臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

經濟批量排程問題(Economic Lot Scheduling Problem, ELSP)是單一機台在同一時間只能生產單一產品的多產品生產規劃問題。近年來由於環保意識的抬頭，許多國家都加以立法，要求企業承擔廢棄物、回收與再利用之責任，因此，本研究把回收與再利用的觀念加入傳統的經濟批量排程的問題內。考量在現實生活中，機台所生產出來的產品，未必皆能符合品管的標準，故本研究考慮生產系統同時具有操控和失控兩種模式。機器會因為長期使用而隨著指數分配在任意時間轉為失控模式，並可藉由維修由失控模式轉回操控模式，並分別考慮在不檢驗政策及定期檢驗政策下求解不完美系統之生產週期與每種產品之新品在生產週期中的製造次數使得單位期望總成本最小。並於性質分析中，證明出了在兩種政策下的經濟批量排程問題皆為一凸規劃問題。分別對兩種模式進行求解得到的解有下列性質（1）在定期檢驗政策中，製造期間之檢驗次數與產品的週期時間成正比，與新品之製造次數成反比；（2）於再製造期間之檢驗次數與產品的週期時間成正比。最後，於敏感度分析得知再製造整備成本、可用產品和尚不可使用回收產品的存貨持有成本、需求率與回收率對週期時間與總成本的影響程度較大。

Economic Lot Scheduling Problem（ELSP）is the problem which considers a single facility dedicated to the production of several different items. Recently, the rise of environmental consciousness, many countries made laws to require companies to take the responsibility of waste, recycling and reuse. So, this thesis considers the ELSP problem with remanufacturing. And in real life, facility produced products are not necessarily to conform quality control standards, so the process has two states: “in-control” and “out-of-control”. The facility may shift at a random time to out-of-control state with the exponential distributions. If the process is found to be in the out-of-control state, it can be restored it into in-control state. Two imperfect process models, one with inspection and the other with restoration, are constructed to minimize the total cost per unit time. The two ELSP models are shown to be convex programming problems, the cycle time and the number of new product produced for each product can be solved by differentiation. Furthermore, the models have the following properties. (1) In imperfect process with inspection and restoration, the inspection time during manufacturing period increase as the product cycle time increase, and as the number of new product produced decrease. (2) The inspected time during remanufacturing period increase as the product cycle time increase. Finally, the sensitivity analysis shows that setup costs for remanufacturing, holding cost for serviceable inventory, holding cost for recoverable inventory, demand rate and return rate have greater influence to the cycle time and total cost.

目錄
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究動機與目的 1
1.2研究範圍與假設 2
1.3研究架構與流程 2
第二章 文獻探討 4
2.1經濟批量排程問題 4
2.1.1獨立解法 4
2.1.2共同週期法 5
2.1.3 基本週期法 6
2.2逆物流 7
2.2.1逆物流之存貨模式 9
2.3不完美系統下之經濟批量排程問題 9
2.4小結 10
第三章 模式建構 11
3.1問題描述 11
3.2模式推導 12
3.2.1基本假設與符號定義 12
3.2.2不檢驗政策 14
3.2.3定期檢驗政策 18
3.3模式性質驗證與求解 22
3.3.1模式性質之驗證 23
3.3.2模式求解 30
第四章 數值分析 34
4.1數值範例 34
4.1.1不檢驗政策之經濟批量排程模式範例 34
4.1.2定期檢驗政策之經濟批量排程模式範例 35
4.2敏感度分析 37
4.2.1不檢驗政策之經濟批量排程模式之參數分析 37
4.2.2定期檢驗政策之經濟批量排程模式之參數分析 38
4.2.3小結 40
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 41
5.1結論 41
5.2未來研究方向 42
參考文獻 43
附錄A 定期檢驗政策範例計算詳解 45
附錄B 不檢驗政策參數分析表 48
附錄C 定期檢驗政策參數分析表 52





圖目錄
圖1-1操控到失控的轉移 2
圖2-1基本週期法圖示 7
圖2-2產品回收作業 8
圖3-1產品回收之存貨系統 12
圖4-1不檢驗政策下各種參數對單位時間總成本的影響 37
圖4-2不檢驗政策下各種參數對週期時間的影響 38
圖4-3定期檢驗政策下各種參數對單位時間總成本的影響 39
圖4-4定期檢驗政策下各種參數對週期時間的影響 39

表目錄
表4-1參數設定 34
表4-2參數計算結果 35
表A-1 16種組合 45
表A-2 64種組合 45
表B-1不檢驗政策回收率變動之影響 48
表B-2不檢驗政策需求率變動之影響 48
表B-3不檢驗政策可用產品存貨成本變動之影響 48
表B-4不檢驗政策尚不可用產品存貨成本變動之影響 49
表B-5不檢驗政策製造整備成本變動之影響 49
表B-6不檢驗政策再製造整備成本變動之影響 49
表B-7不檢驗政策製造瑕疵率變動之影響 50
表B-8不檢驗政策再製造瑕疵率變動之影響 50
表B-9不檢驗政策製造時期期望值變動之影響 50
表B-10不檢驗政策再製造時期期望值變動之影響 51
表B-11不檢驗政策瑕疵成本變動之影響 51
表C-1定期檢驗政策製造整備成本變動之影響 52
表C-2定期檢驗政策再製造整備成本變動之影響 52
表C-3定期檢驗政策尚不可用產品存貨成本變動之影響 53
表C-4定期檢驗政策可用產品存貨成本變動之影響 53
表C-5定期檢驗政策需求率變動之影響 54
表C-6定期檢驗政策回收率變動之影響 54
表C-7定期檢驗政策檢驗成本變動之影響 55
表C-8定期檢驗政策瑕疵成本變動之影響 55
表C-9定期檢驗政策製造瑕疵率變動之影響 56
表C-10定期檢驗政策再製造瑕疵率變動之影響 56
表C-11定期檢驗政策製造時期期望值變動之影響 57
表C-12定期檢驗政策再製造時期期望值變動之影響 57
表C-13定期檢驗政策維修成本變動之影響 58

中文部分
蔣其軒 (2007)，「利用共同週期法求解不完美生產系統下可變動生產速率之經濟批量排程問題」，國立成功大學工業管理研究所碩士論文。
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