臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
為了解台灣身心障礙學生目前口腔照護現況及困難所在，本研究針對人口較密集的西岸，按北、中、南三區，依分層集束抽樣為原則，調查台北市、桃園縣市、彰化縣市、台南縣市，教育部立案學齡前、國小及國中特教班，進行口腔檢查及問卷調查。抽樣人數631位，家長問卷回收538份，完成口腔檢查417位、同時完成問卷及檢查404位。口腔檢查結果:齲齒盛行率70.7%，平均每人齲齒3.7顆、缺牙0.2顆、填補1顆，平均總齲齒經驗指數4.89+3.82，DMFT index 2.74+3.81，deft index 2.15+3.83，乳牙齲齒填補率16.3%，恆牙24.0%。與正常族群相較，齲齒盛行率並未較高但隨年紀增加，齲齒增加率高於一般兒童、填補率較一般兒童少50%，十二歲以上因齲齒拔牙的機會高於一般正常族群。就醫及保健習慣方面，21.4%從未看過牙醫、21.8%距上次看牙至少已經ㄧ年以上、42.7%有接受牙科治療的困難、17.3%曾遭受牙醫師拒絕看診、31.0%曾有不愉快看診經驗、47.6%以漱口方式潔牙或未刷牙、61.1%從未使用牙線，足知此族群有就診及保健預防的困難，值得牙醫各界及國家口腔保健政策指導機關重視此結論並加以檢討改進。

Abstract
The aim of this study is to survey the oral health status and investigate if any difficulties of dental care for the students with special health care needs in Taiwan. The samples were selected from Taipei city, Taoyuan City and County, Chunghwa City and county, Tainan City and County which are along the western coast Taiwan with the most populated areas by stratified cluster sampling methods. The study subjects are the students with special health care needs in disabled classes from the kindergarten, primary and junior high schools accredited by Department of Education. Dental examination by senior dentists and parents’ questionnaire survey were both conducted. 631students were selected, 538 questionnaires were collected. 417 students have completed dental check-up and 404 of them have completed the both. The caries prevalence rate is 70.7%. Mean carious teeth, missing teeth, filling teeth are 3.7, 0.2, and 1, respectively. Mean carious experience, DMFT index, deft index, filling rate of primary dentition and permanent dentition are 4.89+3.82、2.74+3.81、2.15+3.83、16.3%、24.0% respectively. The caries prevalence rate is not higher as compared to the normal population, but the carious increasing rate is higher than the normal people. 50% lower filling rate and higher extraction incidences than normal children are the most important findings. 21.4% of them have never had a dental check-up、21.8% have not visited dental clinic over one year and 42.7% have inherent difficulties in receiving dental care. 17.3% have ever been rejected by dentists、31.0% parents have had unpleasant feelings towards dental clinic the dentists. 47.6% of students clean teeth by gargling or does not brush teeth、61.1% have never used dental floss. We conclude this special population has barriers of receiving dental care and inadequate oral hygiene maintenance. The national health authority should be aware the situations and make efforts to improve.

指導教授推薦書
口試委員會審定書
授權書…………………………………………………………………iii
誌謝……………………………………………………………………iv
中文摘要………………………………………………………………v
英文摘要………………………………………………………………vi
目錄…………………………………………………………………..viii
圖表目錄………………………………………………………………x
第ㄧ章 緒論…………………………………………………………..1
1.1 研究背景…………………………………………………….1
1.2 相關文獻回顧……………………………………………….2
1.3 研究目的……………………………………………………13
第二章 材料與方法………………………………………………….15
2.1 研究對象及抽樣方法………………………………………15
2.2 研究內容……………………………………………………15
2.3 研究方法及步驟……………………………………………17
2.4 統計分析……………………………………………………22
2.5名詞界說…………………………………………………….23
第三章 結果…………………………………………………………26
3.1 樣本基本資料………………………………………………26
3.2 口腔健康狀況檢查結果……………………………………28
3.3 問卷調查結果………………………………………………32
3.4齲齒經驗與相關因子……………………………………….40
第四章 討論………………………………………………………….45
4.1 研究限制……………………………………………………45
4.2 基本資料分析………………………………………………48
4.3 口腔健康狀況與國內外研究比較…………………………50
4.4 齲齒經驗與相關因子討論…………………………………53
4.5 家長對口腔照護看法及兒童保健行為探討………………57
4.6 就醫經驗與障礙探討………………………………………58
第五章 結論及建議………………………………………………….62
參考文獻……………………………………………………………..65
圖表…………………………………………………………………..74
附錄……………………………..………………………………….112

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