臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究以放電合金化法(Electrical Discharge Alloying, EDA)製備儲氫合金粉末，探討不同極性(polarity)、放電電流及脈衝時間對合金粉末結構及儲氫性質之影響。實驗結果顯示以鎳為負極所製作的儲氫合金粉末，粉末形貌多數為球狀，只有少部分為破裂不規則狀；而以鎂為負極所製作的儲氫合金粉末則多為破裂不規則狀。所有合金粉末表面有EDA製程所產生的裂紋與孔洞。

由ICP與EDS分析結果中，以鎳及鎂為負極儲氫合金粉末均含有Mg及Ni，但以鎂為負極的儲氫合金粉末之Ni含量相當低。此外，由XRD分析結果可知，未進行吸氫前，以鎳為負極所製作的儲氫合金粉末主要含有Mg2Ni 、MgNiO2、MgNi2、Mg6Ni、Mg、Ni相，而以鎂為負極所製作的儲氫合金粉末則含有Mg2Ni 、MgNiO2、MgNi2、Mg6Ni、Mg相。進行吸氫反應之後，所有儲氫合金粉末主要的相有Mg2NiH4、Ni2H、MgNiO2、Mg4NiO相，由XRD結果可以確認放電合金化法製備的儲氫合金粉末具有吸氫的能力。

由儲氫測試結果顯示，以鎳為負極製備的儲氫合金粉末的吸氫能力明顯高於以鎂為負極製備的儲氫合金粉末。而低放電電流製備的儲氫合金粉末之儲氫能力則優於高放電電流製備的儲氫合金粉末。綜合上述實驗結果可知，儲氫合金粉末中Ni的含量會影響儲氫的效果。

The study aims to investigate the effect of fixed polarities with different electrode materials, discharge currents and pulse duration on the structural and hydrogen storage properties of hydrogen storage alloy powders prepared by means of electrical discharge alloying (EDA). Experimental results reveal that powder prepared with nickel as the cathode appears mostly spheroidal and only a small part appears broken and irregular while the same prepared with magnesium as the cathode appears mostly broken and irregular. Both powders have cracks and pores that occurred during the EDA on the surface.

Results of analysis using ICP and EDS show that powders prepared with nickel and magnesium as the cathode both contain Mg and Ni while the same prepared with magnesium as the cathode contains considerably little Ni. Results of analysis using XRD further reveals that powder prepared with nickel as the cathode mainly contains Mg2Ni, MgNiO2, MgNi2, Mg6Ni, Mg and Ni phases while the same prepared with magnesium as the cathode contains Mg2Ni, MgNiO2, MgNi2, Mg6Ni and Mg phases prior to hydrogen absorption. The main phases of both powders are Mg2NiH4, Ni2H, MgNiO2 and Mg4NiO following hydrogen absorption. The same results confirm that powders prepared using EDA are capable of absorbing hydrogen.

Results of hydrogen storage testing indicate that powder prepared with nickel as the cathode is significantly more capable of absorbing hydrogen compared with the same prepared with magnesium and powder prepared with low discharge current has a better capability of hydrogen absorption compared with the same prepared with high discharge current. To sum up the aforementioned results, the content of Ni in hydrogen storage alloy powders affects hydrogen storage.

誌謝 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 v
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 ix
第一章 前言 1
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2-1氫的基本介紹 4
2-2氫氣的儲存 4
2-3 儲氫合金 6
2-4 鎂基儲氫合金 8
2-5 儲氫粉末的製備 9
2-5-1 放電加工法工作原理 9
2-5-2 放電加工之合金化原理 10
2-5-3 影響放電加工製程之因素 10
2-5-4 放電合金化法製作粉末之現況與回顧 10
第三章 實驗步驟與方法 22
3-1 儲氫合金粉末之製備 22
3-2 儲氫合金粉末之分析 22
3-2-1 儲氫合金粉末之形貌觀察 22
3-2-2 儲氫合金粉末之性質分析 23
3-3 儲氫系統之製作與模具組裝 24
3-4 儲氫系統測試 24
第四章 實驗結果 31
4-1 儲氫合金粉末外觀形貌觀察 31
4-2 儲氫合金粉末之ICP分析 32
4-3 儲氫合金粉末之性質分析 32
4-3-1 儲氫合金粉末X光繞射分析 32
4-3-2 儲氫合金粉末DSC與DTA分析 33
4-3-3 儲氫合金粉末EDS成分分析 35
4-4 儲氫合金粉末之吸放儲氫性質 35

第五章 討論 84
5-1 EDA製備之儲氫合金粉末性質探討 84
5-2 不同放電合金化參數對Mg-Ni合金粉末鎳含量之影響 84
5-3 鎳含量對Mg-Ni合金粉末儲氫能力之影響 85
5-4 粉末結晶性對儲氫能力之影響 85
5-5 Mg-Ni合金粉末吸氫初始溫度與吸氫量之加工參數效應探討 85
第六章 結論 99
參考文獻 100
自述 104

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