臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

研究背景和目的：注意力缺失及過動症兒童 (Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; ADHD) 簡稱過動兒，常見症狀為過動(hyperactive)、衝動 (impulsive)、注意力不集中 (inattentive behavior) 等。過去文獻較少同時研究ADHD孩童的運動能力（如：心肺適能）和感覺統合表現，因此本研究目的為藉由長時間運動介入，探討其對於ADHD孩童的心肺適能與感覺統合的影響。研究方法：本研究取樣ADHD孩童與一般孩童共約30人，分為三組：ADHD運動介入組、ADHD控制組和正常孩童控制組，ADHD孩童皆接受例行性的職能治療。研究介入前請家長填寫感覺能力處理剖析量表，以評估三組孩童的感覺統合表現，並且檢測孩童之心跳變異率 (heart rate variability; HRV) 和體適能 (physical fitness)。之後讓ADHD運動介入組實施八週的運動訓練計劃，每週三次，每次三十分鐘，於八週結束後比較三組之心肺適能與感覺統合之間的差異。結果：本研究結果顯示，ADHD孩童的心肺適能與感覺統合表現均低於一般孩童，經過八週的運動訓練計劃，在體適能方面，身體組成部分，ADHD運動組身高與體重較ADHD控制組顯著增加，腰臀圍比則顯著降低，而柔軟度、立定跳遠與一分鐘屈膝仰臥起坐較ADHD控制組顯著進步；在心跳變異率方面， ADHD運動組有趨近於正常的趨勢；在感覺統合方面， ADHD運動組和ADHD控制組則無顯著差異。結論：本研究建議以運動訓練計畫的輔助，搭配受試者本身例行性的職能治療，可能可改善ADHD孩童部分的心肺適能，進而改善其臨床病徵。

Background and purpose: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity. Studies that explored the sensory integration and exercise capacity (ex. cardiorespiratory fitness) in children with ADHD remained insufficient. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate influences of the long-term exercise intervention on sensory integration and cardiorespiratory fitness in children with ADHD. Methods: We recruited 30 children, including 20 children with ADHD and 10 typically developing children (normal group), to participate in this study. The recruited children with ADHD received occupational therapy regularly, and were randomly assigned into control (ADHD-CON) and exercise (ADHD-EX) groups. Participants in the ADHD-EX group performed an eight-weeks exercise intervention for 30 minutes per day, 3 days per week. All the parents of participants were required to finish the sensory profile (SP) for detecting the ability of sensory integration. In addition to SP, physical fitness and heart rate variability (HRV), as indicators of cardiorespiratory fitness, were assessed at the baseline and the end of the intervention. Results: Our results indicated poorer sensory integration and cardiorespiratory fitness in the ADHD groups compared with the normal group. After eight weeks of exercise intervention, height and weight were increased and waist-hip ratio was reduced in the ADHD-EX group in comparison with the ADHD-CON group. The flexibility, standing long jump, and sit-up in the ADHD-EX group were significantly greater than the ADHD-CON group. The HRV of ADHD-EX became similar with the normal group. There was no significant difference of sensory integration between the two ADHD groups. Conclusion: This study suggested that exercise intervention could improve parts of cardiorespiratory fitness for children with ADHD, who received occupational therapy regularly.

論文原創聲明書 ii
學位考試審定書 iii
中文摘要 iv
ABSTRACT vi
謝誌 viii
目錄 ix
表目錄 xii
圖目錄 xiii
第壹章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 2
第三節 研究問題 2
第四節 研究假設 3
第五節 研究方法 3
第貳章 文獻探討 5
第一節 注意力缺失過動症 5
第二節 注意力缺失過動症臨床診斷 8
第三節 心肺適能與活動量 11
第四節 感覺統合 16
第五節 跳繩運動對ADHD孩童的影響 18
第六節 文獻總結 21
第參章 研究方法 22
第一節 研究對象統計分析 22
第二節 研究設計 22
第三節 運動處方 22
第四節 研究器材與步驟 23
第五節 統計分析 28
第六節 研究流程 29
第肆章 量化研究結果 30
第一節 基本資料量測前後之差異比較 30
第二節 跳繩訓練對ADHD孩童體適能之影響 31
第三節 跳繩訓練對ADHD孩童心跳變異率之影響 32
第四節 跳繩訓練對ADHD孩童感覺統合之影響 32
第伍章 討論 34
第一節 跳繩運動對國小孩童身體組成之影響 34
第二節 跳繩運動對ADHD孩童體適能之影響 36
第三節 跳繩運動對ADHD孩童心跳變異率之影響 38
第四節 跳繩運動對ADHD孩童感覺統合之影響 41
第陸章 結論與建議 45
第一節 研究結論 45
第二節 研究限制 46
第三節 研究建議 46
參考文獻 48
圖與表說明 62

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