臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

傳統上，最大地表加速度(Peak Ground Acceleration，PGA)是常用來評估地震災害的參數之ㄧ，因為它可以直接與地震力產生關聯，應用起來非常簡單。台灣地震損失評估系統(TELES)主要就是以PGA、短週期( ；0.3秒)和中長週期( ；1.0秒)譜加速度來表示地表震動強度，另外也使用地震引致的永久變位做為評估地震災害潛勢的參數。但PGA通常僅代表短週期的地動特性，不能精確地評估自然振動週期較長之建築物的災害。為此，本研究使用的強地動參數譜震度Spectral Intensity (SI)包含震波能量、振幅強弱、頻率內含等與震災相關的種種特性，更能作為判斷建築物破壞的依據。
本研究分析中央氣象局1993~2006年期間，芮氏規模5.5~7.0，震源距離R200 公里的 27個淺源地震，可分析之強震紀錄總共 1,352 筆，探討1210成功地震的譜震度分布與災害，最後用基因演算法的迴歸方法，算出花東地區的中週期譜震度衰減率曲線。
本研究由台灣花東地區強震資料的反應譜特性定義出三個分段，目前僅針對中週期分段的SI應用基因演算法迴歸其衰減模式。結果顯示將適應函數設定為量測到的SI和計算的SI自然對數差值的函數將可大幅降低資料迴歸之自然對數標準差。為了提高近震源之資料之權值，一個可行的方法是將資料權值定義為與震源距離相關的函數。本研究所得的結果可以作為地震工程學上災損評估的一很好的依據，在地震危害度分析上譜震度的衰減形式應是一個值得探討的指標。

Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) is the most common parameter used to evaluate seismic hazard in tradition, because it is relative to seismic force and easy to apply. Therefore, Taiwan Earthquake Loss Estimation System (TELES) select PGA, Sas (0.3 sec) spectrum and Sal (1.0 sec) spectrum to display the magnitude of ground motion. Besides, permanent displacement caused by earthquake is another parameter to assess the potential of seismic hazard. Nevertheless, PGA represents merely the ground shaking characteristics for short period, but can not predict the response of tall building with longer period. Due to this reason, the Spectral Intensity (SI), which involves energy, amplitude and frequency content of seismic wave, was chosen to determine the safety of building in this study.
Since there is close relationship between the integral of SI and resonant period of structure, the acceleration spectrum of seismic design code for low, medium and tall buildings was referred to analyze the damage percentage to different buildings in this research. Totally 1,352 seismic records from 1993 to 2006, within 200 km from epicenter, induced by 27 shallow earthquakes with ML magnitudes from 5.5 to 7.0 were used in this research. The purpose is to study the distribution of spectrum intensity and disasters, and to come out the attenuation curve of spectrum intensity of medium period in Haulien and Taitung area by Genetic algorithm regression. The results can be applied to seismic engineering evaluation.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究方向 1
1.2文獻回顧 1
1.3研究動機 2
1.4研究目的 6
第二章 研究方法 8
2.1反應譜的原理 8
2.2譜震度 9
2.3基因演算法12
2.3.1基因演算法概述 12
2.3.2基因演算法基本理論 13
2.3.2.1複製 13
2.3.2.2交配 14
2.3.2.3突變 16
2.3.3基因演算法數學理論 16
2.3.4基因演算法運算步驟 18
2.3.5基因演算法主要特性 22
2.3.6處罰函數 22
2.4衰減模式 26
第三章 資料處理 29
3.1 強震資料的取得 31
3.2 譜震度的演算 32
3.3 衰減曲線的迴歸 35
3.4 測站地盤分類 36
第四章 結果分析與討論 38
4.1 T1、T2的統計特性 39
4.2成功地震譜震度分析 44
4.3譜震度衰減模式之迴歸 56
4.3.1迴歸分析 51
4.3.2衰減曲線圖 56
4.3.3標準偏差綜合比較 61
第五章 結論與建議 63
參考文獻 65
簡歷 69

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