臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

建築排水通氣系統之規劃重點在於確保良好的排水性能，維持建築物內環境的衛生品質與健康性能；尤其SARS病菌在國際間急遽擴散傳染之後，如何有效防止污水臭氣或病菌竄入建築居室空間並使排水順暢，已然成為建築排水系統的研究重點。
本研究首先檢討台灣建築排水設計相關法規技術規範的現況與發展，並透過中高層住建築案例的排水通氣系統現況調查，瞭解國內集合住宅排水系統設計現況以雙管或多管分流的排水立管系統型式為主，通氣系統方面則以排水立管連結通氣立管的簡化二立管結合形式較為廣泛；其次，參照單管式建築排水立管內空氣壓力預測理論模式，本研究利用全尺寸中高層排水實驗塔之實驗裝置與排水系統，再現前揭預測理論的各項參數及單管排水立管內空氣壓力分佈現況，確認實驗設施之可再現性與操作解析程序，作為後續預測理論發展與驗證之基礎。另依據建築排水通氣系統現況調查結果及現行設計規定之系統項目，建立二管式建築排水通氣系統之全尺寸實驗設施，以掌握其管內空氣壓力變動特性，並建立空氣壓力預測方法與簡易評估模式，期能回饋作為設計作業或法令研修之參考依據。

本研究成果摘述如下：
1.檢討建築排水設計相關法規技術規範之發展現況，並進行中高層住建築案例之排水通氣系統現況調查。
2.利用全尺寸中高層排水實驗系統，再現管式排水立管內空氣壓力分佈預測理論參數與管內壓力分佈狀況，確認理論與實驗解析之可再現性。
3.建立全尺寸中高層建築二管式排水通氣系統實驗裝置，並依據管內空氣壓力分佈實驗結果與單管式排水立管內空氣壓力預測數值，推導二管式排水通氣系統內空氣壓力預測模型。
4.建立建築排水通氣系統管內壓力簡易評估模式，並探討預測模型與簡易評估模式之可行性。
5.驗證完成國內建築排水通氣系統空氣壓力變動預測與評估方法，並規劃完成相關設計評估程序。

The fundamental requirement of a building drainage system is to carry away sanitary appliance discharge preventing foul odors ingress into the habitable space from drainage network, which is important for the healthiness and comfort of living environment. Pressure fluctuation control in vertical drainage stacks has been identified as important to insure sanitary drainage performance in early empirical studies. Chaotic plumbing and over-design are common in utility services within building envelopes from domestic investigations in Taiwan.
This research included the investigation on the venting method of drainage system of 51 apartment buildings in Taiwan. The analysis results show the tendency of building drainage system, vertical drainage stack, and vertical vent stack here in Taiwan. On the other hand, there are some discussions about the implication between the development and its design guideline. The second part is to experiment on the air pressure in vertical stack drainage system and establish the prediction methods for simulation and evaluation for design work. An experimental device that simulates a medium-height apartment was set up to provide empirical parameters and model verification in NTUST (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology). By the devices within this experimental tower, it has confirmed the basic parameters and the reproduced results in order to clear the relation between building height and air pressure in single vertical drainage stack following the reference theory. Considerable progress has been made in predicting the air pressure distribution within vertical drainage stacks. Following previous research, this part focuses on an empirical approach to air pressure prediction in 2-pipes vertical drainage and vent stacks system, which is widely used in Taiwan. The experimental devices have modified to a 2-pipes vertical drainage stacks for conducting the empirical parameter and evaluation method of air pressure of building drainage system. Next, we focus on the air pressure prediction in 2-pipes vertical drainage stacks from the predicted results of single drainage stack. Also there established a simplified evaluation method for air pressure prediction in vertical drainage stack.
Comparisons between the measured data and calculated values reveal that these prediction and evaluation methods can reproduce the mean air pressure distribution value in a vertical drainage stack given single point discharge and steady flow conditions. Also, the prediction results of 2-pipes drainage stack have been verified.
Meanwhile, the air pressure distribution prediction model of single stack drainage system has now been reproduced in Taiwan. And the prediction method of air pressure in 2-pipes stack drainage system has been established. The simplified air pressure evaluation method of vertical stack drainage system is also determined then. Herein, the application of these prediction methods has been confirmed, and these prediction methods can apply to the drainage design work.

Table of Contents

Abstract Ⅰ
Abstract in Chinese Ⅳ
Acknowledgements Ⅵ
Table of Contents Ⅶ
List of Tables Ⅸ
List of Figures Ⅹ
1. Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Statement of problem 2
1.3 Purposes and significance 3
1.4 Objectives 2
2. Literatures and theoretical review 9
2.1 Mechanism of vertical drainage flow 9
2.2 Theoretical reviews 12
3. Investigation and experiment of drainage system in medium-height
building 17
3.1 investigation of building drainage stack system in Taiwan 17
3.2 single vertical drainage stack experimental tower and its elementary
results 22
3.3 2-pipes stack drainage system experimental device and its elementary
results 31
4. Prediction methods of air pressure for building vertical drainage stacks
system 41
4.1 determination for reproduction of prediction method of air pressure
distribution in single stack drainage system 41
4.2 determination of prediction method of air pressure of 2-pipes stack
drainage system 50
5. Verification of the reproduction of the prediction results 59
5.1 verification: reproduction of experimental results for air pressure
distribution prediction method of single stack drainage system 59
5.2 verification: reproduction of experimental data of air pressure prediction
in 2-pipes stack drainage system 64
5.3 the simplified air pressure evaluation method for vertical stack drainage system 70
6. Conclusion 81

Nomenclature 86
References 87
Author presentation 91

Reference
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