臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

身為美國十九世紀著名的幽默文學家，馬克吐溫在其著作《頑童流浪記》中，透過描寫主角哈克與黑奴吉姆為追求自由的冒險故事，抨擊當時各種崇虛尚偽的社會現象。本研究旨在討論張永松、黎裕漢、吳蘭芳、文怡虹、賈文浩和賈文淵五個中文譯本，譯者如何處理作者在文中所表現的幽默手法。本研究主要探討兩個問題：（一）譯者在翻譯文學作品中的幽默內容時最常遭遇到的困難為何？（二）譯者可運用何種翻譯策略來體現原文所欲傳達之幽默效果？
本研究擷取文中七則幽默笑話內容，引用薩波畢斯可(Patrick Zabalbeascoa)所提出之六種笑話分類方式，以直譯與意譯的觀點，探究譯者根據不同類型的笑話所採用的翻譯策略。分析結果發現，譯者在翻譯笑話時最常面臨到另有影射其他涵義的內容，若譯者單就字面上的意思進行翻譯的話，讀者很難意會到作者在原文中想表達的幽默意涵。因此，譯者多採取意譯的方式來處理此類內容。再者，若笑話內文牽涉到文化及歷史背景的話，使用意譯方式所達到的效果仍然有限，因此，譯者在譯文中提供附註說明，使讀者能夠獲得額外的背景知識，進一步理解原文幽默之處。
然而，幽默是一種非常主觀的意識形態，每個人的笑點不盡相同，如何翻譯文學作品中幽默的片段將會是幽默翻譯研究的一大課題。

As a well-known author and humorist of American Literature in 19th century, Mark Twain expresses his judgments on the hypocritical society of the time through elaborating the adventurous journey of Huck and Jim in his masterpiece, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The present study aims to probe into how the five translators (You-song, Zhang, Yu-han, Li, Lan-fang, Wu, Yi-hong, Wen, Wen-hao, Gu, and Wen-yuan, Gu) in Taiwan deal with the humorous passages of the original. The two research questions discussed in this study are listed as follws: (1) What difficulties may be encountered when translating humorous passage in literary work? (2) What strategies can be employed to reproduce the contextual effect when translating the humorous text?
Seven humorous passages retrieved from the novel were categorized based on Patrick Zabalbeascoa’s classification of joke, and were analyzed by using the criteria of literal translation and free translation. The findings indicate that the difficulty the translators have is translating words with implied meaning and expressions that carry some cultural references. If the translators merely translate the original literally, the target-text readers may not be able to grasp the underlying humorous effect of the original text. Therefore, some translators apply free translation strategy to solve this problem. However, if the original text contains cultural or historical background, it is almost impossible for the target-text reader to grasp the funny point only through reading the translation. Therefore, footnotes are given by some translators aside the translation as a compensation strategy. With further background information, the target-text readers are able to get the humorous effect derived from the original text.
However, a joke that makes some people laugh may not rouse the interest of others. How to deliver the humor of the original text can be a research focus in the study of humor translation of literary works.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
Acknowledgements iv
Table of Contents v
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background Information of Mark Twain 2
1.2 Summary of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 3
1.3 Major Themes of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 6
1.4 Chinese translations of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in Taiwan 7
1.5 Research Questions 11
1.6 Thesis Outline 11
Chapter 2 Literature Review 13
2.1 Translation Studies on Humor 13
2.2 Previous Studies on Translation of Huckleberry Finn 16
2.3 Definition and Classification of Joke 19
2.4 Literal Translation and Free Translation 21
Chapter 3 Analysis and Findings of Strategies for Translating Humor 24
3.1 Language-dependent Jokes 24
3.2 National-culture-and-institution Jokes 29
3.3 Complex Jokes 35
3.4 Concluding Remarks 42
Chapter 4 Conclusion 44
4.1 Summary 44
4.2 Limitations of the Research 45
4.3 Suggestions for Future Research 46
References 47

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