臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

佟妮‧莫莉森的小說一向充滿對黑人歷史與文化的關注，而《爵士》便呈現了作者對於十九世紀末、二十世紀交替期間發生於美國本土內黑人「大遷徙」此一被視為是社會、歷史、文化事件的反思。雖然故事的主軸時間點設在1926年正值黑人文藝復興的全盛時期，小說卻鮮少提及此時期黑人在藝術與文化上的成就，轉而刻畫那些為追求更好生活不惜離鄉背井遷移至北部大城哈林區的南方黑人的生活。透過對這些遷移的南方黑人所遭遇精神與婚姻危機的描繪，莫莉森的小說深入探究了地理重新配置對非裔美國人的生活所造成的衝擊。在小說中，莫莉森將「大遷徙」視為非裔美國人在歷史與文化上的「斷裂」點，藉由描繪小說人物的危機及其虛浮無根的都市生活而意含重拾個人及種族的歷史文化連結的必要性。因此本論文欲藉由檢視《爵士》中小說人物的生活由斷裂到再連結的過程，探討莫莉森對歷史與文化連結的關切。第一章將會探究朝向北方城市的黑人集體遷徙活動在歷史社會與文化上的重要性，並藉由檢視莫莉森如何在小說中將哈林區描繪成一歷史文化不連續的黑人都市社區，點出作者對大遷徙的疑慮。在第二章，引用法國歷史學家Pierre Nora 的lieux de memoire的概念進而探討莫莉森在《爵士》中對記憶的運用，經由記憶使得小說人物能與自己和種族的過去有所聯繫，並瞭解到現在與過去的關連。而第三章則試圖分析小說人物，特別是女性，如何藉由再次尋獲自己的聲音，以促進人際的溝通，並有助於與他人的連結，強化在黑人都市社區中原已薄弱的社群意識。

Jazz is a novel that demonstrates Toni Morrison’s meditations on the historical, social, and cultural event of the Great Migration in the United States during the early decades of the twentieth century. Set in the 1926, the heyday of the Harlem Renaissance, however, the narrative of Jazz seldom refers to blacks’ artistic and cultural achievements of the time and instead focuses on the ordinary lives of its black characters, who migrate to Harlem in pursuit of better conditions. Through the depiction of the characters’spiritual and marital crises, Morrison’s Jazz probes into the impacts of this geographical relocation on African American lives. In the novel, Morrison portrays the Great Migration as a time of rupture and suggests the need of historical and cultural (re)connection for her black characters to resituate themselves in the North. Therefore, this thesis deals with the process from rupture to reconnection in the lives of the characters in Jazz. The first chapter will explore the migration to the Northern cities by examining Morrison’s representation of the urban setting of Harlem that is marked by discontinuity in history and culture. The second chapter will proceed to discuss the function of memory in helping Morrison’s characters to attain a connection with their pasts while the third chapter will focus on the rediscovery of the characters’voices, which facilitates their communication and connection with each other.

Introduction.................................................1
From Rupture to Reconnection:
Migration, Memory, and Culture
Chapter One..................................................15
Historical and Cultural Rupture
I.Migrating to Cities
II.Harlem, "the City" in Jazz
III.Rootlessness: The Fragmented Urban Community
IV.Madness of Migration
Chapter Two.................................................38
Historical Reconnection: Journey into the Lieu de Memoire
I.Pierre Nora's Concept of Les Lieux de Memoire
II.Morrison's Use of Memory
III.Dorcas Manfred as a Lieu de Memoire
IV.Renegotiating the Traumatic Experience
Chapter Three...............................................60
Cultural Reconnection: Retrieval of the voice
I.Women's Talk
II.Laughter
III.Storytelling
IV.Music
Conclusion..................................................86
Works Cited.................................................89

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