臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

蝴蝶蘭是台灣原產的蘭花物種，正常情況下需栽培約三年才會開花。姬蝴蝶蘭三唇瓣突變株P. equestris ‘KCm Ser’及P. equestris ‘KCm Sli’在試管內培養過程中，有較高比例花芽分化的情形，可發展為蝴蝶蘭功能性基因體表現之模式植物。在早期的研究中指出包括養分、植物生長調節物質、光週期以及溫度等因素都會影響蝴蝶蘭在試管內開花的調控。本研究的初步結果顯示，在十六小時光週期栽培情況下，較高的總氮素濃度( 42.73mM )會有較多的葉數增加量。銨態氮與硝酸態氮的比例為25% 比75% 時，植株的生長會趨於正常。在不同醣類中，以葡萄糖對株高及根長的生長促進最為顯著。高濃度( 28.9 μM )的GA3會有較高的抽梗率（33.33 %），但多會形成不正常花，高濃度的BA( 33.3 , 44.4 μM )會有100%的節間延長率，但以11.1 μM及 22.2 μM BA處理的植株會有較佳的開花率( 20% 及26.67% )。
整體而言，未施任何處理的植株在瓶內培養約7個月可抽梗、約8至9個月會有9.65%的花苞形成率，在花苞形成後6天至14天可開花，但開花率較低（4.82％）；而經GA3或BA處理者，則培養5個月即有抽梗的現象。

致謝…………………………………………………………i
中文摘要……………………………………………………ii
英文摘要……………………………………………………iii
縮寫字對照表………………………………………………iv
目錄…………………………………………………………v
表目錄………………………………………………………viii
圖目錄………………………………………………………ix

第一章、緒論………………………………………………1
一、 蝴蝶蘭之簡介…………………………………1
二、 實驗目的………………………………………1

第二章、前人研究…………………………………………2
一、 蝴蝶蘭營養生長期探討之研究……………………2
二、 蝴蝶蘭生殖生長期探討之研究……………………3

第三章、材料與方法………………………………………5
一、 實驗材料……………………………………………5
二、 實驗方法……………………………………………7
1. 關於姬蝴蝶蘭營養生長之實驗…………………………7
1.1. 關於氮元素的實驗……………………………………7
1.1.1. 總氮素濃度實驗……………………………………7
1.1.2. 銨態氮及硝酸態氮濃度比例實驗……………………7
1.2. 關於碳元素的實驗……………………………………8
1.2.1. 不同醣類實驗…………………………………………8
1.2.2. 不同醣類濃度實驗……………………………………8
1.3. 關於BA對姬蝴蝶蘭營養生長影響之實驗……………8
1.4. 關於GA3對姬蝴蝶蘭營養生長影響之實驗……………9
2. 關於姬蝴蝶開花誘導之實驗………………………………9
2.1. 關於植物生長調節因子之實驗………………………9
2.1.1. GA3處理實驗……………………………………………9
2.1.2. BA處理實驗……………………………………………10
2.2. 關於不同濃度比例之GA3、BA處理之實驗……………10
2.3. 關於碳、氮比例之實驗…………………………………10
2.4. 關於碳濃度與BA複合處理對開花誘導之實驗…11
2.5. 關於瓶內不同植株數對開花誘導之實驗………………11
2.6. 關於BA處理對於迷你種蝴蝶蘭開花誘導之實驗………11
3. 掃描式電子顯微鏡之觀察
Scanning electron microscopy observation…………………………………………………………12
4. 數據統計分析 Statistical analysis………………………12

第四章、結果………………………………………………………13
一、 氮元素對姬蝴蝶蘭營養生長之影響………………………13
1. 總氮素濃度對姬蝴蝶蘭營養生長之影響……………………13
2. 銨態氮與硝酸態氮之比例對姬蝴蝶蘭生長之影響……………13
二、 碳元素對姬蝴蝶蘭營養生長之影響………………………14
1. 不同醣類對姬蝴蝶蘭營養生長之影響…………………………14
2. 不同蔗糖濃度對姬蝴蝶蘭營養生長之影響……………………14
三、 BA對姬蝴蝶蘭營養生長之影響……………………………15
四、 GA3對姬蝴蝶蘭營養生長之影響……………………………15
五、 未處理植株開花現象………………………………………15
六、 碳、氮比例對姬蝴蝶蘭開花誘導之影響…………………15
七、 BA對姬蝴蝶蘭開花誘導之影響……………………………16
八、 GA3對姬蝴蝶蘭開花誘導之影響……………………………17
九、 不同濃度比例之GA3、BA對姬蝴蝶蘭開花誘導之影響….17
十、 關於碳濃度與BA複合處理對開花誘導之影響……..17
十一、 瓶內不同植株數對開花誘導之影響……………………….18
十二、 BA處理對迷你種蝴蝶蘭之影響……………………………18
十三、 掃描式電子顯微鏡之觀察…………………………………18

第五章、討論………………………………………………………20
第六章、參考文獻………………………………………………………25

表目錄

表1 不同銨態氮與硝酸態氮比例處理對P. equestris ‘KHM 487D’營養生長的影響…………………………………….………..…33
表2 不同醣類處理對P. equestris ‘KHM 487D’營養生長的影響……………………………………………………………….34
表3 不同醣類處理對姬蝴蝶蘭二倍體營養生長的影響…………35
表4 不同醣類濃度處理對P. equestris ‘KCm Ser’營養生長的影響…………………………………………………….………36
表5 不同BA處理對P. equestris ‘KCm Ser’營養生長的影響………………………………………………………..……37
表6 不同濃度GA3處理對P. equestris ‘KCm Ser’營養生長的影響……………………………………………………….…..38
表7 不同植物生長調節物質對姬蝴蝶蘭節間延長、抽梗及開花的影響……………………………………………………………….39
表8 GA3與BA複合處理對姬蝴蝶蘭節間延長及開花的影響…40
表9 碳素濃度與BA複合處理對姬蝴蝶蘭開花之影響………41

圖目錄

圖1各品系姬蝴蝶蘭之花形…………………………………………42
圖2總氮素濃度對P. equestris ‘KCm Ser’株高生長之影響……………………………………………………..………43
圖3總氮素濃度對P. equestris ‘KCm Ser’葉數增加之影響…………………………………………………..…………44
圖4總氮素濃度對P. equestris ‘KCm Ser’葉長增加之影響………………………………………………………..……………45
圖5總氮素對P. equestris ‘KCm Ser’根數增加之影響…………………………………………………….……………46
圖6總氮素濃度對P. equestris ‘KCm Ser’根長生長之影響……………………………………………………….………47
圖7不同銨態氮與硝酸態氮比例處理對P. equestris ‘KHM 487D’營養生長的影………………………………………………………48
圖8-1 未處理植株開花（抽梗型）………………………………49
圖8-2 未處理植株開花（抽梗型）………………………………50
圖9未處理植株花苞形成（頂生型）…………………………51
圖10不同碳氮比例處理之節間延長率…………………………52
圖11不同碳氮濃度比例處理後抽梗………………………53
圖12不同碳氮比例處理植株之新芽生成率……………………54
圖13植株新芽生成之情形……………………………………55
圖14植株自營養生長期進入生殖生長期之轉變………………56
圖15姬蝴蝶蘭經BA/GA3複合處理後之節間延長率……………57
圖16姬蝴蝶蘭經BA/GA3複合處理後開花………………………58
圖17瓶內株數對開花誘導之影響………………………………59
圖18 Mini種蝴蝶蘭（P. equestris Hybrid）以22.2 μM BA處理，對花芽生成及新芽生成之影響…………………………………………60
圖19不同分化時期的姬蝴蝶蘭之頂芽分生組織與花芽……61
圖20姬蝴蝶蘭的花苞分化生成與開花………………………62
圖21 P. equestris ‘KCm Ser’於瓶內開花之情況………………………………………………….……………63
圖22 P. equestris ‘KCm Ser’於瓶內開花之情況…………………………………………………………………64
圖23 Mini種蝴蝶蘭（P. equestris Hybrid）於瓶內抽梗、花苞形成之情況……………………………………………………..……65

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