臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究係針對新興發展出的類金屬陶瓷層三價鉻電鍍，探討其廢水的混凝加藥處理。本實驗先以ICP進行水質特性分析，接著利用瓶杯實驗進行化學混凝相關研究，比較不同的混凝操作程序，其最適的加藥量及pH範圍；並對電鍍製程中，電鍍廢水與酸鹼性廢水合併或是分流處理的差異性，提供給案例廠作為操作及廢水流程改善的參考。
由ICP分析得知，電鍍廢水主要的污染來源，為電鍍生產過程中所使用的藥品造成，其中以電鍍清洗水為電鍍產業廢水主要來源。本次實驗取廢水收集池混合廢水及電鍍水洗槽清洗水，進行化學混凝瓶杯實驗。由實驗結果得知，總鉻去除率皆隨PAC加藥濃度增加而增加；且不論是廢水收集池混合廢水或是水洗槽清洗水，先進行化學沉澱再進行化學混凝，對於總鉻的去除效率，比先進行化學混凝再進行化學沉澱的效果差。研究顯示將水洗槽清洗水採分流方式先進行化學混凝處理，再與前處理清洗水合併放流，所得到的總鉻去除效果佳，處理的用藥量也是混合處理的一半。
案例廠為既設的電鍍廠，從本次研究顯示，在不投資較大成本改變廢水處理硬體設備、規格及數量的原則上；僅需投資較低成本的加藥設備，簡單的做加藥順序調整，就可得到較佳去除效果，並可減少後續的操作加藥成本；且電鍍製程各單元所產生的廢水種類及特性都不相同，未來在污染防治設備的設計上，應該依廢水特性分流處理。

Metal ceramic like coating is an effective and novel electroplating scope rising in these 3 years, which essence of one current of metal ceramic like electroplating (MCP) solution does not contain Cr+6 but replaced of non-toxic Cr+3. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the performance between different chemical coagulation sedimentation process and optimal dosing for the highly interest MCP. Coagulation simulation experiment is followed by water quality ICP analysis, to identify the effect of different wastewater flow pattern, such as choosing inter-flow or segregation, optimal dosing coagulation with respectively to pH value and cost. Feasibility results are provided to case factor for operation and site improvement.
ICP analysis showed that, source substance in wastewater is produced from the containing of solution and the rinsing purpose of MCP electroplating routing. According to coagulation simulation experiment, results showed that, total chromium purity efficiency is increasing with concentration of adding PAC whether sampling from the wastewater collection tank or sampling from the rising tank of electroplating. As well as, total chromium purity efficiency is dependent on the procedure of chemical precipitation by using adjusting pH value and adding PAC. The total chromium purity of forward procedure is ineffective than backward procedure in spite of collection tank or rising tank. Wherein, the forward procedure is defined as first chromium precipitation and adding PAC for coagulation secondly, the backward procedure is defined as first adding PAC for coagulation and regulation pH for chromium precipitation secondly. As well as, chemical coagulation against to segregation is feature to chemical coagulation against to inter-flow. Concerning total chromium purity efficiency and chemicals cost, the breakthrough of forward procedure leads a half amount of treatment additives in reduced cost and improvement environment cleanse.
Advanced suggestion to case factory, abstains from treatment equipment upgraded but changes the sequence of chemicals dosing. The best total chromium purity efficiency and reducing treatment additives can be achieved by means of segregation.

目錄
摘 要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 vii
第一章 前言 1
1.1研究緣起 1
1.2研究目的 1
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1電鍍三價鉻特性 3
2.2三價鉻鍍液的主要成分及電鍍製程 5
2.2.1 三價鉻鍍液的主要成分及其作用 5
2.2.2類金屬陶瓷電鍍製程 7
2.3化學沉澱原理 9
2.3.1碳酸鹽沉澱法 9
2.3.2氫氧化物沉澱法 10
2.3.3硫化物沉澱法 12
2-4化學混凝原理 14
2.4.1化學混凝的目的 15
2.4.2 化學混凝的理論 15
2.4.3影響化學混凝效果的因素 15
第三章 研究方法 18
3.1研究流程 18
3.2實驗材料 20
3.2.1水樣來源 20
3.2.2實驗設備 20
3.2.3實驗藥品 22
3.3實驗方法 22
3.3.1含鉻廢水水質特性分析比較 22
3.3.2化學沉澱法最佳pH條件及最佳加藥量測試 22
第四章 結果與討論 25
4.1類金屬陶瓷層三價鉻電鍍廢水水質特性 25
4.2化學混凝沉降法最佳pH條件及最佳加藥量 29
4.2.1 案例廠現行最適混凝劑加藥量 30
4.2.2 化學混凝沉澱法最適加藥量 34
4.3廢水系統加藥程序評估 37
4.4廢水系統分流操作評估 40
第五章 結論及建議 42
5.1結論 42
5.2建議 43
參考文獻 45

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