臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

調諧質量阻尼器(Tuned Mass Damper, TMD)係一具有特定頻率與阻尼之單自由度動態系統，利用調頻共振之原理，可將主體結構所承受之部份振動能量轉移至TMD，並由其阻尼耗散消除，藉此達到降低主結構動態反應之目的。近年來，透過理論分析、實驗驗證以及實體監測，TMD應用於土木結構之減振效益已廣泛被接受與肯定，許多TMD已成功的安裝於實體結構物中，以降低天然以及人為擾動力所引起之振動反應。然而，當主結構的振動能傳遞至TMD時，若只是利用阻尼器耗散能量達到減振，實為可惜，若能加以回收，除可用以增加減振效益，更可用在主體結構安全警報等其他用途上。因此，本研究將研發多功能電磁式半主動調諧質量阻尼器(Multi-Functional Electromagnetic Semi-active TMD, MFE-SATMD)，此型TMD是由質塊、彈簧、RLC電路與馬達所組成。MFE-SATMD可藉由發電馬達進行發電，再由控制馬達提供控制力。本研究將針對MFE-SATMD系統發展半主動控制法，可依照結構物的動態反應，進行減振控制或是儲能，還可隨主結構系統的變化調整控制的參數，抑制離頻效應。

Conventional tuned mass damper (TMD) is a popular and generally accepted vibration control device in the field of passive structural control. A TMD system consists of an added mass with properly functioning spring and damping elements that provide additional damping in a primary structure. By attaching a TMD to a structure, vibration energy of the structure can be transferred into the TMD and dissipated via the damping mechanism. The application of tuned mass dampers (TMD) for vibration control of civil engineering structures has been widely accepted after numerous analytical studies, experimental, and field verifications. A large number of TMDs have been implemented in real structures against natural and man-made excitations since early 1970. However, when vibration energy of the structure transferred into the TMD, energy dissipated by a damper becomes a waste from the energy point of view. This project aims to develop a multi-functional electromagnetic semi-active TMD, (called MFE-SATMD), which consists of a mass block, springs, RLC circuit, and motors. The MFE-SATMD can generate electricity by the power generator and also provide control force by a control motor. A general semi-active control algorithm will be developed for the MFE-SATMD. The control algorithm has two functions: energy harvesting and vibration control. The detuning effect can also be mitigated by changing the parameters of the circuit appropriately.

謝誌 I
摘要 II
Abstract III
目錄 IV
表格目錄 VI
圖形目錄 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 文獻回顧 2
1.3 本文內容 5
第二章 結構裝設MFE-SATMD理論推導 7
2.1 MFE-SATMD構造與原理 7
2.2 結構裝設MFE-SATMD之運動方程式推導 7
2.3 MFE-SATMD控制方法 10
2.3.1 脈衝寬度調變（Pulse Width Modulation, PWM） 10
2.3.2 MFE-SATMD 之電路控制 11
2.4數值模擬方法 12
2.4.1 離散時間狀態方程式 12
2.4.2 半主動控制力ud[k]之決定 13
第三章 具儲能之RCL電路系統 17
3.1 儲能電路理論推導 17
3.1.1串聯式儲能電路 17
3.1.2並聯式儲能電路 20
3.2 系統能量之計算 23
第四章 單自由度結構裝設MFE-SATMD 之減振效益 27
4.1 主結構與MFE-SATMD之參數設定 27
4.1.1 單自由度主結構參數設定 27
4.1.2 MFE-SATMD參數設定 27
4.2 MFE-SATMD之控制律參數決定 29
4.3 簡諧外力反應之減振 30
4.3.1 MFE-SATMD之遲滯行為 30
4.3.2 歷時反應分析 31
4.3.3 頻率反應曲線 31
4.3.4 離頻效益之影響 32
4.4 地震歷時反應之減振效益 33
4.4.1 數值模擬使用之震波 33
4.4.2 減振效益評估 34
4.4.3 儲能效益計算 36
第五章 多自由度結構裝設MFE-SATMD 之減振效益 38
5.1 多自由度系統介紹 38
5.2 最佳化設計 38
5.3 頻率反應曲線 39
5.4 地震歷時反應 40
5.4.1 減振效益評估 40
5.4.2 儲能效益計算 41
第六章 結論與建議 43
6.1 結論 43
6.2 建議 45
參考文獻 46

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