臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

中文摘要
有研究指出洋蔥能有效改善一些病變，如：心血管、糖尿病等。但對於肥胖的影響尚未證實。因此，本研究擬探討洋蔥改善肥胖之效果。將洋蔥汁乾燥物與洋蔥含水乙醇萃取物分別以不同濃度介入成熟脂肪細胞(3T3-L1)，觀察其影響並分析作用之成分，此外以洋蔥汁進行人體之隨機、平行、雙盲、安慰劑對照組試驗，三十位受試者進行為期十週之試驗，實驗組每日飲用100毫升洋蔥汁，控制組飲用安慰劑飲料。結果顯示，洋蔥汁乾燥物具有抑制成熟脂肪細胞生存率及其酚類、非酚類化合物能減少細胞內脂質之堆積；人體飲用洋蔥汁後，體重、身體質量指數、腰圍、血壓於第八週皆有顯著降低，而體脂肪、纖維蛋白酶原含量與胰島素阻抗性亦有下降趨勢。由本研究可知，洋蔥汁具有改善肥胖之效益，而其酚類與非酚類物質皆扮演著重要角色。

Abstract
Onion (Allium cepa. L) has been shown improvements on some diseases (e.g., cardiovascular and diabetes mellitus), but no study was found about obesity. This study was focused on the effect of onion juice for the improvement of obesity. Onion juice extract and ethanolic extract of onion were used to treat mature adipocyte (3T3-L1), the effect and functional components were determined. In addition, a randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled, and double blind design was used for evaluating the clinical effect of onion juice on obesity. The total experiment period was 10 weeks. Total 30 subjects were involved in this study and divided into experimental and placebo groups respectively. Each subject intook 100 mL of onion juice or placebo drink every day. Results showed that onion juice, phenolic fraction and non-phenolic fraction showed inhibition on the viability of mature adipocyte and reduced the accumulation of intracellular lipid. Administration of onion juice significantly decreased body weight, body mass index, waist circumference and blood pressure at week 8. Body fat, serum fibrinogen and insulin resistance were also reduced. In conclusion, onion juice showed improvement on obesity. Phenolic fraction and non-phenolic fraction of onion juice play an important role.

目錄
頁次
表次...................................................Ⅰ
圖 次 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ⅱ
附 錄 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Ⅲ
中 文 摘 要. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V
英 文 摘 要. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ⅤI
壹、 前言. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
貳、文獻整理. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
一、肥胖(Obesity). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
(一) 肥胖導致因素....................................2
(二) 肥胖判定標準.......................................3
(三) 肥胖盛行率......................................7
(四) 肥胖對健康之危害........................................7
(五) 肥胖與脂肪細胞..............................................8
二、 洋蔥.............................................14
(一) 洋蔥的歷史........................................14
(二) 洋蔥的種類......................................14
(三) 洋蔥的成分.......................................14
(四) 洋蔥的功效.......................................16
參、研究目的...............................................22
肆、材料與方法.............................................23
一、 試驗材料..........................................23
(一) 原物料...........................................23
(二) 洋蔥汁及洋蔥含水乙醇萃取物之製備............23
(三) 細胞試驗..........................................23
(四) 人體試驗........................................23
二、 試驗用藥..........................................28
三、 試驗儀器..........................................29
四、 試驗設計..........................................32
五、 試驗方法..........................................34
(一) 成分含量測定.................................34
1. 總酚測定…….........................................34
2. 總類黃酮測定.............................................34
3. 總硫醇含量.............................................34
(二) 抗氧化性測定.....................................34
1. DPPH自由基清除能力.............................35
(三) 細胞試驗...........................................35
1. PBS (phosphate-buffered saline)製備..........35
2. DMEM培養液的製備.................................36
3. 冷凍細胞解凍..........................................36
4. 前脂肪細胞培養........................................36
5. 細胞冷凍保存........................................37
6. 脂肪細胞之分化培養......................................37
7. 細胞存活試驗.............................................38
8. 以PVPP去除酚類化合物.............................39
9. 油紅 O 染色 (Oil red O stain) ....................40
10. 連續波長分析儀偵測Oil red O脂質染色(ELISA reader detecting)....................................................40
(四) 體位測定分析.................................40
1. 身高..................................................40
2. 體重................................................40
3. 身體質量指數....................................40
4. 血壓...............................................40
(五) 全血生化分析....................................41
1. 空腹血糖(FBG) .........................................41
2. 胰島素(insulin) .......................................41
3. HOMA-IR........................................41
4. 纖維蛋白酶原(Fibrinogen) .........................41
(六) 血漿抗氧化活性測定...............................41
1.血漿中總酚類化合物含量....................................41
2. 血漿中含硫功能基含量....................................42
伍、統計方法................................................43
陸、結果與討論............................................44
(一) 酚類化合物測定.......................................44
1. 總酚、總類黃酮測定.................................44
2. 總硫醇測定.................................44
(二) 抗氧化性測定........................................44
1. DPPH自由基清除能力.....................................44
(三) 細胞試驗..............................................46
1. 前脂肪細胞MTT存活試驗………………………………46
2. 洋蔥汁乾燥物及洋蔥含水乙醇萃取物對成熟脂肪細胞之影響….................................................46
3. 洋蔥汁乾燥物及標準品quercetin對於成熟脂肪細胞之影響..........................................................52
4.去除洋蔥汁中酚類物質後對於成熟脂肪細胞之影響........................................................52
5. 去除洋蔥汁乾燥物中酚類物質後再加入quercetin對於成熟脂
肪細胞之影響.......................................................52
(四) 人體試驗.........................................60
1. 對受試者體重、BMI的影響........................60
2. 對受試者腰圍、體脂肪的影響......................60
3. 對受試者收縮壓、舒張壓的影響.....................63
4. 纖維蛋白酶原(fibrinogen) .........................63
5. 空腹血糖、胰島素、胰島素阻抗性(HOMA-IR) ....66
6. 血漿總酚含量.……………………….....................66
7.血漿總硫醇含量..............................68
柒、結論.........................................................71
捌、參考文獻...............................................72
玖、附錄...................................................83
表次
表一、身體質量指數(BMI)測量體位標準…………………………….4
表二、洋蔥營養成分…………………………………………………..17
表三、受試者特性………………………………………………… ….26
表四、洋蔥汁乾燥物與洋蔥含水乙醇萃取物之總酚及總類黃酮含量………………………………………………………………………. 45
表五、受試者體位測定之體重、身體質量指數資料…………… ….56
表六、受試者體位測定之腰圍、體脂肪資料………………………..57
表七、受試者測定之血壓資料………………………………………..59
表八、受試者測定之纖維蛋白酶原資料……………………………..60
表九、受試者測定之空腹血糖、胰島素與胰島素阻抗性資料……..61
表十、受試者測定之血漿總酚含量資料……………………………..70
表十、受試者測定之血漿總硫醇含量資料……………………………71
圖次
圖一、腰圍量測示意圖……..………………..…………………...........6
圖二、脂肪前細胞分化劑中三種成分結構圖………………………..11
圖三、脂肪細胞分化過程轉錄因子的表現…………………………..12
圖四、脂肪細胞生合成………………………………………………..13
圖五、不同皮色之洋蔥………………………………………………..15
圖六、quercetin 結構型態…………………………………………….18
圖七、硫化物之結構…………………………………………………..19
圖八、體位測量及採血時間…………………………………………..27
圖九、洋蔥汁乾燥物與洋蔥含水乙醇萃取物之清除DPPH能力..47
圖十、洋蔥汁乾燥物與洋蔥含水乙醇萃取物對3T3-L1前脂肪細胞之存活分析……………………………………………………………..48
圖十一、洋蔥汁乾燥物與洋蔥含水乙醇萃取物對於3T3-L1成熟脂肪細胞之內部油脂含量影響…………………………………………..50
圖十二、洋蔥汁乾燥物與洋蔥含水乙醇萃取物對3T3-L1成熟脂肪細胞之存活分析......................................................................................51
圖十三、Quercetin與洋蔥汁乾燥物對於3T3-L1成熟脂肪細胞之內部油脂含量影響..........................................................................................53
圖十四、Quercetin與洋蔥汁乾燥物對3T3-L1成熟脂肪細胞之存活
分析.........................................................................................................54
圖十五、洋蔥汁乾燥物中非酚類物質與洋蔥汁乾燥物對3T3-L1成熟脂肪之內部油脂含量影響.....................................................................55
圖十六、洋蔥汁乾燥物中非酚類物質與洋蔥汁乾燥物對3T3-L1成熟脂肪細胞之存活分析.............................................................................56
圖十七、洋蔥汁乾燥物中非酚類物質加Quercetin後與洋蔥汁乾燥物(0.2mg/mL)對3T3-L1成熟脂肪之內部油脂含量影響.......................58
圖十八、蔥汁乾燥物中非酚類物質加Quercetin後與洋蔥汁乾燥物(0.2mg/mL)對3T3-L1成熟脂肪之存活分析.......................................59
附錄
附錄一、人體試驗委員會審核通過證明書......................83
附錄二、個人基本資料......................................84
附錄三、受試者同意書......................................85
附錄四、脂肪細胞分化型態過程圖……………………………………90
附錄五、AMPK pathway………………………………………………91
附錄六、Proliferation and apoptosis pathway…………………………92

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