臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究探討高山攀登者在超然體驗、心流與幸福感之因果關係。此外，以高山攀登者高度參與和低度參與作為比較，並深入探討幸福感之次構面自我實現和快樂享受之影響。本研究採現地調查法，以線性結構關係模式Lisrel 8.80版進行實證分析。正式問卷回收共計388份，刪除無效問卷後，實得有效問卷339份，有效問卷率為87.37%。
研究結果顯示，超然體驗對心流和幸福感具有正向且顯著之影響，心流對幸福感也具有正向且顯著之影響。心流在超然體驗與幸福感間扮演中介角色，即超然體驗透過心流而對幸福感產生影響。進一步分析高山攀登者之高度參與和低度參與，在超然體驗、心流與幸福感之關係，都呈現正向且顯著關係；再深入探討超然體驗、心流與自我實現之關係，亦為正向且顯著；然而，在超然體驗、心流與快樂享受的關係上，低度參與者在心流與快樂享受則未呈現顯著關係。本研究提供研究意涵與建議，以利未來模式之建立與研究方向。

關鍵字：超然體驗、心流、幸福感、自我實現、快樂享受

The purpose of this study is to investigate the causal relationships among transcen-dent experience, the notion of flow and sense of happiness. In addition, the differences in experiencing eudaimonic happiness and hedonic enjoyment between participants who are highly motivated and non-motivated in mountaineering are also assessed. The data collection was conducted locally by sample survey methodology and compiled results were statistically analyzed based on structural equation modeling by software Lisrel 8.8 version. Total 388 surveys were received and 339 valid samples were used for this study (87.37% questionnaire validity rate).
The result showed that transcendent experience positively affects one experiencing the state of flow and sense of happiness. In addition, a person with transcendent experi-ences is allowed with a higher degree of happiness through the notion of flow. In the case study of participants in mountaineering, climbers who are highly immersed and en-joyed in the activity, experiencing a state of transcendence, also display positive correla-tion between the sense of flow as well as happiness. Such correlation was not observed among non-motivated climbers to hedonic enjoyment. Finally, the concept of flow and eudaimonic also appears to be positively associated for people with transcendent experiences. Results and conclusions obtained from this study can be used in establishing research models for future study.
Keywords: transcendent experience, flow, happiness, eudaimonic, hedonic enjoymen

內容目錄
內容目錄　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． i
表目錄　　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． iii
圖目錄　　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． v
第一章　　緒論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 1
　　第一節　　研究背景．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 1
　　第二節　　研究問題與目的．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 3
　　第三節　　研究範圍與對象．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 5
　　第四節　　研究內容與流程．．．．．．．．．．．． 6
第二章　　文獻回顧．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 8
　　第一節　　超然體驗．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 8
　　第二節　　心流．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 11
　　第三節　　幸福感．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 20
第四節 實證研究．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 30
第三章　　研究設計．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 36
　　第一節　　研究架構．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 36
　　第二節　　研究變數之操作性定義．．．．．．．．． 38
　　第三節　　研究假設．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 39
　　第四節　　問卷設計．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 41
　　第五節　　樣本與資料收集．．．．．．．．．．．． 48
　　第六節　　資料分析方法．．．．．．．．．．．．． 49
　　第七節　　問卷預試．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 50
第四章　　實證分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 60
　　第一節　　樣本結構．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 60
　　第二節　　研究變數之敘述性統計分析．．．．．．．　 66
　　第三節　超然體驗、心流與幸福感實證研究模式之建立 75
　　第四節　高山攀登者高度參與和低度參與之比較．．． 88
　　第五節　假設檢定．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 97
　　第六節　結果與討論．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 98
第五章　　結論與建議．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 109
　　第一節　結論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 109
　　第二節　研究結論之意涵．．．．．．．．．．．． 111
　　第三節　研究限制與後續研究之建議．．．．．．． 113
參考文獻　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 114
附錄A　研究問卷．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 137

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