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研究生:鄭雅薇
研究生(外文):Ya-Wei Cheng
論文名稱:人類鏡像神經系統在促進反應中的神經機轉
論文名稱(外文):The Representaiton of the Human Mirror System in the Neural Mechanism of Response Facilitation
指導教授:曾志朗曾志朗引用關係謝仁俊謝仁俊引用關係
指導教授(外文):Ovid J-L TzengJen-Chuen Hsieh
學位類別:博士
校院名稱:國立陽明大學
系所名稱:神經科學研究所
學門:醫藥衛生學門
學類:醫學學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2006
畢業學年度:94
語文別:英文
論文頁數:133
中文關鍵詞:促進反應鏡像神經系統抑制機轉双腳直立行走性別動機
外文關鍵詞:response facilitationthe mirror systeminhibitory mechanismbipedal locomotiongendermotivation
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:2
  • 點閱點閱:889
  • 評分評分:
  • 下載下載:115
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:2
促進反應的現象, 乃是模仿的基礎機制之一, 它指的是當
我們看到對方的動作, 會不由自主地想複製對方的動作。而
猴子腦部之鏡像神經元的特性, 正可以解釋這個有趣的現
象, 即猴子的鏡像神經元會在猴子做動作(如用手抓握東西)
時活化, 亦會在猴子看到其他猴子或人類做類似的動作時
活化起來。這些鏡像神經元, 已被證實存在於人腦中,組成
鏡像神經系統。再者, 這種外顯的動作複製行為, 在日常生
活中常被抑制下來, 以避免尷尬。本研究的目的,就在於探
討此促進反應的抑制機轉。過去從腦傷病患的研究顯示, 很
可能是由大腦的額葉皮質, 來運作此抑制機轉;然而, 最近
的神經生理研究卻指出, 在脊髓中存在此一抑制機轉。因此,
本研究分別利用H-反射, 腦磁儀及功能性磁振造影, 測量
人類鏡像神經系統活性(如, 皮質脊髓活性、主要運動皮質
之活性、腦部血氧水平依賴之反應), 並分別操弄動作類別
(双腳直立行走與用手抓握)、性別(女性與男性)、及動機強
弱(饑餓與飽足)等不同的變項, 以澄清此抑制之神經機
轉。結果發現, 這些變項都會調控人類鏡像神經系統的活性,
從腦皮質到脊髓之活性, 所以本研究推論該促進反應, 除了
脊髓本身的抑制機轉之外, 應還存在有腦皮質之間與腦
皮質脊髓的抑制機轉才是。
A fundamental phenomenon that forms the basis of imitation is response facilitation, which means the automatic tendency to reproduce an observed movement. The activity of mirror neurons, which discharge both when a monkey makes a specific action (e.g., hand grasping) and when it observes another individual (monkey or human) making a similar
action, can explain this phenomenon. A series of previous studies had found that humans also have the mirror system. The evidence from some brain injured patients suggests that the overt reproduction of the seen action is likely to be inhibited by the frontal and mesial cortical areas.
However, some previous neurophysiological studies reported that such an inhibitory mechanism occurs at the spinal level instead of the cortical level. Here, using H-reflex, MEG, and fMRI to measure the activity of the human mirror system, the present study investigated at whether cortical
or spinal level the inhibitory mechanism of response facilitation occurs in the aspect of the behavior type (bipedal locomotion versus hand grasp),the gender (female versus male), and the motivation (hungry versus satiated). The results showed that all these aspects could modulate the
representation of response facilitation across the corticospinal excitability and brain BOLD (blood oxygenation level-dependent) response, which leads to support the cortico-cortical and cortico-spinal as well as the
spinal inhibitory mechanism.
CONTENTS …………………………………………………………2
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS………………………………………………3
CHINESE ABSTRACT ……………………………………………7
ENGLISH ABSTRACT ..……………………………………………9
INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………11
REVIEW OF LITERACTURES ……………………………………13
AIMS OF THE PRESENT STUDY …………………………………27
GENERAL METHODS ..……………………………………………28
EXPERIMENT 1 .……………………………………………………29
EXPERIMENT 2 ……………………………………………………40
EXPERIMENT 3 ……………………………………………………57
EXPERIMENT 4 ……………………………………………………68
CONCLUSION …………………………….…………………………85
REFERENCES ……………………………………………………… 87
TABLES ……………………………………………………………107
FIGURES ……………………………………………………………113
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