臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究之主題為探討在三種不同溫度的陽極處理條件下，包括30℃，21℃以及12℃時，以固定的電流密度15mA/cm2，固定濃度為15wt%的硫酸電解液中，進行為時不等的陽極處理。而根據各個階段量測的膜層性質，利用電子顯微鏡，分光光度計，膜厚測厚儀以及功率分析儀，來探討其微觀的陽極微孔型態，氧化層膜厚的成長趨勢，電流-時間曲線，以及合金表面整體顏色及亮度的改變。除此之外，色彩量測數據為使用工業上的色彩標準CIE L*a*b表示。
藉由實際之噴砂處理，對鋁合金試片施以兩種不同的噴砂壓力，使其表面粗糙度增加。目的為探討在定溫之下，進行相同的陽極處理程序後，試片表面不同的粗糙度對於陽極完成後顏色變化的影響。而同樣是採用CIE L*a*b色彩座標來表示顏色及亮度的變化值。
經由實驗結果得知，降低陽極處理時的溫度，氧化膜層的厚度會增加；從微觀上來看，陽極多孔層中的奈米孔洞尺寸會縮小，但是單一的微胞(cell)尺寸則隨著電壓升高而擴大。根據實驗上所量測之鋁合金表面光反射率數值，顯示出即使在相同膜厚下，當陽極處理時溫度升高，反射率也會隨之些微增加。

The purpose of the study is aimed at investigating anodizing treatment in there different temperature at 30℃,21℃ and 12℃.It is all anodizing at the same current density 15mA/cm2,and using 15wt% sulfuric acid as electrolyte. For every anodizing treatment stage, we discuss the porous cell structure, growing rate of oxide layer, voltage-time curve and finally color change on the alloy’s surface after anodizing. Using SEM, spectrophotometer, coating thickness tester and power analyzer assay all experimental result. Moreover, color data is present by industrial standard CIE L*a*b coordinate value.
By using sand-blasting treatment, surface roughness of the aluminum alloy is changed by different air pressure. The intention is to discuss the color change on the alloy after anodizing exerting different surface roughness condition. The same as before using, color data is present by industrial standard CIE L*a*b value.
When anodizing temperature is decreasing, thickness of the oxide layer is increasing. At small scale, the nano-pore size decreasing, but cell size increasing with forming voltage. Visible light reflectance of the anodizing aluminum alloy surface also rises as anodizing temperature increasing according to the measuring statistics.

摘要
Abstract
總目錄…………………………………………………………………………………I
The list of Table………………………………………………………………………IV
The list of Figure……………………………………………………………………V
第一章前言……………………………………………………………………1
第二章文獻回顧………………………………………………………………2
2-1 鋁的陽極處理…………………………………………………………2
2-1-1 陽極處理的應用……………………………………………………2
2-2 陽極處理的分類………………………………………………………3
2-2-1硫酸法…………………………………………………………3
2-2-2 草酸法………………………………………………………3
2-2-3 鉻酸法………………………………………………………4
2-3 鋁合金陽極處理的生成機制…………………………………………4
2-3-1 鋁陽極氧化層的型式………………………………………4
2-3-2 鋁陽極緻密層以及多孔層的形成……………………………5
2-3-3 氧化層的成長以及溶解………………………………………6
2-4 微胞大小與形成電壓的關係…………………………………………6
2-5 鋁陽極處理操作溫度與氧化層尺寸關係……………………………7
2-6 鋁陽極處理後其多孔層之光學特性………………………………7
第三章實驗步驟………………………………………………………………8
3-1 實驗材料………………………………………………………………8
3-2 試片規格………………………………………………………………9
3-3 實驗儀器………………………………………………………………9
3-3-1 直流電源供應器……………………………………………9
3-3-2 功率分析儀…………………………………………………10
3-3-3 陽極處理槽…………………………………………………10
3-3-4 乾式噴砂機…………………………………………………10
3-3-5 薄膜測厚儀…………………………………………………10
3-3-6 表面粗度儀…………………………………………………11
3-3-7 分光式色差儀………………………………………………11
3-3-8 掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM) ………………………………11
3-3-9 化學分析電子儀(ESCA) ………………………………12
3-4 實驗步驟……………………………………………………………12
3-4-1 前處理………………………………………………………12
3-4-1.1 脫脂(Degreasing)………………………………………12
3-4-1.2 噴砂(Sand blasting)…………………………………13
3-4-1.3 鹼洗(Alkaline etching)…………………………………13
3-4-1.4 去污點/去除氧化物(Desmutting/Deoxidizing)………13
3-4-2 陽極處理(Anodizing)………………………………………14
3-5 實驗參數……………………………………………………………14
3-5-1 陽極處理時間………………………………………………14
3-5-2 電解液溫度…………………………………………………14
3-5-3 表面粗糙度…………………………………………………15
第四章結果與討論…………………………………………………………16
4-1 電解液溫度差異對氧化皮膜厚度的影響…………………………16
4-2 陽極處理後影響表面顏色的因素………………………………….17
4-2-1 膜層厚度對光線反射率的影響………………………………17
4-2-1.1 陽極初期對光線反射率的影響……………………18
4-2-1.2 陽極處理後期對光線反射率的影響………………19
4-2-2 表面粗糙度對光線反射率的影響……………………………20
4-2-3 膜層性質對光線反射率的影響………………………………22
4-2-3.1 溫度增加對陽極孔洞尺寸的影響…………………22
4-2-3.2 形成電壓對陽極孔洞尺寸的影響…………………23
4-3 合金GC150與5052陽極性質的比較……………………………23
4-3-1 反光率的差異性……………………………………………24
4-3-2 膜厚成長曲線的比較………………………………………24
第五章 結論…………………………………………………………………26
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………27
附錄 1 分光式色差儀量測方式…………………………………………………100
附錄 2 合金5052以及GC150金相圖…………………………………………101
附錄 3 陽極處理添加硫酸鋁[Al2(SO4)3]對膜層性質之影響…………………103

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