臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
本試驗調查自交低著果率的‘金枕頭’(‘Monthong’)榴槤和自交著果率嚴重偏低之‘青尼’(‘Chanee’)榴槤自交與異交授粉受精過程和其著果率。二品種自交和雜交的花粉均可在柱頭上正常萌芽，花粉管亦均可正常的長進花柱內部。花粉管生長速度則以雜交組合快於自交組合。所有授粉組合中，授粉後約24小時花粉管即可通過花柱基部，而且無明顯發生於花柱之自交不親和性的表現。 ‘青尼’和‘金枕頭’互交的所有組合，花粉管穿透珠孔的比率均大於40%；由胚珠之受精率可得知，胚珠所在位置並不影響受精的潛力。證實此二品種結實率低主要因子，並非配子體型自交不親和作用(Gametophytic self-incompatibility)。然而，由‘青尼’自交著果率很低，且此二品種不論自交或雜交的落果皆非集中發生的現象看，供試的榴槤品種應可確定具後期作用之自交生殖障礙。

SUMMARY
In this experiment, we investigated assisted pollination process and fruit set percentages of selfing and crossing between ‘Monthong’ and ‘Chanee’, which are low percentage of fruit set in selfing.
Pollens of both varieties can normally germinate on stigmas and grow healthily inside styles. However, the growth rate of pollen tubes is faster in the crossing combination than selfing. Pollen tubes pass through bases of styles about 24 hrs after pollinations, and there are no obvious self-incompatible responses in styles. The percentage of ovule penetrated among whole pollinate combination between ‘Chanee’ and ‘Monthong’ is over 40 %, and it is independent from the positions of ovules within the ovaries. The result indicates that the major factor causing the low fruiting rate of these varieties is not gametophytic self-incompatibility.
The fruit set of ‘Chanee’, however, is obviously low, and the fruit drop phenomenon for the selfing or crossing combination is non-uniform. Therefore, the high ovule penetrated percentage and low selfing fruit set percentage of ‘Chanee’ (which is 0 % in two years, 2002 and 2003) and ‘Monthong’ (which is 6.9 % in 2002 and 23.6% in 2003) provided that these two varieties, especially ‘Chanee’, might have post zygotic selfing barriers.

目錄
博碩士論文電子檔案上網授權書 i
考試委員審查記錄 ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
LIST OF FIGURES vii
表目錄 viii
LIST OF TABLES ix
附錄目錄 x
摘要 1
前言 3
前人研究 5
壹、 榴槤花芽分化 5
貳、 榴槤花器形態 7
參、 榴槤的開花習性 8
肆、 榴槤的授粉媒 10
伍、 榴槤開花著果習性 13
陸、 被子植物助長異交之自交抑制作用 14
柒、 榴槤著果率低之研究 18
材料與方法 21
材料： 21
方法： 21
一、 螢光顯微鏡觀察之條件測試 21
二、 花粉製備及授粉 22
三、 In vivo授粉受精行為觀察 23
四、 著果率調查 24
結果與討論 25
壹、 螢光顯微鏡觀察之條件測試及預備試驗 25
貳、 In vivo授粉受精行為觀察 26
參、 著果率調查 33
結論 37
SUMMARY 39
圖表 40
參考文獻 71
附錄 76

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