臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

傳統評估天然氣井產能之方法為進行產能分析試驗，試驗進行時至少需以四種不同產率開井生產，藉由觀察天然氣井於穩定流動狀態或近穩定流動狀態之壓力表現，用以估算天然氣井之產能。此種試驗方法受地層滲透率影響，須耗時數小時甚至達數日之久，將消耗大量試驗執行成本，且進行數據分析時亦受人為作圖誤差影響，計算分析之結果誤差較大。
本研究應用臺灣天然氣井實際地質及工程現地數據，建立天然氣井產能特性資料庫，並歸納出無因次IPR曲線（Dimensionless IPR Curve）。提供一種簡易且迅速之天然氣井產能試驗分析方法。藉由此法可於短時間內評估天然氣井之井口全開噴流能力(Absolute open flow Potential，AOFP)與單日產能，大幅縮減天然氣井產能試驗進行時間，避免試驗進行時所耗費之大量天然氣、巨額設備維護費及人力成本。
本研究以國內16口天然氣井之試驗數據進行傳統繪圖法及無因次IPR曲線計算法進行井口全開噴流能力計算，兩者差異分布為1.78%至23.58%之間，平均差異為10.41%。顯示以無因次IPR曲線計算法可有效輔助進行全開噴流能力估算，降低評估誤差。

This study presents a time-saving method for deliverability calculations of gas wells, which among other advantages, eliminates the need for conventional multipoint tests. The analytical solution to the diffusivity equation for real gas flow under stabilized or pseudo-steadystate flow conditions and a wide range of rock and fluid properties are used to generate a correlation for calculating gas well deliverability. The rock, fluid and system properties, used in developing previous correlations are from the wells of gas fields in Taiwan.
The modified relations developed in this study provide a simple procedure for gas deliverability calculations which greatly save the acquired time of the conventional deliverability testing methods. The required data can be obtained from a build-up test, or a single-point flow test, instead of a multipoint flow test. Further, the broad range of practically all rock and fluid properties used in developing the modified dimensionless IPR curves should cover the majority field conditions in Taiwan.
A comparison of calculation results from dimensionless IPR curve with the one from traditional methods had been performed. The difference of AOFP between conventional plot method and dimensionless IPR curve of 16 gas wells ranged form 1.78% to 23.58%. The average error is around 10.41%.

目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract II
誌 謝 III
目 錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
符 號 XII
第一章 前言 1
1-1研究動機與目的 1
1-2 研究流程 2
第二章 文獻回顧與前人研究 4
2-1 傳統油氣井單井產能分析試驗 4
2-1-1 連續噴流試驗 4
2-1-2 等時噴流試驗 7
2-1-3 改良式等時噴流試驗 8
2-2 無因次IPR曲線 10
第三章 理論基礎 16
第四章 研究方法 20
4-1 地質及工程參數 21
4-1-1 地層壓力 23
4-1-2 地層溫度 23
4-1-3 天然氣比重與天然氣組成 23
4-1-4 井孔半徑 28
4-1-5 單井排掃面積 28
4-1-6 排掃區域形狀因子 28
4-1-7 地層孔隙率 28
4-1-8 儲集層淨厚度 28
4-1-9 膚表因子 29
4-1-10 地層滲透率 29
4-2 擬似壓力函數及氣體黏滯度轉換 31
4-3 天然氣井產能特性資料庫建立 33
第五章 結果與討論 37
5-1 無因次IPR曲線 37
5-2 無因次IPR曲線之誤差範圍 38
5-3 產能試驗案例分析 44
5-4 無因次IPR曲線之應用 46
第六章 結論與建議 48
6-1 結論 48
6-2 建議 49
參考文獻 50
附錄A:各井產能試驗結果摘要及分析 52
附錄B: 壓力穿越曲線 61

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