臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

風能為不穩定之能量來源，為了達到有效利用風能，需要搭配一儲能系統緩衝再生能源能量的變化。通常我們使用雙向直流轉換器達成主動控制能量儲存以及風能發電端與負載間的功率流動。由於直流鏈電壓以及儲能裝置輸出電壓之電壓差大，轉換器還須具有高升壓比之能力。雙主動橋式(Dual Active Bridge, DAB)轉換器具有雙向功率流動、電氣隔離、高升壓比能力、以及ZVS軟切之特性，適合做為儲能系統使用。
　　本研究設計與實做一額定為1.5kW之DAB轉換器，搭配鉛酸電池做為再生能源之能量儲存系統；依據功率平衡之條件，控制鉛酸蓄電池組儲能及釋能。實測結果證實本文提出之儲能系統可達成雙向功率流動並平衡再生能源及負載間的功率潮流。

Wind energy is a kind of intermittent energy source. For managing the available wind energy effectively, the energy storage system serves as an energy buffer between wind source and its load. The bidirectional DC-DC power converter has the function to actively control the bidirectional power flow between battery and load, and thus it is usually applied to the energy storage system. Due to the huge voltage difference between DC Link and battery, the bidirectional DC-DC power converter also needs to achieve high step-up ratio in some specific cases. Amongst these requirements, the Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converter possessing functions of bidirectional power flow, electrical isolation, high step-up ratio, and zero voltage switching, is worthy of applications in such energy storage systems.
This thesis presents the design and implementation of a 1.5kW DAB converter equipped with lead acid battery as an actively controlled energy storage device. In accordance with the power balancing rules regulated by the DAB converter, testing results verify that the battery can be charged or discharged to regulate the power flow and balance the electric power between renewable resource and demand.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 IV
目錄 V
表目錄 IX
圖目錄 X
符號表 XV
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究內容與貢獻 3
1.3 本文大綱 6
第二章 風能轉換系統簡介 8
2.1 前言 8
2.2 風能轉換系統 8
2.3 再生能源儲能系統 10
2.4 結語 12
第三章 隔離型雙向直流-直流轉換器 13
3.1 前言 13
3.2 全橋式雙向直流-直流轉換器 13
3.3 相位移控制 14
3.3.1 傳統相位移全橋轉換器 14
3.3.2 Dual Active Bridge轉換器 26
3.4 結語 37
第四章 再生能源儲能系統分析設計與模擬 38
4.1 前言 38
4.2 再生能源儲能轉換器規劃 38
4.3 鉛酸蓄電池特性簡介 40
4.4 再生能源儲能系統之能量管理策略 45
4.5 隔離型雙向直流-直流轉換器之控制 48
4.5.1 充電(儲能)模式之控制 48
4.5.2 放電(釋能)模式之控制 50
4.6 Powersim(PSIM)模擬結果 51
4.7 結語 56
第五章 硬體電路實作與軟體規畫 57
5.1 前言 57
5.2 硬體架構 57
5.2.1 隔離型雙向直流-直流轉換器 58
5.2.2 電壓回授偵測電路 59
5.2.3 電流回授偵測電路 60
5.2.4 功率開關驅動電路 62
5.2.5 數位信號處理器介面電路 65
5.3 軟體規劃 66
5.3.1 系統程式規劃 66
5.3.2 充放電模式轉換程式 68
5.3.3 隔離型雙向直流-直流轉換器之控制程式 72
5.4 結語 73
第六章 實體電路測試與結果 74
6.1 前言 74
6.2 充電(儲能)模式之實測結果 75
6.3 放電(釋能)模式之實測結果 78
6.4 充電與放電模式切換之實測結果 81
6.5 結語 86
第七章 結論與未來研究方向 88
7.1 結論 88
7.2 未來展望 89
參考文獻 91

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