臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

視覺心像作為人的重要認知功能，其涉及到的認知能力包括知覺、注意、記憶等，且視覺心像本身亦可劃分為心像產生、心像維持、心像監測、心像旋轉等諸多歷程。根據前人的研究，心像產生為序列式的進程，在心像尚未完全產生時，對於位於心像目標刺激前筆畫順序位置的反應時間會快於後筆畫順序位置的反應時間，心像產生及心像維持也受到提示字呈現到目標物出現的時間間隔（stimulus-onset asynchrony，簡稱為SOA）的影響。同時，由於心像本身的複雜性，在不同年齡族群中亦有不同的特點，本研究以成年人20名受試者為研究對象，探討視覺數字心像產生及心像維持的歷程，實驗一操弄四種不同的SOA（600毫秒、800毫秒、1000毫秒、1200毫秒）、前後筆畫情境和前後半部分，依變項是受試者對心像的正確率及反應時間，探討視覺數字心像產生的歷程，是三因子完全受試者內設計；實驗二操弄三種不同的SOA（1800毫秒、2400毫秒、3000毫秒）、前後筆畫情境和前後半部分，依變項是受試者對心像的正確率及反應時間，探討視覺數字心像位置的歷程，同樣也是三因子完全受試者內設計。結果表明，正確率方面，成年人受試者基本上都在九成以上，因此不以正確率作為觀測標準；反應時間方面顯示，成年人受試者視覺數字心像產生時間約在1000毫秒到1200毫秒之間，而消退於2400毫秒到3000毫秒之間，同時前後半部分也會較大程度的改善視覺數字心像產生及心像維持歷程的反應時間。

Mental images play an important role in human cognitive functions, Which involves a lot of cognitive abilities such as perception, attention, memory and so on. Mental images have many different stages, for example, image generation、image maintenance、image inspection and image transformation. Based on past research, image of simple two-dimensional patterns are formed sequentially, when mental images process are not fully produced, the earlier strokes of the mental images are formed mentally before the latter strokes. That is, the reaction time of the earlier strokes is shorter than the latter strokes. The stimulus-onset asynchrony has an influence on image generation and image maintenance. At the same time, because of the complexity of the mental images, mental images have different characteristics in different ages. The present study uses 20 adults(mean age: 41.1) as the research subjects. Two experiments manipulate variables including different stimulus-onset asynchrony (SOA) (including 600ms、 800ms、 1000ms、 1200ms at experiment 1 and 1800ms、 2400ms、 3000ms at experiment 2)、 different target location(the earlier strokes and the latter strokes) and influence of practice, the experiment examined how the affected the response latency and accuracy. In accuracy of the experiments, the results show that adults groups were generally over ninety percent, so we don’t use accuracy as the standard of explanation. In reaction time, mental image generation produce at 1000ms to 1200ms, and fade in 2400ms to 3000ms, and practice can improve the performance of the mental image.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
表目錄 v
圖目錄 vi
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 心像定義 1
第二節 心像作用 3
第三節 心像產生 4
第四節 心像維持 7
第五節 成年人心像特點 9
第六節 研究目的 13
第二章 實驗一 14
第一節 實驗一方法 14
第二節 實驗一結果 19
第三節 實驗一討論 26
第三章 實驗二 28
第一節 實驗二方法 28
第二節 實驗二結果 33
第三節 實驗二討論 40
第四章 綜合討論 43
第五章 結論 49
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