臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

為配合政府發展潔淨的綠色能源，建立學校之公共設施示範系統之典範，本校於民國91年裝設一具風力發電機組，主要研究目的為探討風力發電機組風電的轉換效率，而系統利用LabVIEW圖控軟體撰寫監控程式，將所監測的資料數據，加以推算系統發電效率，並且比較整流器(EZ-WIRE)和直交流電力轉換器這兩種系統電力轉換所損耗的情況，藉以設置負載的需求。
另外為了探討風力發電機葉片在各個仰角度ψ時，葉片邊界流場的氣動阻力影響發電機轉子所產生的制動現象，本研究除了利用數位質點顯像測速系統(DPIV)做實驗架設外，並運用了CFD套裝軟體FLUENT來進行模擬分析。藉實驗分析中觀測到葉片在不同仰角度阻力的變化與數值模擬結果交叉比對，獲知增大風力發電機葉片的仰角度相對會減少葉片的氣動阻力，而風力發電機之仰角主要受其葉片下風處之渦漩互動所造成。

In order to meet the governmental development trend of the pure green energy and establish the school characteristic of the public facility demonstration system, the Southern Taiwan University of Technology installs a small wind power system in 2002. The main purpose for this study is to define the electricity transfer efficiency of the wind power generator. The monitoring software design for the system was written by using the LabVIEW. Then use the record data from monitoring the strategy locations in the circuit system, to calculate the system electricity generator efficiency. In addition, to estimate load demand, we will compare the inverter (DC/AC) with commutator (EZ-WIRE) in performance of their transform loses.
The elevation angle ψ of the wind turbine can help to decelerate the rotor of the generator in typhoon day. Moreover in order to research the relation between the elevation angle of the wind turbine and the aerodynamic flow field around the blades, a digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) system has been developed to measure instantaneous and ensemble-averaged flow fields around one two-dimensional blade. The flow phenomenon also utilized CFD software-FLUENT to carry out the numerical results for verifying the experimental data. It disclose that the vortex reaction in the downstream of the blade will be the main role for causing the elevation of the wind turbine.

摘　　要 v
Abstract vi
誌　　謝 vii
目　　次 viii
表目錄 xi
圖目錄 xii
照片目錄 xvi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2文獻回顧 2
1.3研究目的 4
第二章 風力發電示範系統設計 6
2.1風力發電系統分類 6
2.1.1獨立型系統 6
2.1.2混合型系統 7
2.1.3併聯型系統 7
2.2風力發電機組種類 8
2.2.1水平軸式風力發電機(HAWT) 8
2.2.2垂直軸式風力發電機(VAWT) 9
2.3 1瓩風力發電示範系統 9
2.3.1風力發電機組 10
2.3.1.1發電機 11
2.3.1.2控制調節器 11
2.3.1.3塔架 11
2.3.1.4葉片 12
2.3.1.5輪轂 12
2.3.2整流器 12
2.3.3蓄電池組 13
2.3.4電力轉換器 14
2.3.5風速風向儀 14
2.4監控系統硬體設備架設與軟體撰寫 15
2.4.1監控系統硬體設備 15
2.4.1.1感測元件 15
2.4.1.2多工器 16
2.4.1.3資料擷取卡 16
2.4.1.4配電盤 16
2.4.2監控系統軟體撰寫 17
2.4.2.1 Wind Table程式撰寫說明 17
2.4.2.2 Plane Table程式撰寫說明 18
2.4.2.3自動繪發電曲線程式撰寫說明 19
第三章 葉片氣動力分析 34
3.1研究目的 34
3.2葉片空氣動力學 35
3.3實驗設備與架構 37
3.3.1數位質點顯像測速系統(DPIV) 37
3.3.2風洞設備 38
3.3.3質點產生器 39
3.3.4收縮段及測試件製作 39
3.4實驗參數及設備調校 40
3.4.1實驗前置作業參數調校 40
3.4.1.1四分之ㄧ法則 40
3.4.1.2動力速度範圍(Dynamic Velocity Range) 41
3.4.1.3動力空間範圍(Dynamic Spatial Range) 42
3.4.2實驗設備調校 42
3.4.2.1 Nd-Yag雷射調校 42
3.4.2.2電子耦合攝影機調校 42
3.4.2.3系統軟體設定 43
3.4.2.4風洞與質點產生器調校 43
3.5數值模擬與方法 44
3.5.1數值理論 44
3.5.2模型建立與格點設定 46
3.5.3邊界條件設定 47
3.5.4求解(Solve) 48
第四章 結果與討論 57
4.1系統可靠度與監測結果探討 57
4.1.1系統可靠度評估 57
4.1.2監測結果探討 57
4.2葉片氣動力分析探討 58
4.2.1葉片切線方向之相對風速流場探討 58
4.2.2葉片受正向風速流場探討 59
4.2.3葉片受合力風速流場探討 60
第五章 結論與未來工作 77
參考文獻 79
附錄A 81
風車葉片運用翼素理論設計法 81
附錄B 84
風力發電機葉片設計 84
風車葉片的設計變更 85
符號彙編 91
作者簡介 93

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