臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於近年空氣汙染日益嚴重，因此必須將車輛進行輕量化的設計，使其能源消耗降低以達到節能減碳的效果。本研究設計並製造了一種新型的堆疊式複合材料碟型彈簧。本研究可分為三個階段，第一階段使用電腦輔助設計軟體Solidworks設計堆疊式複合材料碟型彈簧之結構與模具，並透過有限元素分析軟體ABAQUS模擬碟型彈簧受壓縮時產生之主應力方向，根據其主應力方向設計纖維之排疊角度；第二階段使用碳纖維與玄武岩纖維複合材料製造單片式複合材料碟型彈簧，並透過探討不同製造參數對於單片式複合材料碟型彈簧之物理性質與壓縮性能的影響；第三階段選擇具有最佳性能之製造參數製作堆疊式複合材料碟型彈簧，並探討堆疊式複合材料碟型彈簧之壓縮性能與疲勞性能。根據研究結果發現，使用碳纖維複合材料製造堆疊式複合材料碟型彈簧可得到較佳之彈簧性能，並且其疲勞壽命約為43萬次。但堆疊式複合材料碟型彈簧之中的某結構容易產生較大之應力集中而造成較嚴重之疲勞損傷，因此在未來仍需要進行進一步的改善，使堆疊式複合材料碟型彈簧更具有實際之應用價值。

Due to the increasing air pollution in recent years, it is necessary to reduce the weight of the vehicle to achieve energy consumption reduction. This study designed and manufactured a new type of stacked composite disc springs. The first stage uses the computer-aided design software Solidworks to design the structure and forming mold of the stacked composite disc spring. Through the finite element analysis software ABAQUS, the direction of the principal stress generated when the disk spring is compressed, and the lamination angle is designed according to the direction of the principal stress. In the second stage, a single composite disc spring was fabricated using carbon fiber and basalt fiber/epoxy composites, the effects of different manufacturing parameters on the physical and compression properties of the single composite disc spring were also investigated. In the third stage, a stacked composite disc springs were fabricated with the best performance manufacturing parameters, and the compression and fatigue properties of the stacked composite disc springs were discussed. According to the research results, the use of carbon fiber composite materials to manufacture stacked composite disc springs can achieve better spring performance, and its fatigue life is about 430,000 times. However, a certain structure in the stacked composite disc spring is more likely to cause stress concentration and cause more serious fatigue damage, so further improvement was needed in the future, so that the stacked composite disc spring has more practical application value.

誌謝 I
摘要 II
Abstract III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 X
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.1.1 複合材料簡介 1
1.1.2 懸吊系統簡介 3
1.1.3 碟型彈簧簡介 6
1.2 文獻回顧 15
1.3 研究動機及目的 18
第二章 複合材料碟型彈簧結構設計 19
2.1 有限元素法簡介 19
2.2 有限元素軟體ABAQUS簡介 20
2.2.1 Abaqus 之分析流程簡介 20
2.2.2 Abaqus 之模組簡介 21
2.2.3 Abaqus 之常用元素 23
2.3 主應力分析 24
2.3.1 分析流程 24
2.3.2 有效性驗證 30
2.3.3 主應力方向模擬結果 32
2.4 結構設計 33
2.5 材料選用與製程參數設定 35
2.6 疊層角度設計 36
第三章 實驗步驟與設計 37
3.1 實驗材料 37
3.2 實驗儀器 38
3.3 實驗流程 39
3.4 複合材料碟型彈簧物理性質測試 41
3.4.1 複合材料碟型彈簧樹脂流失率測試 41
3.4.2 複合材料碟型彈簧密度測試 42
3.4.3 複合材料碟型彈簧組成成分分析 43
3.5 複合材料碟型彈簧機械性能測試 45
3.5.1 複合材料碟型彈簧壓縮性能測試 45
3.5.2 複合材料碟型彈簧疲勞性能測試 46
3.6 複合材料碟型彈簧之編號說明 48
第四章 結果與討論 50
4.1 碟型彈簧之物理性質 50
4.1.1 樹脂流失率測試 50
4.1.2 空孔體積含有率測試 57
4.2 單片複合材料碟型彈簧之壓縮性能 60
4.2.1 單片碳纖維複合材料碟型彈簧之壓縮性能 61
4.2.2 單片玄武岩纖維複合材料碟型彈簧之壓縮性能 66
4.2.3 堆疊式複合材料碟型彈簧之材料選用 71
4.3 堆疊式複合材料碟型彈簧之壓縮與疲勞性能 73
4.3.1 堆疊式碳纖維複合材料碟型彈簧之壓縮性能 74
4.3.2 堆疊式碳纖維複合材料碟型彈簧之疲勞性能 76
4.3.3 堆疊式碳纖維複合材料碟型彈簧之疲勞壽命預測 78
4.3.4 堆疊式碳纖維複合材料碟型彈簧之疲勞表面損傷 81
第五章 結論與建議 84
5.1 結論 84
5.2 未來與展望 85
參考文獻 86

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