臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要

近年來積體電路的半導體技術發展神速，消費性電子產品的改變更新漸漸邁向輕薄短小及使用便利的目的發展，而慢慢習慣以電池為常用的存能元件，也使得電池在特定使用條件下發展出更多樣的用途與規格，並廣泛的應用在電子產品、不斷電系統、筆記型電腦及電動車等。

為了要以低成本實現各款電池之CC-CV充電器，本論文採用一般電子材料行販售的交流轉直流定電壓切換式電源供應器作為主要的充電架構，實現一控制電路利用電源供應器與電池組端間電壓回授訊號，使之具有電池充電模式和可調變電壓電流功能，進而達到具有低成本和自我調適效果之智慧型充電器。

Abstract

In recent years, the semiconductor integrated circuit technology developed, it changes in consumer electronics products updates and use short, gradually towards the purpose of facilitating the development，and gradually got used to save the battery can be used as component, but also makes batteries used in certain conditions to
develope a variety of uses and specifications, and a wide range of applications in
electronics, UPS systems, laptops and electric vehicles.

In order to achieve low-cost sections of the CC-CV Battery Charger, this paper uses the general electronics store selling the fixed-voltage AC to DC switching power
supply as the main charge structure, to achieve a control circuit for the use of electrical devices connection between the battery voltage feedback signal, so that it
has changed the battery charging mode and adjustable voltage and current capabilities, thus achieving the effect of a low-cost and self-adjustment of intelligent charger.

目錄

摘要.....................................................................I
Abstract...............................................................II
目錄...................................................................III
圖目錄..................................................................VI
表目錄................................................................VIII
第一章 緒論.............................................................1
1.1研究背景與動機.........................................................1
1.2 研究目的與現況........................................................2
1.3內容大綱..............................................................3
第二章 電源供應器架構原理簡介.............................................4
2.1傳統式電源供應器之介紹..................................................4
2.2切換式電源供應器電路拓樸................................................6
2.3電源供應器回授控制原理.................................................13
第三章 硬體電路控制設計..................................................17
3.1硬體電路架構..........................................................17
3.2硬體電路模組
3.2.1 Power MOSFET 開關板 & IC電源供應板..................................18
3.2.2 MCU控制模組板..............................................22
3.2.3 Feedback控制模組板.........................................23
第四章 實驗結果分析......................................................31
4.1硬體平台設置展示........................................................31
4.2系統流程圖.............................................................35
4.3系統平台實測...........................................................37
第五章 結論與展望........................................................40
5.1 結論.................................................................40
5.2 未來展望..............................................................40
參考文獻..................................................................41

圖目錄

圖2.1 線性式電源供應器電路.....................................................4
圖2.2 切換式電源供應器架構圖...................................................5
圖2.3 降壓式轉換器............................................................6
圖2.4 MOS導通等效電路.........................................................7
圖2.5 降壓式轉化器波形........................................................8
圖2.6 MOS關閉等效電路.........................................................9
圖2.7 電容電流波形...........................................................12
圖2.8 輸出電壓波形...........................................................12
圖2.9 電源供應器回授電路......................................................13
圖2.10 輸入取樣與基準電源比較..................................................14
圖2.11 鋸齒波發生器提供時脈訊號................................................14
圖2.12 內部電路..............................................................15
圖2.13 輸入1mA至Feedback....................................................16
圖3.1 系統架構..............................................................17
圖3.2 MOSFET電路圖..........................................................18
圖3.3 Current Shunt........................................................19
圖3.4 OPA335...............................................................19
圖3.5 LM4040 to 2.5V.......................................................20
圖3.6 TPS60400 Charge Pump Voltage Inverter................................21
圖3.7 MCU控制模組架構........................................................22
圖3.8 韌體除錯..............................................................22
圖3.9 Feedback模組架構圖....................................................23
圖3.10 DAC8574架構圖.........................................................23
圖3.11 MOSFET分流電路........................................................24
圖3.12 定電壓電路............................................................25
圖3.13 預充電流..............................................................26
圖3.14 定電流電路............................................................27
圖3.15 充電開關電路..........................................................28
圖3.16 電源MOSFET...........................................................29
圖3.17 電流偵測電路..........................................................29
圖3.18 ADC架構圖............................................................30
圖4.1 平台控制端...........................................................31
圖4.2 MOSFET電源端.........................................................32
圖4.3 硬體完整電路..........................................................32
圖4.4 人機介面...............................................................33
圖4.5 系統流程圖.............................................................35
圖4.6 封包流程圖.............................................................36
圖4.7 電池在預充電流.........................................................37
圖4.8 經過三次充放電循環......................................................38
圖4.9 調變電流結果...........................................................39

表目錄
表2.1 線性電源供應器與切換式電源供應器優缺點....................................5
表4.1 控制端封包............................................................32
表4.2 控制端指令表..........................................................34

參考文獻
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[2] 中華民國電動機車推廣現況研討會，行政院環保署, 1998.
[3] Bendall Clark A. and Peterson William A., “An EV on-board battery charger, ”IEEE Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation ,in San Jose, CA , USA ,vol. 1, pp. 26-31, 1996.
[4] 孫清華，可充電電池技術大全，全華書局, 2001.
[5] 華志強，蔡宗佑，邱奕起，「單晶片控制智慧型電池充電與電量估測」，第六屆台灣電力電子研討會,彰化師範大學,台灣, pp. 135-141, 2007.
[6] 梁適安，轉換式電源供應器原理與設計，全華書局, 1991.
[7] Venkataramanan Giri, “A direct AC-DC converter for battery chargers,”Power Electronics Specialists Conference, PESC '97Record., 28th Annual IEEE, in St. Louis, MO , USA, Vol.1, pp. 22-27, June, 1997.
[8] Texas Instruments, 『OPA335 Datasheet』.
[9] ZETEX, 『LM4040 Datasheet』.
[10] Texas Instruments, 『TPS60400 Datasheet』.
[11] ATMEL, 『AT90can128 8-bit Microcontrollers Datasheet』.
[12] Texas Instruments, 『DAC8574 Datasheet』.
[13] Texas Instruments, 『ADS1100 Datasheet』.
[14] 明緯企業, http://www.meanwell.com.tw/ch_profile.html