臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

企業如何才能創造出持續性之競爭優勢？一直是策略管理領域研究的熱門話題。從由外而內來思考企業所處產業環境的競爭優勢分析（Porter, 1980; Spanos and Lioukas, 2001），或是關注企業內部專屬資源的資源基礎觀點（Wernerfelt, 1984, 1989; Barney, 1991），到思考企業快速配置資源以應對變動之動態能力理論（Winter, 1987; Teece et al., 1997 ），都企圖回答這個問題。
Teece et al.（1994, 1997）所提出之動態能力理論，強調企業必須快速與彈性地從事產品創新、有效整合、配置內外部資源，才能為企業創造競爭優勢，而決定動態能力的要素有三，分別為企業的「程序」、「位置」及「路徑」。整個動態能力理論架構整合了組織學習、演進學派、資源基礎觀點，較其它觀點更能具體描述企業經營的動態過程。此理論提出之後，許多研究紛紛加以實證或延伸，但這些研究存在一些關於理論內涵及衡量上的問題，因此本研究透過文獻探討深探理論之內涵後，欲建立出更具信度及效度之動態能力量表，並驗證此一理論模式。
本研究在研究方法上與過去研究有四點不同：一、以縱斷面之角度分析動態能力理論於策略管理領域中的地位及其內涵，並依此推論出動態能力構面之觀察指標，不同過去研究僅以定義發展問項。二、以橫斷面之角度回顧至2003年國內外所有動態能力研究之研究方法，加以評析作為研究之基礎。三、量化過去僅依靠邏輯性分析的內容效度，透過學者對於問項效度的評分，計算各題之Aiken內容效度係數及同質性信度係數，作為問項是否具有內容效度的客觀標準，刪除專家認為不具內容效度之問項後，形成最後之動態能力量表。四、採用結構方程模式（SEM）驗證量表之信度與效度，為過去動態能力研究所不曾採用的統計方法。
經由25位國內策略管理學者之內容效度評鑑，本研究所發展之71題問項，僅有8題項內容效度不顯著，予以刪除後形成正式之動態能力量表。將動態能力量表施測990家上市上櫃公司，以SEM驗證動態能力理論模式。結果證實本研究所建構之動態能力測量模式與資料適配，所發展之觀察指標可以有效、一致地衡量潛在變項。綜合上述本研究發展出「整合協調」、「學習」及「重置轉換」次構面之觀察指標，建構出一具優良內容效度、建構效度及信度之動態能力量表，並驗證了此一理論模式。

How can firms create sustainable competitiveness? This question has long been the hottest issue in the field of strategic management. From the theory of competitive advantage（Porter, 1980; Spanos and Lioukas, 2001）, an “outside-in” perspective to first consider the industry environment which firms lie in, resources-based view（Wernerfelt, 1984, 1989; Barney, 1991）, an “inside-out” perspective which concern the specific resources and capabilities of firms to dynamic capability theory（Winter, 1987; Teece et al., 1997）which consider the flexible capability to reconfigure resources and capabilities to response the dynamic environment are theories with multiple perspectives trying to answer this question.
Dynamic capability theory emphasizes the ability of a firm to develop new capabilities in response to shifts in its external environment, as a significant source of competitive advantage. Three factors can determine a firm’s dynamic capabilities: they are firms’ “process”, “position” and “path”. The whole framework of dynamic capability theory mainly integrate organizational learning, evolutionary theory and resource-based view, compared with other theories, it seems can be better used to explain the dynamic process of firms. There have been many researches trying to examine this theory or further develop applications in practice, but these studies seem exist some problems about the content of theory and measurement. In order to solve these problems, we want to explore the content of the theory through deep literature review, build up the measurement model of dynamic capability and then test the theory.
Our research has three different points in methodology from past researches. First, we adapt the perspectives of cross and vertical section to analysis the position of dynamic capability theory in the field of strategic management and its true meaning. Based on the result of deep literature review, we develop the observed variables of the dimensions of dynamic capability. Second, we quantify the content validity. By gathering the validity rating of scholars of each question, we calculate the Aiken content validity coefficient s and homogeneity reliability coefficients, which can be objective standard for us to decide if each question is valid. After deleting those invalid questions, we form our dynamic capability scale. Third, We adapt the statistic technique of structural equation model to test the construct validity and reliability, which has never been used in dynamic capability related researches before.
We gather 25 scholars’ validity rating of 71 questions that we develop. After calculating the Aiken content validity coefficients and homogeneity reliability coefficients, we form the final dynamic capability scale after deleting 8 invalid questions. We then use the scale to measure the dynamic capability of firms. We conclude that the measurement model of dynamic capability that we develop do fit the data that we collect, which means all the observed variables that we develop can measure the latent variable effectively and consistently. So at last our research has developed a dynamic capability scale with reliability, content validity and construct validity.

摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目錄 III
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII
第壹章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 3
第三節 研究流程 4
第貳章 文獻探討 5
第一節 策略管理典範演進 5
一、 競爭優勢策略 6
二、 資源基礎觀點 7
三、 動態能力架構 9
四、 小結 10
第二節 動態能力理論之背景及內涵 11
一、 動態能力理論架構提出之背景 11
二、 動態能力之意義 13
三、 動態能力之構面 16
第三節 動態能力之相關研究及評析 43
一、 動態能力之相關研究 43
二、 動態能力相關研究之評析 49
第參章 研究方法 55
第一節 動態能力測量模式之界定 55
一、 外因潛在變項 55
二、 內因潛在變項 56
第二節 動態能力測量模式各變項之操作性定義及衡量 58
一、 程序潛在變項之操作性定義及衡量 58
二、 位置潛在變項之操作性定義及衡量 64
三、 路徑潛在變項之操作性定義及衡量 66
第三節 研究對象及抽樣方法 68
一、 國內策略管理領域之專家學者 68
二、 國內廠商 69
第四節 資料分析方法 70
一、 內容效度分析 70
二、 敘述性統計 72
三、 動態能力測量模式評鑑 73
第肆章 研究結果與討論 78
第一節 內容效度分析結果 78
第二節 樣本特徵分析結果 83
第三節 動態能力測量模式之評鑑 88
一、 整體模式適配考驗 88
二、 內部結構適配考驗 96
第伍章 結論與建議 100
第一節 研究結論 100
第二節 研究貢獻 104
一、 深入探討動態能力理論內涵及研究現況 104
二、 動態能力中「程序」潛在變項之觀察變項發展 104
三、 統計方法上之改善 105
四、 驗證動態能力理論架構 105
五、 建構出具信效度之動態能力量表 105
六、 動態能力量表可應用於實務界 105
第三節 研究限制與後續研究建議 106
一、 研究限制 106
二、 後續研究建議 107
參考文獻 109
附錄一、內容效度之專家問卷 131
附錄二、廠商之問卷 135
附錄三、內容效度係數（V值）之考驗的右側機率值對照表 138
附錄四、同值性信度係數（H值）之考驗的右側機率值對照表 139

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