臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

維持高消毒效率並減少致癌性消毒副產物的生成為淨水場提供安全自來水的目標。本研究結合化學反應動力模式與延散模式，假設三鹵甲烷和含鹵乙酸的生成為兩階段一次反應，以實驗室批次式實驗結果和配水系統主幹管水力分析探討，建立三鹵甲烷和含鹵乙酸兩種主要消毒副產物的生成模式。經由淨水場清水池及配水管網之採樣驗證結果，兩種消毒副產物生成模式可應用於清水池生成濃度之預測，而三鹵甲烷生成模式對配水系統內濃度之預測，更得到令人滿意的結果。應用兩種消毒副產物生成模式，可針對淨水場消毒劑加藥量的合理性做一檢討；三鹵甲烷在配水系統中之等濃度分布也可使用預測模式加以建立。

This resaeach combined chemical kinetics and dispersion model,which was based on laboratory batch experiment results and flow analysis of a distribution system,to develop the TTHM and HAA5 formation models.By the comparison of the measured values and the calculated values, TTHM and HAA5 formation models can be used to predict the concentrations of the two dominant DBPsin finished water, and the prediction of TTHM in the distribution system was also satisfied.
By the application of the two formation models, we could research the rationality of the chlorine dose used for distinfection by water treatment plants, and the TTHM equi-concentration contour in the distibution system can be established, too.

第一章 前言
1.1 研究緣起 1-1
1.2 研究目的 1-2
1.3 研究內容 1-3
第二章 文獻回顧
2.1 消毒副產物之法規標準 2-1
2.2 消毒副產物的生成 2-4
2.3 延散模式 2-6
2.4 消毒副產物生成經驗模式 2-10
第三章 實驗方法與設備
3.1 研究流程圖 3-1
3.2 水質檢驗分析方法 3-2
3.2.1三鹵甲烷類(THMs)之分析方法 3-2
3.2.2含鹵乙酸類(Halogenated Acetic Acid﹐HAAs)之分析 3-5
3.2.3總有機碳(Total organic carbon﹐TOC)之分析方法 3-9
3.3 THMs與HAAs生成反應動力實驗 3-12
3.4 水力分析套裝軟體---WaterCAD 3-13
3.5 配水管網之採樣規劃 3-15
第四章 結果與討論
4.1 水質參數及操作條件對消毒副產物生成之影響 4-1
4.1.1 反應時間對THMs及HAAs生成濃度之影響 4-2
4.1.2 加氯濃度對THMs及HAAs生成濃度之影響 4-3
4.1.3 pH值對THMs及HAAs生成之影響 4-6
4.1.4 DOC濃度對THMs及HAAs生成之影響 4-8
4.1.5 溫度對THMs及HAAs生成之影響 4-10
4.2 消毒副產物生成模式之建立 4-11
4.2.1 消毒副產物化學反應動力模式 4-11
4.2.2 延散模式 4-14
4.2.3 消毒副產物生成模式 4-15
4.3 消毒副產物生成模式之驗證 4-18
4.3.1 配水系統現場採樣分析結果 4-18
4.3.2 TTHM預測模式的驗證 4-21
4.3.3 HAA5預測模式的驗證 4-27
4.4 消毒副產物生成模式之應用 4-29
4.4.1操作條件與消毒副產物生成之關係 4-29
4.4.2配水系統中TTHM等濃度分布圖 4-36
第五章 結論與建議
5.1 結論 5-1
5.2 建議 5-2
參考文獻 R-1
附錄 A-1

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