life of C-11 (20 min)
limits its widespread usage in clinical PET
applications. This study evaluated the
fluorinated analog, [18F]fluoroacetate
([18F]FAc), as a PET probe for monitoring
NG4TL4 sarcoma, LLC1 lung carcinoma and
inflammation in different mouse models.
Methods: Starting from ethyl bromoacetate, [18F]FAc was
prepared by a two-step synthesis in 60 min with
high yield (60%, decay corrected) and high
radiochemical purity (>98%). The cellular uptake
studies of the three thymidine analogues [18F]FAc,
[18F]FDG and [11C]Ac in NG4TL4 sarcoma cell lines
were conducted.FVB/N mice were inoculated with 2×
105 NG4TL4 sarcoma cells in the left shoulder and
C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with 2×106 LLC1 cells
in the left shoulder on day 0. C57BL/6 mice were
injected with 0.1 mL turpentine oil in the right
shoulder and 3 days before animal experiments.
Results: Cell uptake study showed that there are steady
increase in the cell-to-medium ratio of 18F-FDG
and 18F-FAc with time. The radioactivitie of [11C]
Ac retained in NG4TL4 sarcoma cells were less than
that of [18F]FAc and [18F]FDG and maintain stable
within 30 min. The in vivo microPET imaging
revealed that the prominent accumulation of [18F]
FAc in NG4TL4 and LLC1 tumor, compared with all
normal organs except bone, was observed in entire
period of experiment.The radioactivity of [18F]FAc
retained in the inflammatory lesion was less than
that of LLC1 tumor, but still higher than most
normal organs. The PET imaging with [18F]FAc and
[18F]FDG both delineate tumor and inflammation.
The microPET imaging showed consistent results as
those from biodistribution studies. Progressive
increase in bony uptake of radioactivity due to
defluorination of [18F]FAc was also noted.
Conclusions: The radioactivity accumulated in tumor and
inflammatory lesion was both higher than most
normal organs except the bone after [18F]FAc
injection. This study demonstrated that [18F]
FAc is a promising PET probe for detecting
tumors and inflammatory tissue in our animal
models.

The radiochemical synthesis of radiolabeled fluorinated nucleoside analogues and study as gene imaging probes
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to synthesize two
fluorine-18-labeled thymidine derivatives
[18F]FMAU and [18F]FEAU. The biological
characteristics of these two radiotracers were
examined to access the feasibility of [18F]FMAU
and [18F]FEAU as radio probes for HSV1-tk/GCV
gene therapy.
Methods: Starting from sugar-OTf, [18F]FEAU and [18F]
FMAU can be prepared in 3.5 hr via a two-step
synthesis. The radiochemical yield of both tracers
was about 15~20% (decay corrected) and the
radiochemical purity was ≧99%. The cellular
uptake studies of the three thymidine analogues
[18F]FEAU, [18F]FMAU and [131I]FIAU in NG4TL4-STK
(tk(+)) and NG4TL4-WT (tk(-)) sarcoma cell lines
were conducted. FVB/N mice bearing NG4TL4-STK (tk
(+)) sarcoma in the left flank and NG4TL4-WT
(tk-)) sarcoma in the left flank were enrolled for
animal studies. The biodistribution study and
microPET imaging of [18F]FEAU and [18F]FMAU were
performed in animals bearing both tk(+) and tk(-)
tumors.
Results: In vitro cellular uptake of [18F]FEAU and [18F]
FMAU revealed that the cell-to-medium (C/M) ratio
of tk(+) cells was significantly higher than that
of tk(-) cells. The cellular uptake ratio
(tk(+)/tk(-)) of [18F]FEAU (141.08) was much
higher than that of [18F]FMAU (7.82) after 120min
incubation owing to the incorporation of [18F]FMAU
into DNA in proliferating cells. The
biodistribution study showed that the uptake of
[18F]FEAU reached the maximum at 15 min after
injection and followed a rapid clearance in most
organs including tk(-) tumor except the tk(+)
tumor. The tk(+)/tk(-) ratio increased with time
and reached the peak (21.4) at 120 min post [18F]
FEAU injection. For [18F]FMAU, not only in tk(+)
tumor and urine, all the proliferative organs such
as small intestine, spleen, and kidney
also showed high radioactivity accumulation at 120
min after [18F]FMAU administration. Micro-PET
images showed very high uptake in HSV-tk(+) tumor
post [18F]FEAU injection. While for [18F]FMAU, not
only the tk(+) tumor, but the tk(-) tumor and
proliferation organs bowel all showed high
radioactivity accumulation. The results of
microPET imaging were consistent with that of
biodistribution studies.
Conclusion: In this study, the fluorine-18 labeled [18F]
FMAU and [18F]FEAU was successfully prepared
via a multi-step synthesis. The results of
biodistribution studies and microPET imaging
showed that [18F]FEAU is a highly promising PET
probe for HSV1-tk gene imaging, while [18F]FMAU
is a potential proliferation probe to access
the tumor response in cancer therapy.
第一部分 目錄
18F-Fluoroacetate 做為正子造影劑之生物特性研究
中文摘要 …………………………………………………………… 1
英文摘要 …………………………………………………………… 3
壹、前言 …………………………………………………………… 5
貳、材料與方法 …………………………………………………… 13
一.材料 ……………………………………………………… 13
二.方法 ……………………………………………………… 16
1.[18F]FAc之放射性同位素標記
2.細胞培養液之配置
3.細胞培養
4.細胞攝取實驗
5.荷腫瘤與發炎小鼠動物模式之建立
6.PET/MicroPET造影
7.生物分布研究
參、結果 …………………………………………………………… 27
1.[18F]FAc之放射性同位素標記
2.細胞攝取實驗
3.PET/microPET造影
4.生物分布研究
肆、討論 …………………………………………………………… 42
伍、結論 …………………………………………………………… 53
陸、參考文獻 ……………………………………………………… 54

第二部分 目錄
放射性氟標記核苷類似物之合成及其做為基因探針於基因造影應用之研究
中文摘要 …………………………………………………………… 57
英文摘要 …………………………………………………………… 59
壹、前言 …………………………………………………………… 61
貳、材料與方法 …………………………………………………… 68
一、材料 ……………………………………………………… 68
二、方法 ……………………………………………………… 71
1.[18F]FMAU及[18F]FEAU標記前驅物2-O-
(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-b
-D-ribofuranose之合成
2.[18F]FMAU之放射性同位素標記
3.[18F]FEAU之放射性同位素標記
4.細胞培養液之配置
5.細胞培養
6.細胞攝取實驗
7.荷腫瘤小鼠動物模式之建立
8.MicroPET造影
9.生物分布研究
參、結果 …………………………………………………………… 82
1.[18F]FEAU及[18F]FMAU之放射性同位素標記
2.細胞攝取實驗
3.microPET造影
4.生物分布研究
肆、討論 …………………………………………………………… 97
伍、結論 …………………………………………………………… 104
陸、參考文獻 ……………………………………………………… 105
The biological study of 18F-Fluoroacetate as a PET probe
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