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研究生:洪培昱
研究生(外文):HUNG, PEI-YU
論文名稱:主動行為、資源支持與工作壓力關連之探討:資源保存理論觀點
論文名稱(外文):Proactive Behavior, Resource Support and Job Stress: Conservation of Resource Perspective
指導教授:施智婷施智婷引用關係
指導教授(外文):SHIH, CHIH-TING
口試委員:廖曜生林豪傑
口試委員(外文):LIAO, YAO-SHENGLIN, HAO-CHIEH
口試日期:2018-06-13
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立屏東大學
系所名稱:企業管理學系碩士班
學門:商業及管理學門
學類:企業管理學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2018
畢業學年度:106
語文別:中文
論文頁數:67
中文關鍵詞:主動行為工作壓力團隊成員交換關係領導成員交換關係資源保存理論
外文關鍵詞:Proactive behaviorJob stressTeam-member exchangeLeader-member exchangeConservation of resource theory
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  在工作任務日漸複雜的時代背景下,員工的自主性就顯得重要。甚至可以這麼說,組織的成功和生存可能取決於員工是否會受到自我或環境影響而產生的預期性主動行為。主動行為在職場上意味著積極的工作方式,擁有主動行為的員工可能會主動提出問題、解決問題,甚至積極尋求主管對自己的回饋,而從事上述這些應對本身必須要投入資源甚至造成耗損,假設這些投資的資源持續流失,壓力的負面影響就會出現。但是關於主動行為過去的研究總是探討行為產生的結果之正面影響,卻忽略了是否對於主動行為者本身心理層面等其他的負面影響。因此,本研究探討主動行為與工作壓力之關係以期望補足這方面的相關研究缺口。除此之外,本研究在資源保存理論之觀點下,加入團隊成員交換與領導成員交換關係這兩個被視為組織中最重要的關係資源,討論是否各自對主動行為與工作壓力之間的關係存有調節效果,也就是當資源持續流失,壓力的負面影響出現時,若是有同事間的支持或是有主管的幫忙這些資源可以替代上述主動行為者所耗損之資源會如何影響工作壓力。
  本研究以國內藥局員工作為研究對象,以台灣北部、中部、南部三大地區之藥局作為主要研究區域,且以紙本問卷搭配兩個時點的填答方式來回收樣本資料,共計回收205份有效樣本,並透過因素分析和信度分析及迴歸分析來驗證各個研究構念之關係。結果顯示,員工的主動行為對工作壓力有正向關係不具顯著影響;領導成員交換關將調節員工的主動行為與工作壓力之正向關係不具顯著影響;團隊成員交換關係將調節員工的主動行為與工作壓力之正向關係具負向影響。最後針對管理意涵與及未來建議進行討論。
  Organizations’ nowadays success and survival depend on whether the employees take the initiative or self-imposed work behaviors, namely proactive behavior. Employees with proactive behaviors may proactively ask questions, solve problems, and even actively seek supervisors' feedback on themselves. However, proactive behaviors require employees investing their resources, and even losing it. The continual investments of resources could cause pressure. Prior research on proactive behavior have well-documented the positive outcomes that employees benefit from, but they have ignored proactive behavior may lead to negative effects on employees’ physiological and psychological health. Therefore, the study aims to explore the relationship between proactive behavior and job stress. By adopting resource theory(COR), this study further consider team member exchange and leading member exchange as two critical relationships resources, and examine whether they have a moderating effect on the relationship between proactive behavior and job stress.
  The research conduct survey two points at time on employees of community pharmacy in the northern, central and southern regions of Taiwan. Using a sample of 205 supervisor-subordinate dyads, results show that the employee proactive behavior does not have a significant effect on the positive relationship of job stress; there is no moderating effect of leadership member exchange, whereas team member exchange has a negative moderating in the relationship between proactive behavior and job stress. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed.
誌謝 I
摘要  II
Abstract III
目錄 IV
表目錄 V
圖目錄 VI

第壹章 緒論 1
 第一節 研究背景與動機 1
 第二節 研究目的 4
 第三節 研究範圍與流程 5
第貳章 文獻探討 6
 第一節 資源保存理論 6
 第二節 主動行為  8
 第三節 工作壓力 12
 第四節 團隊成員交換關係 19
 第五節 領導成員交換關係 24
第參章 研究設計與方法 29
 第一節 研究架構 29
 第二節 研究對象與設計 30
 第三節 問卷構面定義與設計 32
 第四節 資料統計分析方法 37
第肆章 研究結果與分析 39
 第一節 回收樣本基本資料分析 39
 第二節 描述性統計與相關係數分析 42
 第三節 迴歸分析 44
 第四節 研究結果 47
第伍章 結論與建議 48
 第一節 理論意涵 48
 第二節 管理意涵 51
 第三節 研究限制與建議 52
參考文獻 53
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