臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

沃斯回火球墨鑄鐵（ADI）是將球墨鑄鐵經沃斯回火熱處理而得到的新興材料，其微觀組織為羽毛狀之肥粒鐵加富高碳之沃斯田鐵所形成之沃斯肥粒鐵（Ausferrite）。本實驗主要是將ADI利用無電鍍鎳及PVD（DLC/TiN）的表面改質方式作硬質薄膜的披覆，然後並探討各披覆層的附著性對ADI高週疲勞、拉伸強度及耐蝕性的影響，並進一步分析各種披覆薄膜的特性。
結果顯示球墨鑄鐵經過沃斯回火熱處理後，其基地微硬度、疲勞性質及耐腐蝕性質都會提升。而經過表面處理之ADI抗拉強度會有些微的提升，但是疲勞強度會下降0~24%，這是由於鍍膜所施予基材表面的殘留壓應力會導致基材產生拉應力以及會對靠近基材表面的缺陷有應力集中的效果，因為上述兩個原因，導致疲勞強度降低。就耐腐蝕性質來說，球墨鑄鐵的腐蝕從晶界開始，而沃斯回火球墨鑄鐵的腐蝕是從沃斯肥粒鐵與殘留沃斯田鐵邊界開始；鍍膜件的腐蝕行為是以孔蝕為主。實驗結果證實沃斯回火球墨鑄鐵經過ENi＋PVD-DLC表面改質後，會大大的提升耐蝕性。

Austempered ductile iron（ADI）is made from ductile iron by austempered treatment, and its main microstructure is ausferrite that is composed of acicular ferrite and high carbon austenite. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the influence of different coating layers on the high-cycle fatigue properties, corrosion properties. The specimen coated with ENi film by electroless plating process, TiN film by hollow cathode discharge ion-plating system and DLC films by cathodic arc plasma deposition system, respectively.
The results showed that the fatigue limit of ADI coated with hard film are 11~24% worse than the uncoated. There are two reasons to construe this phenomenon. First, fatigue crack initiation and propagation in the base metal take place at decreased applied stresses compared with uncoated base metal, since the compressive residual stresses in the coating are balanced by tensile residual stresses in the base metal that add with the applied tensile stresses. Second, ADI with hard film coating is associated with residual compressive stresses in the coating of such a magnitude that the coatings remain in compression during fatigue strength. Consequently the fatigue vracks initiate in the base metal and not in the coating. For corrosion properties, the corrosion of ductile iron begins from ferrite grain boundaries; the corrosion of ADI begins between ausferrite and retains austenite boundaries. The corrosion of ADI with coating begins pitting. DLC/ENi-UADI shows excellent corrosion resistance.

摘要 Ⅰ
Abstract Ⅱ
一、 前言 1
二、 文獻回顧 3
2-1 沃斯回火球墨鑄鐵的發展與特性 3
2-2 沃斯回火球墨鑄鐵的製程 4
2-3 沃斯回火溫度與ADI組織型態的關係 5
2-4 殘留沃斯田鐵型態 6
2-5 A DI的疲勞性質 7
2-6 ADI的疲勞破裂 9
2-7 表面改質 10
2-8 無電鍍鎳 10
2-9 PVD表面改質法 12
2-10 陰極電弧鍍膜法 12
2-11 氮化鈦（TiN）陶瓷硬膜簡介 15
2-12 類鑽薄膜薄膜 15
2-13 鍍膜附著性之量測 19
2-14 壓痕試驗法 20
2-15 刮痕試驗法 21
2-16 薄膜硬度之量測 24
2-17腐蝕機構 24
三、 實驗方法與步驟 26
3-1材料與實驗流程 26
3-2 試片製作 26
3-3 沃斯回火熱處理 30
3-4 表面改質處理 30
3-4-1無電鍍鎳處理 31
3-4-2中空陰極放電式離子鍍著系統 31
3-4-3 陰極電弧披覆DLC鍍膜處理 32
3-5鍍膜特性分析 33
3-5-1 鍍膜硬度量測 33
3-5-2 刮痕試驗 33
3-5-3 壓痕試驗 33
3-5-4 表面粗度測定 34
3-5-5 XRD相分析 34
3-5-6 拉曼分析 35
3-5-7 傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀（FT-IR） 35
3-5-8 AFM鍍膜表面型態觀察 36
3-6 機械性質測試 36
3-6-1 疲勞試驗 36
3-6-2 拉伸試驗 37
3-7 腐蝕（極化曲線）試驗 37
3-8 SEM表面型態觀察 38
四、 結果與討論 39
4-1 基地微觀組織 39
4-2 鍍層分析 43
4-2-1 鍍層表面型態及橫切面觀察 43
4-2-2 XRD分析 46
4-2-3 拉曼光譜分析 50
4-2-4 傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜分析 54
4-2-5 AFM鍍層表面觀察 56
4-2-6 表面粗糙度及微硬度分析 61
4-2-7 鍍層附著性分析 63
4-3 疲勞分析 68
4-3-1 高週疲勞試驗分析 68
4-3-2 疲勞破斷面觀察 75
4-4 拉伸性質分析 81
4-5 腐蝕性質分析 82
4-5-1 極化曲線分析 82
4-5-2 表面腐蝕型態觀察 87
第五章 結論 89
參考文獻 90

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