臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

含羞草(Mimosa pudica) 為多年生草本植物，台灣的氣候十分適合含羞草生長，全台各地隨處可見，在台灣含羞草可做為中草藥使用。本研究為收集台灣各地區含羞草，且以氣相層析質譜議 (GC-MS) 檢測其是否含有具肝毒性及致癌性之吡咯啶生物鹼 (pyrrolizidine alkaloids)。實驗以含羞草全株或莖或根檢驗樣品，首先以酸水萃取，再經由固相萃取 (CE-SPE) 純化，最後以氣相層析質譜儀分析，藉由文獻和 RI 值的比對進行定性分析。經實驗初步結果顯示，含羞草至少含有五種吡咯啶生物鹼，分別為9-angeloyltrachelanthamidine、9-tigloyltrachelanthamidine 、9-tigloylplatynecine、9-angeloyldihydroxyheliotridane和 9-angeloylretronecine。定量分析方面利用 methyl palmitate 做為實驗的內標準品，並提取含羞草中主要成份 9-angeloyltrachelanthamidine製備檢量線定量含羞草吡咯啶生物鹼總含量。實驗結果得知 9-angeloyltrachelanthamidine 為含羞草中含量最高之 PAs ，其含量為 37.75 ~ 340.71μg/g Herb 。利用本研究之實驗結果，建立一套檢測中草藥所含吡咯啶生物鹼之研究方法，以確保民眾服用含羞草的安全，並進一步的進行中草藥之風險評估。

Mimosa pudica is a perennial herb, it can be used as Chinese herbal medicine in Taiwan. Mimosa pudica are collected from several towns in Taiwan.We proposed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to detect Mimosa pudica whether contain with liver toxicity and
carcinogenicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids were isolated from the aqueous acid extracts of the above ground whole plant or roots by use of strong cation-exchange, solid-phase extraction (SCE-SPE). The sensitive analysis of PAs was identified from plant material by GC-MS method, and enhance accuracy by literature and RI values. Through the preliminary experimental result, the Mimosa
pudica contain at least five pyrrolizidine alkaloids, as 9-angeloyl
-trachelanthamidine、9-tigloyltrachelanthamidine、9-tigloylplatynecine、9-angeloyldihydroxyheliotridane、9-angeloylretronecine. In quantification
analysis of the individual PAs was determined by linear regression curves. The methyl palmitate was examined as an internal standard examined. 9-Angeloyltrachelanthamidine figured as a major PA in Mimosa pudica (37.75 ~ 340.71μg/g). This study will provide important information to public consumers regarding the health risk of intake Mimosa pudica containing PAs.

誌謝 II
目錄 VI
圖目錄 VIII
表目錄 X
中文摘要 XI
英文摘要 XII
第一章 緒 論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二章 文獻探討 3
第一節 含羞草之介紹 3
第二節 吡咯啶生物鹼之介紹 5
一、含吡咯啶生物鹼之中草藥 5
二、雙稠吡咯啶生物鹼之基本結構 7
三、吡咯啶生物鹼在植物體生成之路徑 13
四、雙稠吡咯啶生物鹼於生物體內外之代謝途徑介紹 15
五、雙稠吡咯啶生物鹼經生物體代謝形成之基因毒性與致癌性 17
六、吡咯啶生物鹼經代謝生成 DNA 加合物之分析方法 23
第三節 吡咯啶生物鹼之檢測方法 29
一、吡咯啶生物鹼之顯色方法 29
二、吡咯啶生物鹼之純化方法 32
三、吡咯啶生物鹼的之定性與定量試驗 34
四、庚烷到三十碳烷之 RI 值 (Kovats index) 之計算 40
第三章 材料與方法 42
第一節 實驗材料 42
一、實驗植物 42
二、實驗藥品 43
三、實驗儀器 44
第二節 實驗方法 45
一、實驗流程 45
二、植物萃取流程 47
三、Ehrlich test 48
四、固相萃取 (SPE) 49
五、氣相層析質譜儀 (GC/MS) 50
第四章 結果與討論 51
第一節 各植物之顯色結果 51
第二節 含羞草GC/MS定性分析 53
一、含羞草定性分析 53
第三節 萃取方法和含羞草 GC/MS 定量分析 73
一、萃取方法 73
二、大量提取及純化含羞草標準品9-angeloyltrachelanthamidine (40) 之製備 73
三、檢量線之製作 74
四、內標準品之製備 76
五、市售含羞草定量分析 78
第五章 結論 85
參考文獻 86

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