臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要目的為發展一份具信度、效度，且適用於測量本土嬰幼兒母親的就托分離焦慮量表，透過量表了解嬰幼兒母親的就托分離焦慮內涵及情形，並探討影響母親分離焦慮的因素。研究對象以新北市2個社區保母系統及臺中市3個社區保母系統的母親為母群體，以家中育有0-2歲嬰幼兒、將嬰幼兒就托於社區保母系統的保母托育、且填答問卷時仍持續就托的母親為研究樣本。以「嬰幼兒母親的就托分離焦慮量表」為測量工具，341位母親所填答的資料經描述性統計、因素分析、獨立樣本t檢定、皮爾森積差相關分析，研究發現如下：
一、嬰幼兒母親的就托分離焦慮量表經因素分析得到二個構面，為「母親自身分離焦慮」及「因孩子反應引起的分離焦慮」來命名，總解釋量為57.00%。量表整體信度為.92，顯示是一份具有良好信度、效度，可用來測量嬰幼兒的母親就托分離焦慮量表。
二、整體而言，「嬰幼兒母親的就托分離焦慮」情形，呈現普通，母親的分離焦慮中，「因孩子反應引起的分離焦慮」比「母親自身分離焦慮」高；「母親自身分離焦慮」與「因孩子反應引起的分離焦慮」彼此之間具有高度的顯著正相關。
三、整體而言，「影響母親分離焦慮的因素」呈現符合程度，顯示「母親對孩子分離的適應評估」及「對替代性托育品質的信任程度」是影響嬰幼兒母親就托分離焦慮的因素。相關分析結果顯示，「母親自身的分離焦慮」與「母親對孩子分離的適應評估」無顯著相關，然而與「對替代性托育品質的信任程度」呈現顯著負相關；母親「因孩子反應引起的分離焦慮」與「母親對孩子分離的適應評估」及「對替代性托育品質的信任程度」均呈現顯著負相關。
四、研究結果顯示，男嬰比女嬰容易引起母親自身分離焦慮，「母親自身分離焦慮」與母親年齡呈現顯著負相關，母親年紀越輕，焦慮越高；「母親自身分離焦慮」與母親教育程度、母親職業聲望、嬰幼兒年齡、給保母托育時間長短則無顯相關；母親「因孩子反應引起的分離焦慮」與母親年齡、母親教育程度、母親職業聲望、嬰幼兒年齡、嬰幼兒性別以及給保母托育時間長短亦無顯著相關。

This study aims to develop a mother-report measure of maternal separation anxiety with both satisfactory reliability and validity and to examine maternal anxiety and its contributory factors for mothers of young children using family child care services in Taiwan. Participants were mothers who have children of 0-2-year-olds and use caregivers organized by the family child care services (two communities in New Taipei City and three in Taichung City). Using data from 341 mothers who completed the maternal separation anxiety scale, the results based on descriptive statistical analyses, the factor analyses, independent samples t-tests, and Pearson’s product-moment correlations were as follows:
1.This scale demonstrated both satisfactory internal consistency and nomological validity. According to the factor analysis, the contributing variance of the two underlying constructs, the maternal self-perceived anxiety and the anxiety caused by children’s reactions to separation to the maternal separation anxiety was 57%. The total coefficient of reliability (Cronbach's α) was .92.
2.In general, the degree of maternal separation anxiety was at the medium level. The anxiety caused by children’s reactions to separation was higher than the maternal self-perceived anxiety and there was a significantly positive correlation between these two measures.
3.Two factors influencing maternal separation anxiety were maternal perception of separation effects on the child and the maternal trust to alternative family child care. The maternal self-perceived anxiety was negatively related to the maternal trust to alternative family child care, but not related to maternal perception of separation effects on the child. The maternal anxiety caused by children’s reactions to separation was negatively related to both maternal perception of separation effects on the child and the maternal trust to alternative family child care.
4.Mothers had more separation anxiety for boys than girls. The maternal self-perceived anxiety was negatively correlated with mother’s age, but not related to education attainment and occupational prestige of mothers, age of children, and time spent in family child care. No association existed between maternal anxiety caused by children’s reactions to separation and the above mentioned background variables.

目 次
第一章 緒論………………………………………………………1
第一節 研究背景與動機…………………………………………1
第二節 研究目的…………………………………………………5
第三節 研究問題…………………………………………………6
第四節 名詞釋義…………………………………………………7
第二章 文獻探討…………………………………………………9
第一節 分離焦慮相關理論及研究………………………………9
第二節 母親分離焦慮的內涵及評量……………………………15
第三節 影響母親分離焦慮的因素………………………………23
第四節 母親分離焦慮的相關研究………………………………25
第三章 研究方法與步驟…………………………………………30
第一節 研究設計與架構…………………………………………30
第二節 研究方法…………………………………………………32
第三節 研究對象…………………………………………………33
第四節 研究工具…………………………………………………35
第五節 研究實施程序……………………………………………48
第六節 資料處理…………………………………………………50
第四章 研究結果與討論…………………………………………52
第一節 樣本資料描述分析………………………………………52
第二節 嬰幼兒母親的就托分離焦慮量表性質探測……………55
第三節 「嬰幼兒母親的就托分離焦慮」與「影響母親分離焦
慮的因素」描述分析………………………………………………62
第四節 背景變項與「嬰幼兒母親的就托分離焦慮」差異與相
關分析………………………………………………………………67
第五章 研究結論與建議…………………………………………73
第一節 研究結論…………………………………………………73
第二節 研究限制與建議…………………………………………79
參考文獻……………………………………………………………86
附 錄……………………………………………………………94

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