臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本篇研究目的，為施用具降解醯胺類除草劑能力之菌株於土壤樣品中，並探討這些菌株在不同土壤中的適應情形及其對兩種除草劑拉草 (Alachlor)、滅多草 (Metolachlor)的降解能力。本實驗使用之土壤，分別採集自農業委員會桃園農業改良場及苗栗縣大湖鄉觀光草莓園。實驗設計為三種不同水分含量 (原始、60 % W.H.C、90 % W.H.C)，之後分別接種菌株MA3 (Bacillus thuringiensis)與菌株RM2 (Bacillus cereus)於實驗土壤中並加入待測除草劑。實驗所選之兩種除草劑，依據其田間施用量分別調整濃度為10 與50 μg ml-1。最後於不同天數中，分別分析土壤中之除草劑降解及菌株適應情形。實驗結果顯示，可藉由目標菌株之PCR產物所製成的marker定性出目標菌株於DGGE指紋譜上的位置，並以此觀測出目標菌株於土壤中適應情形，結果適應良好。在除草劑降解方面，吾人欲瞭解額外添加菌株是否會影響降解速率，土壤中水分含量多寡並不會影響醯胺類農藥的消散情形。添加具降解醯胺類農藥能力之菌株進入土壤添加具降解醯胺類除草劑能力菌株除了在二仁系土壤、10 μg mL-1滅多草的處理中，可以使降解速率約提高10 %外，其餘的處理皆無法顯著的提高降解速率。以PCR-DGGE觀測施用醯胺類除草劑對於土壤微生物族群的影響，發現施用除草劑會對土壤微生物造成衝擊，而水分多寡會影響醯胺類除草劑對土壤微生物菌相的影響。添加具降解醯胺類除草劑能力菌株於土壤當中，並不能減低醯胺類農藥對土壤微生物菌相的影響。較高濃度的醯胺類除草劑對土壤中微生物菌相的衝擊也越大。

The objective of this study is to confer the the adaptability of acetanilide herbicides degrading bacteria in fields and to study the the adaptability of acetanilide herbicides degrading bacteria in fields and the ability of the bacteria to degrade amide herbicide.We applied the bacteria into soil and analysised the adaptability of the bacteria and the difference between microbial community with PCR-DGGE. HPLC was used to detect the degradation of the amide herbicide.According to the result,the bacteria was well-adapted and could increase the degradation rate at 10 ug g-1 metolachlor in the Er-Jen soil.The soil microbial community were affected by the amide herbicide.The higher concentration of the herbicide, the greater influence from the herbicide to soil microbial community.

中文摘要……………………………………………………………. I
英文摘要……………………………………………………………. II
目錄…………………………………………………………………. III
表目錄………………………………………………………………. IV
圖目錄………………………………………………………………. V
第一章 前言………………………………………………………... 1
第二章 材料與方法…………………………………………........... 10
第三章 結果與討論…………………………………………........... 31
第四章 結論…………………………………………………........... 64
第五章 參考文獻……………………………………………........... 65

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